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Shuman JHB, Lin AS, Westland MD, Bryant KN, Piazuelo MB, Reyzer ML, Judd AM, McDonald WH, McClain MS, Schey KL, Algood HMS, Cover TL. Remodeling of the gastric environment in Helicobacter pylori-induced atrophic gastritis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0109823. [PMID: 38059647 PMCID: PMC10805037 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01098-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonization of the human stomach is a strong risk factor for gastric cancer. To investigate H. pylori-induced gastric molecular alterations, we used a Mongolian gerbil model of gastric carcinogenesis. Histologic evaluation revealed varying levels of atrophic gastritis (a premalignant condition characterized by parietal and chief cell loss) in H. pylori-infected animals, and transcriptional profiling revealed a loss of markers for these cell types. We then assessed the spatial distribution and relative abundance of proteins in the gastric tissues using imaging mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. We detected striking differences in the protein content of corpus and antrum tissues. Four hundred ninety-two proteins were preferentially localized to the corpus in uninfected animals. The abundance of 91 of these proteins was reduced in H. pylori-infected corpus tissues exhibiting atrophic gastritis compared with infected corpus tissues exhibiting non-atrophic gastritis or uninfected corpus tissues; these included numerous proteins with metabolic functions. Fifty proteins localized to the corpus in uninfected animals were diffusely delocalized throughout the stomach in infected tissues with atrophic gastritis; these included numerous proteins with roles in protein processing. The corresponding alterations were not detected in animals infected with a H. pylori ∆cagT mutant (lacking Cag type IV secretion system activity). These results indicate that H. pylori can cause loss of proteins normally localized to the gastric corpus as well as diffuse delocalization of corpus-specific proteins, resulting in marked changes in the normal gastric molecular partitioning into distinct corpus and antrum regions.IMPORTANCEA normal stomach is organized into distinct regions known as the corpus and antrum, which have different functions, cell types, and gland architectures. Previous studies have primarily used histologic methods to differentiate these regions and detect H. pylori-induced alterations leading to stomach cancer. In this study, we investigated H. pylori-induced gastric molecular alterations in a Mongolian gerbil model of carcinogenesis. We report the detection of numerous proteins that are preferentially localized to the gastric corpus but not the antrum in a normal stomach. We show that stomachs with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis (a precancerous condition characterized by the loss of specialized cell types) exhibit marked changes in the abundance and localization of proteins normally localized to the gastric corpus. These results provide new insights into H. pylori-induced gastric molecular alterations that are associated with the development of stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H. B. Shuman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aung Soe Lin
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mandy D. Westland
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kaeli N. Bryant
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M. Blanca Piazuelo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michelle L. Reyzer
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Audra M. Judd
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - W. Hayes McDonald
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mark S. McClain
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin L. Schey
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Holly M. S. Algood
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy L. Cover
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Huang KK, Ma H, Chong RHH, Uchihara T, Lian BSX, Zhu F, Sheng T, Srivastava S, Tay ST, Sundar R, Tan ALK, Ong X, Lee M, Ho SWT, Lesluyes T, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Van Loo P, Chua JS, Ramnarayanan K, Lau LHS, Gotoda T, Kim HS, Ang TL, Khor C, Lee JWJ, Tsao SKK, Yang WL, Teh M, Chung H, So JBY, Yeoh KG, Tan P. Spatiotemporal genomic profiling of intestinal metaplasia reveals clonal dynamics of gastric cancer progression. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:2019-2037.e8. [PMID: 37890493 PMCID: PMC10729843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a pre-malignant condition of the gastric mucosa associated with increased gastric cancer (GC) risk. Analyzing 1,256 gastric samples (1,152 IMs) across 692 subjects from a prospective 10-year study, we identify 26 IM driver genes in diverse pathways including chromatin regulation (ARID1A) and intestinal homeostasis (SOX9). Single-cell and spatial profiles highlight changes in tissue ecology and IM lineage heterogeneity, including an intestinal stem-cell dominant cellular compartment linked to early malignancy. Expanded transcriptome profiling reveals expression-based molecular subtypes of IM associated with incomplete histology, antral/intestinal cell types, ARID1A mutations, inflammation, and microbial communities normally associated with the healthy oral tract. We demonstrate that combined clinical-genomic models outperform clinical-only models in predicting IMs likely to transform to GC. By highlighting strategies for accurately identifying IM patients at high GC risk and a role for microbial dysbiosis in IM progression, our results raise opportunities for GC precision prevention and interception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kie Kyon Huang
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Haoran Ma
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Roxanne Hui Heng Chong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Tomoyuki Uchihara
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Benedict Shi Xiang Lian
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Taotao Sheng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Supriya Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Su Ting Tay
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Raghav Sundar
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Angie Lay Keng Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Xuewen Ong
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Minghui Lee
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Shamaine Wei Ting Ho
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joy Shijia Chua
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kalpana Ramnarayanan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Louis Ho Shing Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - Christopher Khor
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169854, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Wei Jie Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; SynCTI, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Stephen Kin Kwok Tsao
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Wei Lyn Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Ming Teh
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Hyunsoo Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jimmy Bok Yan So
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
| | - Patrick Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Singhealth/Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 168752, Singapore.
