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Singh RS, Kaur N, Singh D, Bajaj BK, Kennedy JF. Downstream processing and structural confirmation of pullulan - A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:553-564. [PMID: 35354070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pullulan is a microbial polymer, commercially produced from Aureobasidium pullulans. Downstream processing of pullulan involves a multi-stage process which should be efficient, safe and reproducible. In liquid-liquid separations, firstly cell free extract is separated. Cell biomass can be separated after fermentation either by centrifugation or filtration. Due to practically insolubility of pullulan in organic solvents, ethanol and isopropanol are the most commonly used organic solvents for its recovery. Pullulan can also be purified by chromatographic techniques, but these are not cost effective for the purification of pullulan. Efficient aqueous two-phase system can be used for the purification of pullulan. The current review describes the methods and perspectives used for solid-liquid separation, liquid-liquid separations and finishing steps for the recovery of pullulan. Techniques used to determine the structural attributes of pullulan have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrates and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India.
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- Carbohydrates and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India
| | - Dhandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India
| | - Bijender K Bajaj
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu 180 006, India
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories Ltd, WR15 8SG Tenbury Wells, United Kingdom
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2
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Liu XL, Zhu CF, Liu HC, Zhu JM. Quantitative analysis of degree of substitution/molar substitution of etherified polysaccharide derivatives. Des Monomers Polym 2022; 25:75-88. [PMID: 35341117 PMCID: PMC8956314 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2054118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the unique properties such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, availability from renewable resources, and cost-effectiveness, polysaccharides play a very important part in the science and technology field. The various chemically modified derivatives of these offer a wide range of high value-added in both food and non-food industries. Among the chemical modification, etherified polysaccharide is one of the most widespread derivatives by introducing an ether group which is commonly stable in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Hydroxyalkylation, alkylation, carboxymethylation, cationization, and cyanoethylation are some of the modifications commonly employed to prepare polysaccharides ethers derivatives. There also has been a growing tendency for creating new types of modification by combining the different means of chemical techniques. The correct determination of degree of substitution (DS)/molar substitution (MS) is crucially important. The objective of this article is to summarize developments in synthetic etherified polysaccharides, involving analytical methods for determination of MS/DS, measurement processes, and the associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Han-Chun Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
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3
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Omar-Aziz M, Yarmand MS, Khodaiyan F, Mousavi M, Gharaghani M, Kennedy JF, Hosseini SS. Chemical modification of pullulan exopolysaccharide by octenyl succinic anhydride: Optimization, physicochemical, structural and functional properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3485-3495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Laksee S, Sansanaphongpricha K, Puthong S, Sangphech N, Palaga T, Muangsin N. New organic/inorganic nanohybrids of targeted pullulan derivative/gold nanoparticles for effective drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:561-577. [PMID: 32553955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop new organic/inorganic nanohybrids of targeted pullulan derivative/gold nanoparticles (FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs) to improve the selectivity and efficacy of drugs. The chemical structure of targeted pullulan derivative, folic acid-decorated para-aminobenzoic acid-quat188-pullulan (FA-PABA-Q188-PUL), was designed for reducing, stabilizing, capping, and functionalizing AuNPs. Here, the key factors, including pH, temperature, and FA-PABA-Q188-PUL concentrations, were systematically optimized to control the morphology, size, and functionalization of multifunctional FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs. Spherical FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs obtained by a green, simple, and bio-inspired strategy under the optimum conditions were thoroughly characterized and had an average size of 12.6 ± 1.5 nm. The anticancer drug DOX was successfully loaded on monodispersed FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs and the system exhibited excellent intracellular uptake, specificity, and physicochemical properties. The pH-responsive DOX release from FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX showed fast release (85% after 72 h) under acidic conditions. Furthermore, FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX enhanced the anticancer activity of DOX toward Chago-k1 cancer cells up to 4.8-fold and showed less cytotoxicity toward normal cells than free DOX. The FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs-DOX induced the death of cells by increasing late apoptotic cells (26.4%) and arresting the cell cycle at S-G2/M phases. These results showed that innovative FA-PABA-Q188-PUL@AuNPs should be considered as new candidate platforms for anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchai Laksee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Kanokwan Sansanaphongpricha
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Antibody Production Research Unit, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Naunpun Sangphech
