1
|
Wili N, Hintz H, Vanas A, Godt A, Jeschke G. Distance measurement between trityl radicals by pulse dressed electron paramagnetic resonance with phase modulation. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2020; 1:75-87. [PMID: 37904888 PMCID: PMC10500722 DOI: 10.5194/mr-1-75-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Distance measurement in the nanometre range is among the most important applications of pulse electron paramagnetic resonance today, especially in biological applications. The longest distance that can be measured by all presently used pulse sequences is determined by the phase memory time T m of the observed spins. Here we show that one can measure the dipolar coupling during strong microwave irradiation by using an appropriate frequency- or phase-modulation scheme, i.e. by applying pulse sequences in the nutating frame. This decouples the electron spins from the surrounding nuclear spins and thus leads to significantly longer relaxation times of the microwave-dressed spins (i.e. the rotating frame relaxation times T 1 ρ and T 2 ρ ) compared to T m . The electron-electron dipolar coupling is not decoupled as long as both spins are excited, which can be implemented for trityl radicals at Q-band frequencies (35 GHz, 1.2 T). We show results for two bis-trityl rulers with inter-electron distances of about 4.1 and 5.3 nm and discuss technical challenges and possible next steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nino Wili
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Hintz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Agathe Vanas
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Keller K, Ritsch I, Hintz H, Hülsmann M, Qi M, Breitgoff FD, Klose D, Polyhach Y, Yulikov M, Godt A, Jeschke G. Accessing distributions of exchange and dipolar couplings in stiff molecular rulers with Cu(ii) centres. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21707-21730. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03105d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel approaches to quantitatively analyse distributed exchange couplings are described and tested on experimental data sets for stiff synthetic molecules.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fujita H, Yamashita R, Fujii T, Yamada K, Kitamura M, Kunishima M. Preparation of Alkyl Ethers with Diallyltriazinedione-Type Alkylating Agents (ATTACKs-R) Under Acid Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Fujita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| | - Rina Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| | - Takanori Fujii
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| | - Kohei Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| | - Masanori Kitamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| | - Munetaka Kunishima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hintz H, Vanas A, Klose D, Jeschke G, Godt A. Trityl Radicals with a Combination of the Orthogonal Functional Groups Ethyne and Carboxyl: Synthesis without a Statistical Step and EPR Characterization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3304-3320. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Hintz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Agathe Vanas
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Klose
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ritsch I, Hintz H, Jeschke G, Godt A, Yulikov M. Improving the accuracy of Cu(ii)–nitroxide RIDME in the presence of orientation correlation in water-soluble Cu(ii)–nitroxide rulers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9810-9830. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06573j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Detailed analysis of artefacts in the Cu(ii)–nitroxide RIDME experiments, related to orientation averaging, echo-crossing, ESEEM and background-correction is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ritsch
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Henrik Hintz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2)
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2)
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Masai H, Fujihara T, Tsuji Y, Terao J. Programmed Synthesis of Molecular Wires with Fixed Insulation and Defined Length Based on Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) and Permethylated α-Cyclodextrins. Chemistry 2017; 23:15073-15079. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Present address: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Chiba 277-8561 Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Fujihara
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yasushi Tsuji
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Art and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Demay-Drouhard P, Chamoreau LM, Guillot R, Policar C, Bertrand HC. Synthesis of Homoditopic Ligands with an Incrementable Rodlike Backbone. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Demay-Drouhard
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Lise-Marie Chamoreau
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS UMR 8232; 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d′Orsay; Université Paris-Sud; UMR CNRS 8182, Université Paris-Saclay; 91405 Orsay France
| | - Clotilde Policar
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Hélène C. Bertrand
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure; PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06; Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM); 24 rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi M, Hülsmann M, Godt A. Spacers for Geometrically Well-Defined Water-Soluble Molecular Rulers and Their Application. J Org Chem 2016; 81:2549-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mian Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Center for Molecular Materials (MC2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße
25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Miriam Hülsmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Center for Molecular Materials (MC2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße
25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Center for Molecular Materials (MC2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße
25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fimmel B, Son M, Sung YM, Grüne M, Engels B, Kim D, Würthner F. Phenylene Ethynylene-Tethered Perylene Bisimide Folda-Dimer and Folda-Trimer: Investigations on Folding Features in Ground and Excited States. Chemistry 2014; 21:615-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
10
|
Jenny NM, Mayor M, Eaton TR. Phenyl–Acetylene Bond Assembly: A Powerful Tool for the Construction of Nanoscale Architectures. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M. Jenny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, Fax: +41‐61‐267‐1016
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, Fax: +41‐61‐267‐1016
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, P. O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas R. Eaton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, Fax: +41‐61‐267‐1016
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Huang P. A rapid and efficient synthetic route to terminal arylacetylenes by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide- and methanol-catalyzed cleavage of 4-aryl-2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ols. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:426-31. [PMID: 21512597 PMCID: PMC3079113 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide with methanol as an additive was found to be a highly active catalyst for the cleavage of 4-aryl-2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ols. The reaction was performed at 55–75 °C and gave terminal arylacetylenes in good to excellent yields within several minutes. Compared with the usual reaction conditions (normally >110 °C, several hours), this novel catalyst system can dramatically decrease the reaction time under much milder conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Polymer Materials and Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jeschke G, Sajid M, Schulte M, Ramezanian N, Volkov A, Zimmermann H, Godt A. Flexibility of shape-persistent molecular building blocks composed of p-phenylene and ethynylene units. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:10107-17. [PMID: 20590116 DOI: 10.1021/ja102983b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ethynylene and p-phenylene are frequently employed constitutional units in constructing the backbone of nanoscopic molecules with specific shape and mechanical or electronic function. How well these properties are defined depends on the flexibility of the backbone, which can be characterized via the end-to-end distance distribution. This distribution is accessible by pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) distance measurements between spin labels that are attached at the backbone. Four sets of oligomers with different sequences of p-phenylene and ethynylene units and different spin labels were prepared using polar tagging as a tool for simple isolation of the targeted compounds. By variation of backbone length, of the sequence of p-phenylene and ethynylene units, and of the spin labels a consistent coarse-grained model for backbone flexibility of oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)s and oligo(p-phenylenebutadiynylene)s is obtained. The relation of this harmonic segmented chain model to the worm-like chain model for shape-persistent polymers and to atomistic molecular dynamics simulations is discussed. Oligo(p-phenylenebutadiynylene)s are found to be more flexible than oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)s, but only slightly so. The end-to-end distance distribution measured in a glassy state of the solvent at a temperature of 50 K is found to depend on the glass transition temperature of the solvent. In the range between 91 and 373 K this dependence is in quantitative agreement with expectations for flexibility due to harmonic bending. For the persistence lengths at 298 K our data predict values of (13.8 +/- 1.5) nm for poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s and of (11.8 +/- 1.5) nm for poly(p-phenylenebutadiynylene)s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|