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Dilaghi E, Baldaro F, Pilozzi E, Conti L, Palumbo A, Esposito G, Annibale B, Lahner E. Pseudopyloric Metaplasia Is Not Associated With the Development of Gastric Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2021; 116:1859-1867. [PMID: 34313623 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Corpus atrophic gastritis (CAG) is associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and pseudopyloric metaplasia (PPM). Prospective data on corpus mucosa PPM and its link to the development of gastric cancer (GC) are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of corpus mucosa PPM at baseline and the development of GC at follow-up in patients with CAG. METHODS A longitudinal cohort study was conducted on patients with consecutive CAG adhering to endoscopic-histological surveillance. Patients were stratified for the presence/absence of corpus PPM without concomitant corpus IM at baseline, and the occurrence of gastric neoplastic lesions at the longest available follow-up was assessed. RESULTS A total of 292 patients with CAG with a follow-up of 4.2 (3-17) years were included. At baseline, corpus PPM without corpus IM was diagnosed in 62 patients (21.2%). At the follow-up, GC was detected in 5 patients (1.7%) and gastric dysplasia (GD) in 4 patients (1.4%). In all these 9 patients with GC/GD at the follow-up, corpus IM was present at baseline and follow-up. Age <50 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.5), absence of pernicious anemia (OR 4.3), and absence of severe corpus atrophy (OR 2.3) were associated with corpus PPM without corpus IM. DISCUSSION At the 4.2-year follow-up, in patients with CAG characterized at baseline with corpus PPM without corpus IM, GC or GD was not observed because these lesions were consistently associated with corpus IM. Corpus PPM without corpus IM was associated with younger age, absence of pernicious anemia, and severe corpus atrophy, suggesting a lower stage of disease progression. Corpus PPM alone seems not to be associated with GC, whose development seems to require the presence of corpus IM as a necessary step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Dilaghi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldaro
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pilozzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Annibale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Edith Lahner
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Histological changes associated with pyloric and pseudopyloric metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:489-496. [PMID: 32356024 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pyloric metaplasia (PM) and pseudopyloric metaplasia (PPM) are metaplastic changes resulting in pyloric-type glands in the gastric oxyntic mucosa that mainly occur in chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Focusing on PM and PPM, we classified the histological changes in gastric mucosa according to the Updated Sydney System, using 314 biopsy specimens of gastric greater curvature of the middle body before H. pylori eradication (HPE). Next, the numbers of PM and PPM glands were counted in 47 specimens, and subjects were followed up over 10 years after HPE. PPM was recognized jointly with inflammation, activity, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia, but PM was recognized more frequently than PPM as atrophy and intestinal metaplasia progressed. Both PM and PPM regressed significantly within 6 years after HPE. Additionally, we demonstrated that PM and PPM are not always coincident with spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM). In conclusion, PM and PPM are considered different modulations of the same line of differentiation, which are both reversible, with PM potentially emerging from PPM upon progression.
