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Zheng S, Chen X, Liu W, Li Z, Xiao M, Liu Y, Chen H. Association of loneliness and grey matter volume in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: the mediating role of interpersonal self-support traits. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:481-493. [PMID: 37277604 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a social and public health concern, loneliness is associated with an abundance of negative life outcomes such as depressive symptomatology, mortality, and sleep disturbance. Nevertheless, the neural basis underlying loneliness remains elusive; in addition, previous neuroimaging studies about loneliness mainly focused on the elderly and were limited by small sample sizes. Here, utilizing the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach via structural magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the association between brain GMV and loneliness in 462 young adults (67.7% females, age = 18.59 ± 1.14 years). Results from whole-brain VBM analyses revealed that individuals with higher loneliness tended to have greater GMV in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was thought to be associated with emotional regulation deficits and executive dysfunction. Importantly, the GMV-based predictive models (a machine-learning method) demonstrated that the correlation between loneliness and GMV in the DLPFC was robust. Further, interpersonal self-support traits (ISS), a Chinese indigenous personality construct and pivotal personality factor for resisting negative life outcomes, mediated the relationship between the GMV in the right DLPFC and loneliness. Taken together, the present study reveals that the GMV in right DLPFC acts as an underlying neurostructural correlate of loneliness in the healthy brain, and further provides a brain-personality-symptom pathway for protection against loneliness in which GMV of DLPFC affects loneliness through ISS traits. Future intervention procedures aiming to decrease loneliness and enhance mental health levels among young adults should be developed through improving interpersonal relationships such as social skills training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ximei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Weijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ziang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mingyue Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Zhao Z, Gobrogge K. Neurodevelopmental Model Explaining Associations between Sex Hormones, Personality, and Eating Pathology. Brain Sci 2023; 13:859. [PMID: 37371339 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical scientists have been investigating the relationships between sex hormones, personality, and eating disorders for decades. However, there is a lack of direct research that addresses whether personality mediates or moderates the relationships between sex hormones and eating pathology. Moreover, the neural mechanisms that underlie the interactive associations between these variables remain unclear. This review aims to summarize the associations between these constructs, describe a neural mechanism mediating these relationships, and offer clinical strategies for the early identification and intervention of eating disorders. The gathered evidence shows that aggressiveness, impulsivity, and obsessive-compulsiveness may mediate or moderate the relationships between sex hormones and eating pathology, but only among females. Furthermore, sex hormone receptor density in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway may explain the neural mechanism of these associations. Future research should use more comprehensive personality measurements and assess the mediation and moderation effects of temperament while taking the hormone levels of women across menstrual cycles into account. Additionally, electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging should be implemented to directly assess brain activity and corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhao
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kyle Gobrogge
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, College of Art & Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Wang X, Xia F, Wang G. Mediating effect of anxiety and depression between family function and hope in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:130. [PMID: 37098642 PMCID: PMC10127155 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the levels of hope in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), and whether anxiety and depression mediate the relationship between family function and hope. METHODS The family APGAR index, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and Herth hope index were recorded using the self-reported questionnaires completed by 227 MHD patients. RESULTS The family function can directly predict hope, positively predict hope through depression (β = 0.052, p = 0.001), and positively predict hope through the chain mediating of anxiety and depression (β = 0.087, p = 0.001), according to chain mediation analysis. The total effect size was 28.31%. The total indirect effect value was 0.139, and the total effect value was 0.491. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that family function had a direct impact on MHD patients' hope, and that lowering anxiety and depression can help to feel more hopeful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Wang
- Nursing Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fuhai Xia
- Nursing Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Hemodialysis Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, 430060, Hubei Province, China
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Xie H, Zhang F, Cao Y, Long X, Wu B, Gong Q, Jia Z. Brain default mode network mediates the association between negative perfectionism and exercise dependence. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:928-940. [PMID: 36112490 PMCID: PMC9872538 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Perfectionism is correlated with the occurrence of exercise dependence. We aim to reveal the role of functional connectivity (FC) between gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) networks in the association between perfectionism and exercise dependence. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, one hundred ten participants with exercise dependence underwent behavioral evaluation and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Perfectionism and exercise dependence were quantified using the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS). We used a K-means clustering algorithm to identify functional GM and WM networks and obtained the FCs of the GM-GM, GM-WM, and WM-WM networks. Partial correlation and mediation analyses were performed to explore the relationships among FCs, FMPS, and EDS. RESULTS We identified ten stable GM networks and nine WM networks. Of these, FCs existed between the corona radiata network (WM1) and default mode network (DMN, GM8), WM1 network and WM DMN (WM4), WM1 network and midbrain WM network (WM7), and WM4 network and inferior longitudinal fasciculus network (WM9). The WM1-GM8 and WM1-WM4 FCs were positively correlated with the EDS and negative FMPS. The mediating effects of the WM1-GM8 and WM1-WM4 FCs were established in the association between the negative dimensional FMPS and EDS. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The WM1 network anatomically linked the subregions within the GM8 and WM4 networks, and WM1-GM8 and WM1-WM4 FCs mediated the association between negative dimensional FMPS and EDS. These findings indicated that DMN function might be involved in the increased risks of exercise dependence promoted by negative perfectionism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xipeng Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Baolin Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, China,Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China,Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
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Rafaqat W, Sami A, Ibrahim MT, Ibad H, Awais S, Memon A, Shahbaz FF, Ahmed D, Zindani S, Leghari AL, Saleem S. Impact of Perfectionism and Resilience on Empathy in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Patient Exp 2022; 9:23743735221106603. [PMID: 35694014 PMCID: PMC9185014 DOI: 10.1177/23743735221106603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Empathy is a cognitive attribute that forms the cornerstone for good
doctor–patient encounters. The formative period for the development of empathy
toward patients begins with clinical encounters within medical school. An
individual medical student's empathy levels may in part be a product of their
resilience and perfectionist attitudes. A cross-sectional study with 320 medical
students across all years of study was conducted to determine the correlation of
perfectionism and resilience with clinical empathy in medical students. The
JSE-S, CD-RISC 10, and APS-R scales were used to assess levels of empathy,
resilience, and perfectionism, respectively. The study found that a positive
correlation exists between resilience (r = 0.174) and academic
year with empathy, and a negative correlation exists between maladaptive
perfectionism and empathy (r = −0.138). The resilience score
declined progressively as the year of study progressed with a statistically
significant. Mean empathy scores were lowest in fifth-year students
(96.8 ± 12.5) and highest in third-year students (107.8 ± 13.2). Further
longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand the impact of resilience
and perfectionism on empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sarah Saleem
- Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Luo H, Xu X, Gao H, Zhang J, Zhang Z. Relationship of Anxiety and Depression with Perfectionism in Patients with Aesthetic All-Ceramic Repair of Anterior Teeth. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931593. [PMID: 34718320 PMCID: PMC8565097 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many psychological problems arising from patients undergoing aesthetic repair of teeth should be considered. However, there are no published studies on the relationship between anxiety/depression and perfectionism in patients with aesthetic repair of anterior teeth. Material/Methods A total of 640 patients receiving aesthetic repair of anterior teeth were assessed using the Corah dental anxiety scale (CDAS), a self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), a self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the Chinese version of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Psychological Scale (CFMPS). Statistical analyses included use of the independent-samples t test, correlation analysis, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results We found that 156 patients with a high dental anxiety disorder had significantly greater SAS and SDS scores than those without a high dental anxiety disorder. There were significant differences between these patients and the non-high dental anxiety group, based on 3 dimensions of the CFMPS: concern over mistakes (CM), doubt about action (DA), and organization (OR). Patients with dental anxiety had a significant positive correlation with SAS in the categories CM and DA, with SDS in the categories CM and DA, and with personal standard (PS); OR was negatively correlated with SAS and SDS scores. Regression analysis showed that the CM and OR dimension scores of CFMPS and age had strong predictive effects on SAS scores, while CM, DA, PS dimension scores, and age were strong predictors of SDS scores. Conclusions The incidence of dental anxiety prior to anterior tooth repair treatment is high, and patients with dental anxiety have a significant tendency toward pursuing perfectionism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xuefei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Hai Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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An Examination of the Relationship Between Perfectionism and Neurological Functioning. J Cogn Psychother 2021; 35:195-211. [PMID: 34362859 DOI: 10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinical perfectionism is the rigid pursuit of high standards, interfering with functioning. Little research has explored neural patterns in clinical perfectionism. The present study explores neural correlates of clinical perfectionism, before and after receiving ten 50-minute, weekly sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), as compared to low-perfectionist controls, in specific cortical structures: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), right inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Participants in the perfectionist condition (n = 43) were from a randomized controlled trial evaluating ACT for clinical perfectionism and low-perfectionist controls were undergraduate students (n = 12). Participants completed three tasks (editing a passage, mirror image tracing, circle tracing) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure neural activation. Results indicate that ḥin the DLPFC and MPFC of the perfectionists whereas activation in the other tasks were relatively similar. There were no differences were observed in the right DLPFC, MPFC, and right IPL between the posttreatment perfectionist and nonperfectionist control groups. Our findings suggest an unclear relationship between neural activation and perfectionism.
