1
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Luo LS, Hou SM, Lu J, Zhang Q, Sha F, Wu XY. Cu-Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective Vinylogous Mannich Reaction between β,γ-Unsaturated Pyrazoleamides and Ketimines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2582-2587. [PMID: 38284164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric vinylogous Mannich-type reaction between β,γ-unsaturated amides and ketimines has been developed in excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities. The methodology provides an efficient approach to construct chiral homoallylic amines with a 3-amino-2-oxindole scaffold. Moreover, the transformations of the chiral products, including the removal of the pyrazole group or Boc group, the reduction of the C-C double bond, and Suzuki coupling, have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Shan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Si-Meng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Feng Sha
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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2
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Wang Q, Li S, Yang G, Zou X, Yin X, Feng J, Chen H, Yang C, Zhang L, Lu C, Yue G. DABCO-Catalyzed Mono-/Diallylation of N-Unsubstituted Isatin N,N′-Cyclic Azomethine Imine 1,3-Dipoles with Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073002. [PMID: 37049765 PMCID: PMC10095907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Allylation of N-unsubstituted isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imines with Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates in the presence of 1–10 mol% DABCO in DCM at room temperature, rapidly gave N-allylated and N, β-diallylated isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles in moderate to high yields. The reaction features mild reaction conditions, easily practical operation, and short reaction times in most cases. Furthermore, the alkylated products were transformed into novel bicyclic spiropyrrolidine oxoindole derivatives through the [3+2] or [3+3]-cycloaddition with maleimides or Knoevenagel adducts.
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3
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Yamada K, Kondo Y, Kitamura A, Kadota T, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. Organocatalytic Direct Enantioselective Hydrophosphonylation of N-Unsubstituted Ketimines for the Synthesis of α-Aminophosphonates. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Kondo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kadota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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4
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Suzuki H, Kondo S, Yamada K, Matsuda T. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Reductive Mannich-type Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids to Ketimines: A Direct Entry to Unprotected β 2,3,3 -Amino Acids. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202575. [PMID: 36341524 PMCID: PMC10107894 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective construction of unprotected β-amino acids is a significant challenge owing to the lack of methods for the catalytic generation of highly enantioenriched carboxylic acid enolates. In this study, a novel copper-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective reductive Mannich-type reaction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids was developed, which provides a direct and scalable synthetic method for enantioenriched β2,3,3 -amino acids with vicinal stereogenic centers. The protocol features in situ generation of transiently protected carboxylic acids by a hydrosilane and their diastereo- and enantioselective reductive coupling with ketimines. The synthetic utility of this process was demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction and the transformation of β-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sora Kondo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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5
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Azaz T, Mourya H, Singh V, Ram B, Tiwari B. Reductive Alkenylation of Ketimines via Hydride Transfer from Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:632-639. [PMID: 36475729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first direct N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed preparation of allylic amines bearing a quaternary center (α-tertiary amine) from isatin-derived ketimines in the presence of vinyl selenones and aldehydes is reported. This multicomponent reaction is expected to proceed via unprecedented in situ reduction of imines through a hydride transfer from the aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazeen Azaz
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Hemlata Mourya
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bali Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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6
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Pellissier H. Recent developments in enantioselective nickel( ii)-catalyzed conjugate additions. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01047j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review updates the field of enantioselective nickel-catalyzed conjugate additions since 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Pellissier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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7
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Kaur J, Preet Kaur B, Islam N, Chauhan P, Singh Chimni S. Stereoselective Mannich Reaction of
α
‐Acetoxy‐
β
‐keto Esters with Isatin Imine: An Efficient Access to Vicinal Tetra‐Substituted Stereocenters. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry Khalsa College Amritsar 143001 India
| | - Banni Preet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, U.G.C. Centre of Advance Studies in Chemistry Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Nasarul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College Bandipora 193502 India
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jagti PO Nagrota, NH-44 Jammu 181 221 India
| | - Swapandeep Singh Chimni
- Department of Chemistry, U.G.C. Centre of Advance Studies in Chemistry Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 India
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8
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Kadota T, Sawa M, Kondo Y, Morimoto H, Ohshima T. Catalytic Enantioselective Strecker Reaction of Isatin-Derived N-Unsubstituted Ketimines. Org Lett 2021; 23:4553-4558. [PMID: 34029103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic enantioselective Strecker reaction of isatin-derived N-unsubstituted ketimines directly afforded the N-unprotected α-aminonitriles with a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter in up to 99% ee without requiring protection/deprotection steps. One-pot Strecker reactions from the parent carbonyl compounds were also realized with comparable yields and enantioselectivities. Direct transformations of the N-unprotected α-aminonitrile products streamlined the synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives and achieved the shortest one-pot stereoselective routes to a biologically active compound reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kadota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masanao Sawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Kondo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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9
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Yue G, Jiang D, Dou Z, Li S, Feng J, Zhang L, Chen H, Yang C, Yin Z, Song X, Liang X, Wang X, Lu C. Rapid umpolung Michael addition of isatin N, N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with chalcones. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00960e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3,3-Disubstituted oxindoles were prepared rapidly in moderate to excellent yields with promising dr values by the t-BuONa-promoted Michael addition.