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Ye ZN, Zhang R, He XX, Xia HHX. Role of Helicobacter pylori-induced Antralization in Gastric Carcinogenesis and its Implications in Clinical Practice. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2019; xxx:1-9. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2019.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rubio CA, Jaramillo E, Suzuki G, Lagergren P, Nesi G. Antralization of the gastric mucosa of the incisura angularis and its gastrin expression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2008; 2:65-70. [PMID: 18830388 PMCID: PMC2491394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of antrum-type mucosa and gastrin expression in gastric biopsies from the incisura angularis was assessed in 60 consecutive patients having gastrointestinal symptoms. Following the recommendations from the updated Sydney System for the classification and grading of gastritis, two biopsies were taken from the antrum, one from the incisura and two from the corpus. Sections were stained with H&E, Giemsa and for gastrin. Gastrin-positive cells were semi-quantified as: 0 (none), </= 9, 10- 49 cells and >/=50 gastrin-labelled cells/40x field. Antrum-type mucosa at the incisura (called antralization) occurred in 30% of the biopsies without inflammation, but in 69% of those with H. pylori-induced gastritis, and in 64% of those with autoimmune gastritis. At the incisura, gastrin-labelled cells (>/=10) were found in 62% (18/29) of biopsies showing antralization, but in only 20% (3/15) of those having transitional-type mucosa (p<0.05) and in none of the 16 biopsies having fundic-type mucosa. The similarity in gastrin expression between the mucosa of the gastric antrum and the antral-type mucosa at the incisura substantiates the notion that antralization is a metaplastic transformation. The significantly higher frequency of antral-type mucosa at the incisura in patients with gastritis than in those without gastritis strongly suggests that chronic inflammation per se triggers antralization of the incisura, irrespective of the presence or absence of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Rubio
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Unit of Esophageal and Gastric Research (ESOGAR), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Xia HHX, Wong BCY, Zhang GS, Yang Y, Wyatt JM, Adams S, Cheung K, Lam SK, Talley NJ. Antralization of gastric incisura is topographically associated with increased gastric epithelial apoptosis and proliferation, but not with CagA seropositivity. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 19:1257-63. [PMID: 15482532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2004.03489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Helicobacter pylori infection is linked with increased antralization at the gastric incisura. The present study aimed to determine if antralization is associated with altered gastric epithelial apoptosis and proliferation and with seropositivity of the cytotoxin-associated gene product A (CagA) of H. pylori. METHODS Gastric biopsies taken from the antrum, incisura, body and fundus of 75 patients (34 male, 41 female; mean age 59.5 years) were used for diagnosis of H. pylori infection and assessments of histological changes. Apoptosis and Ki-67 expression in epithelial cells were determined for the antral, incisura and body biopsies by immunohistochemistry. Serum samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for anti-H. pylori and anti-CagA IgG antibodies. RESULTS Apoptotic index (AI) and Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) were greater in the presence (vs absence) of H. pylori infection at the antrum, incisura and body (all P < 0.001), and topographically associated with chronic gastritis and gastric atrophy/intestinal metaplasia at the antrum and incisura (all P < 0.001). Moreover, AI and PI were greater in the presence (vs absence) of antralization at the incisura (20.2 +/- 0.9 vs 11.4 +/- 0.1.1 and 48.9 +/- 2.5 vs 29.9 +/- 2.5, both P < 0.001). CagA seroprevalence was 41% in the 39 infected patients. CagA seropositivity was associated with gastric atrophy/intestinal metaplasia at the antrum (chi(2) = 4.67, P = 0.03) and incisura (chi(2) = 4.88, P = 0.03), but not associated with gastric epithelial apoptosis and Ki-67 expression, nor with antralization at the incisura. CONCLUSIONS Antralization of gastric incisura is topographically associated with increased gastric epithelial apoptosis and proliferation, but not with CagA seropositivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Hua-Xiang Xia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Stoicov C, Whary M, Rogers AB, Lee FS, Klucevsek K, Li H, Cai X, Saffari R, Ge Z, Khan IA, Combe C, Luster A, Fox JG, Houghton J. Coinfection Modulates Inflammatory Responses and Clinical Outcome ofHelicobacter felisandToxoplasma gondiiInfections. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:3329-36. [PMID: 15322196 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.5.3329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The host immune response plays a critical role in determining disease manifestations of chronic infections. Inadequate immune response may fail to control infection, although in other cases the specific immune response may be the cause of tissue damage and disease. The majority of patients with chronic infections are infected by more than one organism yet the interaction between multiple active infections is not known, nor is the impact on disease outcome clear. Using the BALB/c strain of mice, we show that Toxoplasma gondii infection in a host infected with Helicobacter felis alters the natural outcome of T. gondii infection, allowing uncontrolled tachyzoite replication and severe organ damage. Survival rates decrease from 95% in T. gondii infection alone to 50% in dual-infected mice. In addition, infection with T. gondii alters the specific H. felis immune response, converting a previously resistant host to a susceptible phenotype. Gastric mucosal IFN-gamma and IL-12 were significantly elevated and IL-10 substantially reduced in dual-infected mice. These changes were associated with severe gastric mucosal inflammation, parietal cell loss, atrophy, and metaplastic cell changes. These data demonstrate the profound interactions between the immune response to unrelated organisms, and suggest these types of interactions my impact clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Stoicov