- Interdepartment of Medical Microbiology Graduate Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Gericke M, Schulze P, Heinze T. Nanoparticles Based on Hydrophobic Polysaccharide Derivatives-Formation Principles, Characterization Techniques, and Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e1900415. [PMID: 32090505 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide (PS) nanoparticles (NP) are fascinating materials that combine huge application potential with the unique beneficial features of natural biopolymers. Different types of PS-NP can be distinguished depending on the basic preparation principles (top-down vs bottom-up vs coating of nanomaterials) and the material from which they are obtained (native PS vs chemically modified PS derivatives vs nanocomposites). This review provides a comprehensive overview of an approach towards PS-NP that has gained rapidly increasing interest within the last decade; the nanoself-assembling of hydrophobic PS derivatives. This facile process is easy to perform and offers a broad structural diversity in terms of the PS backbone and the additional functionalities that can be introduced. Fundamental principles of different NP preparation techniques along with useful characterization methods are presented in this work. A comprehensive summary of PS-NP prepared by different techniques and with various PS backbones and types/amounts of hydrophobic substituents is given. The intention is to demonstrate how different parameters determine the size, size distribution, and zeta-potential of the particles. Moreover, application trends in biomedical areas are highlighted in which tailored functional PS-NP are evaluated and constantly developed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gericke
- Centre of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Schulze
- Centre of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Centre of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany
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6
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Pinho AC, Vieira Branquinho M, Alvites RD, Fonseca AC, Caseiro AR, Santos Pedrosa S, Luís AL, Pires I, Prada J, Muratori L, Ronchi G, Geuna S, Santos JD, Maurício AC, Serra AC, Coelho JFJ. Dextran-based tube-guides for the regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve after neurotmesis injury. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:798-811. [PMID: 31904045 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, dextran-based nerve tube-guides were prepared, characterized and used in a standardized animal model of neurotmesis injury. Non-porous and porous transparent tube-guides were obtained by photocrosslinking of two co-macromonomers based on dextran and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). Swelling capacity of the tube-guides ranged from 40-60% with no visible constriction of their inner diameter. In vitro hydrolytic degradation tests showed that the tube-guides maintained their structural integrity up to 6 months. The in vivo performance of the tube-guides was evaluated by entubulation of the rat sciatic nerve after a neurotmesis injury, with a 10 mm-gap between the nerve stumps. The results showed that the tube-guides were able to promote the regeneration of the nerve in a similar manner to what was observed with conventional techniques (nerve graft and end-to-end suture). Stereological analysis proved that nerve regeneration occurred, and both tube-guides presented fibre diameter and g-ratio closer to healthy sciatic nerves. The histomorphometric analysis of Tibialis anterior (TA) skeletal muscle showed decreased neurogenic atrophy in the porous tube-guides treated group, presenting measurements that are similar to the uninjured control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Pinho
- CEMMPRE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Vieira Branquinho
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Damásio Alvites
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Clotilde Fonseca
- CEMMPRE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita Caseiro
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal and Vasco da Gama University School/Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes 197, Campus Universitário - Bloco B, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Santos Pedrosa
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Luís
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- CECAV and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- CECAV and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luísa Muratori
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation and Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation and Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- CECAV and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Domingos Santos
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Metallurgy and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Colette Maurício
- Veterinary Clinics Department, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal and Animal Science Study Centre (CECA), University of Porto Agroenvironment, Technologies and Sciences Institute (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Arménio Coimbra Serra
- CEMMPRE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
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7
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Innovative tailor made dextran based membranes with excellent non-inflammatory response: In vivo assessment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 107:110243. [PMID: 31761159 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, dextran based membranes with potential to be used as implantable devices in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM) were prepared by a straightforward strategy. Briefly, two polymers approved by the Food and Drug Administration, viz. dextran and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were functionalized with methacrylate moieties, and subjected to photocrosslinking. Employing different weight ratios of each polymer in the formulations allowed to obtain transparent membranes with tunable physicochemical properties and low adverse host tissue response. Independently of the material, all formulations have shown to be thermally stable up to 300 °C whilst variations in the polymer ratio resulted in membranes with different glass transition temperatures (Tg) and flexibility. The swelling capacity ranged from 50% to 200%. On the other hand, in vitro hydrolytic degradation did not show to be material-dependent and all membranes maintained their structural integrity for more than 30 days, losing only 8-12% of their initial weight. Preliminary in vitro biological tests did not show any cytotoxic effect on seeded human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), suggesting that, in general, all membranes are capable of supporting cell adhesion and viability. The in vivo biocompatibility of membranes implanted subcutaneously in rats' dorsum indicate that M100/0 (100%wt dextran) and M25/75 (25 %wt dextran) formulations can be classified as "slight-irritant" and "non-irritant", respectively. From the histological analysis performed on the main tissue organs it was not possible to detect any signs of fibrosis or necrosis thereby excluding the presence of toxic degradation by-products deposited or accumulated in these tissues. In combination, these results suggest that the newly developed formulations hold great potential as engineered devices for biomedical applications, where the biological response of cells and tissues are greatly dependent on the physical and chemical cues provided by the substrate.
