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Fu L, Li X, Lin L, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Yan S, He C, Wang Q. Study on Microstructure Evolution Mechanism of Gradient Structure Surface of AA7075 Aluminum Alloy by Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5616. [PMID: 37629906 PMCID: PMC10456647 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The materials with grain size gradient variation on the surface, which were prepared with mechanical-induced severe plastic deformation, always show high resistance to high and low cycle fatigue and frictional wear because of their good strength-ductility synergy. The ultrasonic surface rolling treatment (USRT) has the advantages of high processing efficiency, good surface quality, and large residual compressive stress introduced to the surface after treatment. The USRT was used to prepare aluminum alloy (AA7075) samples with a surface gradient structure; meanwhile, the microstructural evolution mechanism of the deformation layers on the gradient structure was studied with XRD, SEM, and TEM. The microstructure with gradient distribution of grain size and dislocation density formed on the surface of AA7075 aluminum alloy after USRT. The surface layer consists of nanocrystals with random orientation distribution, and high-density dislocation cells and subgrains formed in some grains in the subsurface layer, while the center of the material is an undeformed coarse-grained matrix. The results show that the dislocation slip dominates the grain refinement process, following the continuous cutting and refinement of dislocation cells, subgrains, and fragmentation of the second precipitates. This study systematically clarified the mechanism of grain refinement and nanocrystallization on the surface of high-strength aluminum alloys and laid a theoretical foundation for further research on mechanical behavior and surface friction and wear properties of high-strength non-ferrous materials with gradient structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.F.); (X.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
- Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention, Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiulan Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.F.); (X.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Li Lin
- Vanadium and Titanium Resource Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Panzhihua 617000, China;
- Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Zhengguo Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.F.); (X.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
- Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China;
| | - Yunrong Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.F.); (X.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shisen Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.F.); (X.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Chao He
- Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention, Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qingyuan Wang
- Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention, Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, China
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Controllable Martensite Transformation and Strain-Controlled Fatigue Behavior of a Gradient Nanostructured Austenite Stainless Steel. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081870. [PMID: 34443701 PMCID: PMC8400577 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gradient nanostructured (GNS) surface layer with a controllable martensite fraction has been synthesized on 316L austenitic stainless steel by means of surface mechanical rolling treatment (SMRT) with temperature being controlled. The mean grain size is in the nanometer scale in the near-surface layer and increases gradually with depth. In addition, the volume fraction of martensite decreases from ~85% to 0 in the near-surface layer while the SMRT temperature increases from room temperature to 175 °C. Fatigue experiments showed that the strain-controlled fatigue properties of the GNS samples are significantly enhanced at total strain amplitudes ≥0.5%, especially in those with a dual-phase surface layer of austenite and pre-formed martensite. Analyses on fatigue mechanisms illustrated that the GNS surface layer enhances the strength-ductility synergy and suppresses the formation of surface fatigue defects during fatigue. In addition, the dual-phase structure promotes the formation of martensite and stacking faults, further enhancing fatigue properties at high strain amplitudes.
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Qiu J, Pan T, Peng M, Chen M, Xu J, Wang J, Wan Y, Hu J. Enhanced Physicochemical and Biological Properties of a Low-Temperature Copperized Layer on Gradient Nanograined Pure Titanium. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3524-3531. [PMID: 35014437 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The application of titanium as medical implants is limited to a certain extent due to its insufficient corrosion resistance, biological activity, and antibacterial ability. In this work, a gradient nanograined (GNG) layer was fabricated on the titanium surface by surface ultrasonic rolling treatment (SURT). The subsequent copperizing kinetics was greatly enhanced so that a thick copperized layer could be obtained on the surface of GNG Ti at a relatively low diffusion temperature (450 °C). Meanwhile, the GNG structure accelerated the release rate of Cu2+, which endows GNG Cu/Ti with strong antibacterial activity. Moreover, the corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility of GNG Cu/Ti were also evidently improved compared with coarse-grained Ti, indicating a good biomedical application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Mengxia Peng
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Mian Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yizao Wan
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
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Zhu S, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Liang C, Cao N, Yan M, Gao F, Liu J, Wang W. Bioinformatics analysis and identification of circular RNAs promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on titanium treated by surface mechanical attrition. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9292. [PMID: 32742764 PMCID: PMC7365136 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze and identify the circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on titanium by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). METHODS The experimental material was SMAT titanium and the control material was annealed titanium. Cell Counting Kits-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation of hBMSCs, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs on the sample surfaces. The bioinformatics prediction software miwalk3.0 was used to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks by predicting circRNAs with osteogenesis-related messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). The circRNAs located at the key positions in the networks were selected and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR). RESULTS Compared with annealed titanium, SMAT titanium could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. The total number of predicted circRNAs was 51. Among these, 30 circRNAs and 8 miRNAs constituted 6 ceRNA networks. Circ-LTBP2 was selected for verification. QRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of hsa_circ_0032599, hsa_circ_0032600 and hsa_circ_0032601 were upregulated in the experimental group compared with those in the control group; the differential expression of hsa_circ_0032600 was the most obvious and statistically significant, with a fold change (FC) = 4.25 ± 1.60, p-values (p) < 0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Nanjue Cao
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department 1 of Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wang W, Wang Z, Fu Y, Dunne N, Liang C, Luo X, Liu K, Li X, Pang X, Lu K. Improved osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells on gradient nanostructured Ti surface. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1824-1833. [PMID: 32388898 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and Ti-based alloys are widely used in the manufacture of dental and orthopedic implants. However, how to improve their osteogenic differentiation ability is still a key issue to be resolved. In this study, gradient nanostructured surface (GNS) samples were prepared by surface mechanical grinding treatment, and coarse-grained (CG) samples were obtained by recrystallization annealing, making sure that the two kinds of specimens had similar roughness. Then, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) were cocultured with the two kinds of Ti to investigate the material effects on the cellular functions. The results demonstrated that the grains with size ~56 nm were formed on the surface of the GNS Ti, and the grain size gradually increases from the sample surface to interior. Compared to the CG samples, the GNS ones could make the adhesion effect of the hAMSCs better, and promote the cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation more significantly, the preliminary mechanism of which might be due to their specific nanostructure, the thicker oxide layer formed on their surface and the enhanced hardness. Our results indicated that the gradient nanostructured Ti materials could enhance both osteogenic differentiation and mechanical properties, which may possess broader applications in bone tissue engineering and clinical implanting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yating Fu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Keda Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xining Pang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
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