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Xia HHX, Yang Y, Lam SK, Wong WM, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Elia G, Wright NA, Wong BCY. Aberrant epithelial expression of trefoil family factor 2 and mucin 6 in Helicobacter pylori infected gastric antrum, incisura, and body and its association with antralisation. J Clin Pathol 2004; 57:861-6. [PMID: 15280409 PMCID: PMC1770377 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2003.015487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine gastric expression of trefoil family factor 2 (TFF2) and MUC6 in Helicobacter pylori positive and negative subjects, and its association with antralisation at the gastric incisura. METHODS Gastric biopsies from the antrum, incisura, and body of 76 dyspeptic patients without ulcers were used for the determination of H. pylori infection, histological changes, and epithelial TFF2 and MUC6 expression. RESULTS In the foveola, the rates of TFF2 and MUC6 immunostaining were greater in H. pylori infected (n = 27) than in uninfected patients (n = 49) at the antrum (59.3% v 4.1% for TFF2 and 63.0% v 4.1% for MUC6; both p < 0.001) and incisura (44.4% v 2.0% for TFF2 and 48.1% v 0% for MUC6; both p < 0.001). In the deeper glands, the rates were also greater in H. pylori infected than in uninfected patients at the incisura (85.2% v 22.4% for both TFF2 and MUC6; p < 0.001). Antral-type mucosa was present at the incisura in 28 of the 76 patients. TFF2 and MUC6 expression in the foveola and deeper glands was significantly associated with antral-type mucosa, independent of H. pylori status. CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori infection increases the expression of TFF2 and MUC6 in the gastric epithelium. Aberrant TFF2 and MUC6 expression is associated with antralisation of gastric incisura.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H-X Xia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - S K Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - W M Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - S Y Leung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S T Yuen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - G Elia
- Histopathology Unit, Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - N A Wright
- Histopathology Unit, Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - B C-Y Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Zhang C, Liu ZK, Yu PW. Effect of Dansen on gastric mucosal Na +-K +-ATPase activity and gastric transmucosal potential difference during severe intraperitoneal infection in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:694-696. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i3.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of Dansen on gastric mucosal Na+-K+-ATPase activity and gastric transmucosal potential difference during severe intraperitoneal infection in rats.
METHODS: The intraperitoneal infection rat model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Assay of Na+-K+-ATPase activity in gastric mucosal tissue was conducted by biochemical method. The electric-physiological recorder was used to measure gastric mucosal potential difference.
RESULTS: The activity of Na+-K+-ATPase was markedly decreased in infected group at 3h after perforation, compared with the control group (P = 0.0 271 < 0.05). There was a minimum of Na+-K+-ATPase activity at 12h post-perforation in infected group (P = 0.0 062 < 0.01), only about 48.5% matched to the control group. Gastric transmucosal potential difference (GTPD) of infected group decreased significantly as compared with the control group (P = 0.0 253 < 0.05) at 6h after perforation, and rapidly dropped to the lowest at 12 h post-perforation (P = 0.0 025 < 0.01). At 12 h and 24 h after perforation, GTPD was lower in infected group than that in the control group (P = 0.0 293 < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The reduce of Na+-K+-ATPase activity may play an important role in gastric mucosal barrier damage following severe abdominal infection induced by CLP, and the application of Dansen in earlier period can prevent the occurrence of stress ulcer.
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Zhang Y, Fan XG, Tian XF, Huang Y. Influence of H. pylori on cyclinD1 and PCNA mRNA expression in HepG2 cell line. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:93-96. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the effects of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on cyclinD1 and PCNA mRNA expression in a human hepatoma cell line HepG2.
METHODS: H. pylori was co-cultured with HepG2 for 1, 3,6, 12 and 24 h. The cyclinD1 and PCNA mRNA expression was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
RESULTS: When HepG2 cells were cocultured with H. pylori CagA+ strain, the amount of cyclinD1 mRNA was increased 4.0-fold by 3 h and PCNA mRNA was increased 2.0-fold by 6 h, compared with that of uninfected control. Neither cyclinD1 mRNA nor PCNA mRNA of the HepG2 cells was increased after incubation with H. pylori CagA- strain.
CONCLUSION: H. pylori can induce increasing expression of cyclinD1 and PCNA mRNA in HepG2, which may play some roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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