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10
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Li G, Liu M, Zou S, Feng X, Lin L. A Bispidine-Based Chiral Amine Catalyst for Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Ketones with Isatin Ketimines. Org Lett 2020; 22:8708-8713. [PMID: 33074003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A unique chiral amine organocatalyst with a bispidine structure was found to be efficient for the diastereo- and enantioselective Mannich reaction of isatin ketimines with ketones. A series of 3-substituted 3-amino-2-oxindoles bearing vicinal tertiary and quaternary chiral stereogenic centers were obtained in excellent yields with excellent dr and ee values. The gram-scale synthesis and transformation of the product showed the practicability of this methodology. In addition, a possible transition state model was proposed to explain the origin of the stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mohuizi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Sijia Zou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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11
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Yonesaki R, Kusagawa I, Morimoto H, Hayashi T, Ohshima T. Rhodium(I)/Chiral Diene‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Boronic Acids to
N
‐Unsubstituted Isatin‐Derived Ketimines. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:499-502. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yonesaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu University Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Ibuki Kusagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu University Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu University Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Tamio Hayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu University Maidashi 3-1-1 Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
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12
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Martín L, Maestro A, Andrés JM, Pedrosa R. Bifunctional thiourea-modified polymers of intrinsic microporosity for enantioselective α-amination of 3-aryl-2-oxindoles in batch and flow conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9275-9283. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01373k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A multigram scale preparation of enantioenriched 3-aryl-3-amino-2-oxindoles promoted by a novel chiral bifunctional thiourea, readily prepared from polymers of intrinsic microporosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martín
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Valladolid. Paseo de Belén 7
- Valladolid
- Spain
| | - Alicia Maestro
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Valladolid. Paseo de Belén 7
- Valladolid
- Spain
| | - José M. Andrés
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Valladolid. Paseo de Belén 7
- Valladolid
- Spain
| | - Rafael Pedrosa
- Instituto CINQUIMA and Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Valladolid. Paseo de Belén 7
- Valladolid
- Spain
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13
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Cai L, Liu X, Wang J, Chen L, Li X, Cheng JP. Enantioselective and regioselective aza-Friedel–Crafts reaction of electron-rich phenols with isatin-derived ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10361-10364. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04966b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient asymmetric aza-Friedel–Crafts reaction of phenols with isatin-derived ketimines is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
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14
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Hu WT, Li XY, Gui WT, Yu JY, Wen W, Guo QX. Chiral Bis(oxazoline)–Copper Complex Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkenylation of Isatin Imines and 3-Vinylindoles for Construction of Optically Active 3-Alkenyl-3-aminooxindoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:10090-10093. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wu-Tao Gui
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qi-Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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15
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Fan Y, Lu J, Sha F, Li Q, Wu XY. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Glycine Schiff Bases to Ketimines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11639-11648. [PMID: 31449410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction between glycine Schiff bases and ketimines has been developed. This method afforded 2-oxindole-based chiral syn-α,β-diamino acid derivatives in high yields (89-99%) with good to excellent diastereoselectivities (≤98:2 dr) and excellent enantioselectivities (95-99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China
| | - Feng Sha
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China
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16
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17
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Lu J, Fan Y, Sha F, Li Q, Wu XY. Copper-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction between N-acylpyrazoles and isatin-derived ketimines. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00575g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction between N-acylpyrazoles and isatin-derived ketimines is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Fan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Sha
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
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