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Bernardini C, Mantia DL, Salaroli R, Ventrella D, Elmi A, Zannoni A, Forni M. Isolation of Vascular Wall Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Thoracic Aorta of Adult Göttingen Minipigs: A New Protocol for the Simultaneous Endothelial Cell Collection. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2601. [PMID: 37627392 PMCID: PMC10451532 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Two main classes of perivascular multipotent populations have been described: the microvascular pericytes and the vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs). VW-MSCs are isolated from large vessels in many species and they participate in vascular remodeling together with other cellular components such as endothelial cells. Considering that the Göttingen Minipigs are widely used in Europe as a translational model in the field of cardiovascular diseases, the aim of the present research was to isolate VW-MSCs from the adult aorta of Göttingen Minipigs while preserving and also collecting endothelial cells. The results obtained in the present research demonstrated that this new protocol allows us to obtain a pure population of VW-MSCs and endothelial cells. VW-MSCs from Göttingen Minipigs responded fully to the MSC minima international criteria, being positive to CD105, CD90, and CD44 and negative to CD45 and CD34. Moreover, VW-MSCs presented a differentiative potential towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Overall, the present protocol, preserving the viability and phenotypic features of the two isolated populations, opens future possibilities of using minipig VW-MSCs and endothelial cells in in vitro vascular remodeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Debora La Mantia
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alberto Elmi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (R.S.); (D.V.); (A.E.); (A.Z.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Monica Forni
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Harman RM, Marx C, Van de Walle GR. Translational Animal Models Provide Insight Into Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) Secretome Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654885. [PMID: 33869217 PMCID: PMC8044970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome, consisting of all molecules secreted by MSCs, is intensively studied. MSCs can be readily isolated, expanded, and manipulated in culture, and few people argue with the ethics of their collection. Despite promising pre-clinical studies, most MSC secretome-based therapies have not been implemented in human medicine, in part because the complexity of bioactive factors secreted by MSCs is not completely understood. In addition, the MSC secretome is variable, influenced by individual donor, tissue source of origin, culture conditions, and passage. An increased understanding of the factors that make up the secretome and the ability to manipulate MSCs to consistently secrete factors of biologic importance will improve MSC therapy. To aid in this goal, we can draw from the wealth of information available on secreted factors from MSC isolated from veterinary species. These translational animal models will inspire efforts to move human MSC secretome therapy from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerlinde R. Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Bernardini C, La Mantia D, Nesci S, Salaroli R, Algieri C, Pagliarani A, Zannoni A, Forni M. Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Donor NaHS on Porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5267. [PMID: 32722269 PMCID: PMC7432345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now considered not only for its toxicity, but also as an endogenously produced gas transmitter with multiple physiological roles, also in maintaining and regulating stem cell physiology. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of a common H2S donor, NaHS, on porcine vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells (pVW-MSCs). pVW-MSCs were treated for 24 h with increasing doses of NaHS, and the cell viability, cell cycle, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated. Moreover, the long-term effects of NaHS administration on the noteworthy characteristics of pVW-MSCs were analyzed. The MTT test revealed no alteration in cell viability, however, the cell cycle analysis demonstrated that the highest NaHS dose tested (300 μM) determined a block in S phase, which did not depend on the ROS production. Moreover, NaHS (10 μM), continuously administered in culture for 21 days, was able to significantly reduce NG2, Nestin and PDGFR-β expression. The pro-angiogenic attitude of pVW-MSCs was partially reduced by NaHS: the cells maintained the ability to grow in spheroid and sprouting from that, but endothelial markers (Factor VIII and CD31) were reduced. In conclusion, NaHS can be toxic for pVW-MSCs in high doses, while in low doses, it influences cellular physiology, by affecting the gene expression with a slowing down of the endothelial lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Debora La Mantia
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies—Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies—Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
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Forni M, Bernardini C, Zamparini F, Zannoni A, Salaroli R, Ventrella D, Parchi G, Degli Esposti M, Polimeni A, Fabbri P, Fava F, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation on 3D Biodegradable Highly Porous CaSi-DCPD Doped Poly (α-hydroxy) Acids Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020243. [PMID: 32013247 PMCID: PMC7075175 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is a crucial factor when approaching any engineered tissue. Vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells are an excellent in vitro model to study vascular remodeling due to their strong angiogenic attitude. This study aimed to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of experimental highly porous scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) or poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) doped with calcium silicates (CaSi) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), namely PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD, designed for the regeneration of bone defects. Vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs) derived from pig thoracic aorta were seeded on the scaffolds and the expression of angiogenic markers, i.e. CD90 (mesenchymal stem/stromal cell surface marker), pericyte genes α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), PDGFR-β (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β), and NG2 (neuron-glial antigen 2) was evaluated. Pure PLA and pure PCL scaffolds and cell culture plastic were used as controls (3D in vitro model vs. 2D in vitro model). The results clearly demonstrated that the vascular wall mesenchymal cells colonized the scaffolds and were metabolically active. Cells, grown in these 3D systems, showed the typical gene expression profile they have in control 2D culture, although with some main quantitative differences. DNA staining and immunofluorescence assay for alpha-tubulin confirmed a cellular presence on both scaffolds. However, VW-MSCs cultured on PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD showed an individual cells growth, whilst on PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD scaffolds VW-MSCs grew in spherical clusters. In conclusion, vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated the ability to colonize PLA and PCL scaffolds doped with CaSi-DCPD for new vessels formation and a potential for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Fausto Zamparini
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.); (A.Z.); (R.S.); (D.V.)
| | - Greta Parchi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Micaela Degli Esposti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Pediatric Dentistry Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Fabbri
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Fabio Fava
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.E.); (P.F.); (F.F.)
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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