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Wimmer L, Bellingrath S, von Stockhausen L. Mindfulness Training for Improving Attention Regulation in University Students: Is It Effective? and Do Yoga and Homework Matter? Front Psychol 2020; 11:719. [PMID: 32411045 PMCID: PMC7202325 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of mindfulness training on attention regulation in university students and whether the potential benefits of implementation are influenced by the yoga component of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) and/or by MBI homework practice. In a non-randomized trial with pre- and post-assessments, n = 180 university students were allocated to either mindfulness training (experimental groups), awareness activities (active control group), or no training (passive control group). Mindfulness was taught through two MBIs, one including yoga and the other excluding yoga. Attention regulation was operationalized via behavioral indicators, namely sustained attention, cognitive flexibility, cognitive inhibition, and data-driven information processing. With the exception of speed in a cognitive flexibility task, the results indicated no systematic or differential advantage arising from mindfulness training, with or without yoga, regarding the aspects of attention regulation. There was no consistent influence of homework quantity or quality. The implications for mindfulness training in academic contexts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Wimmer
- Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Silja Bellingrath
- Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Hsiao YY, Chang WH, Ma IC, Wu CL, Chen PS, Yang YK, Lin CH. Long-Term PTSD Risks in Emergency Medical Technicians Who Responded to the 2016 Taiwan Earthquake: A Six-Month Observational Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244983. [PMID: 31817877 PMCID: PMC6950686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although several factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in disaster rescue workers were identified in previous studies, the results were inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the prognostic factors of PTSD among disaster rescuers using different screening tools. A 6.4 magnitude earthquake struck southern Taiwan on February 6, 2016. Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who responded to the earthquake were recruited. The initial survey was conducted one month after the earthquake using a standardized, self-reported, paper-based questionnaire. After six months, we re-evaluated the EMTs using the same questionnaire that was used in the baseline survey. A total of 38 EMT-paramedics were enrolled in the final analysis. Significant differences in PTSD scores at baseline existed between EMTs with and without certain risk factors. The interaction between survey time and risk factors was not significant, but several risk factors correlated with a nonsignificant improvement in the PTSD score after the 6-month follow-up. Perfectionism personality characteristics and several specific field experiences (managing injured patients, managing dead victims, managing dead victims who were pregnant, managing emotionally distraught families, or guilty feelings during the missions) might affect different subdomains of PTSD symptom improvement. Disaster rescuers should be followed up after their missions, regardless of their age, gender, or previous experience with disaster response. EMTs with certain personality characteristics or who are involved in specific field operations should be carefully monitored during and after disaster rescue missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Ying Hsiao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan; (Y.Y.H.); (W.H.C.); (P.S.C.); (Y.K.Y.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan; (Y.Y.H.); (W.H.C.); (P.S.C.); (Y.K.Y.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I Chun Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Long Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan;
| | - Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan; (Y.Y.H.); (W.H.C.); (P.S.C.); (Y.K.Y.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan; (Y.Y.H.); (W.H.C.); (P.S.C.); (Y.K.Y.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Vanstone DM, Hicks RE. Transitioning to university: Coping styles as mediators between adaptive-maladaptive perfectionism and test anxiety. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Stress Regulation, Physical Activity, and Perseverance in Spanish Teenagers with Perfectionist Trends. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10051489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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