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Bonardd S, Robles E, Barandiaran I, Saldías C, Leiva Á, Kortaberria G. Biocomposites with increased dielectric constant based on chitosan and nitrile-modified cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 199:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Laksee S, Puthong S, Kongkavitoon P, Palaga T, Muangsin N. Facile and green synthesis of pullulan derivative-stabilized Au nanoparticles as drug carriers for enhancing anticancer activity. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 198:495-508. [PMID: 30093027 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report for the first time AuNPs reduced/stabilized/capped with modified para-aminobenzoic acid-quat188-pullulan (PABA-QP) as excellent nanocarriers for delivery of doxorubicin to enhance the activity and safety of these systems. Spherical AuNPs@PABA-QP obtained by facile and green synthesis under optimum conditions were characterized by UV-VIS, TEM, EDS, SAED, XRD, ATR-FTIR and zeta-potential analyses and showed a narrow size distribution of 13.7 ± 1.9 nm. DOX was successfully loaded onto AuNPs@PABA-QP via intermolecular interactions with high drug loading. DOX-AuNPs@PABA-QP (IC50 = 0.39μM) showed a 2.1-fold higher cytotoxicity against Chago cells than DOX alone (IC50 = 0.82μM), while exhibiting less cytotoxicity against normal cells (Wi-38). Moreover, DOX-AuNPs@PABA-QP also demonstrated high intracellular uptake by endocytosis, arrested in S and G2-M phases of the cell cycle (total S/G2-M increased to approximately 18.0%), induced excellent cytotoxicity, and increased the fraction of late-apoptotic cells (18.6%). Consequently, it is suggested that the novel combination of DOX-AuNPs@PABA-QP has the potential to be developed for human cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchai Laksee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Antibody Production Research Unit, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornrat Kongkavitoon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Nonsuwan P, Puthong S, Palaga T, Muangsin N. Novel organic/inorganic hybrid flower-like structure of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by pullulan derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 184:9-19. [PMID: 29352947 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We proudly present the first organic/inorganic hybrid pullulan/SeNPs hybrid microflower material obtained using a simple and bio-inspired strategy. The chemical structures of pullulan, folic acid decorated cationic pullulan (FA-CP) were designed for stabilizing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). SeNPs stabilized by FA-CP hybrid microflowers were observed after the addition of a cysteine hydrochloride solution into the solution mixture of Na2SeO3 and FA-CP. We suggested that the concentrations of cysteine and FA-CP were the key factors for the formation of flower-like structure. In addition, the formation mechanism of the microflowers was tentatively identified as anisotropic hierarchical growth. The microflowers exhibited effective drug adsorption with the loading capacity of 142.2 mg g-1 for doxorubicin which was three times higher than that for the doxorubicin-loaded spherical SeNPs and showed more potent activity against cancer cells while showing less toxicity against normal cells. These data demonstrated that the microflower-like FA-CP/SeNPs structure could be a candidate anticancer drug template in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punnida Nonsuwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Antibody Production Research Unit, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Abstract
The synthesis of novel cyanoethylated cyclodextrin derivatives from previously prepared intermediates is described. It was found the alcohols at the primary face of cyclodextrins readily react to add to acrylonitrile, but similar additions from hydroxyl groups of the secondary face appear to be more difficult. The obtained cyanides could be reduced to form the corresponding amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramprasad Ghosh
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Moulimala Bhowmick
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ping Zhang
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chang-Chun Ling
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Suematsu K, Arimura M, Uchiyama N, Saita S, Makino T. High-performance dielectric thin film nanocomposites of barium titanate and cyanoethyl pullulan: controlling the barium titanate nanoparticle size using a sol–gel method. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27644f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite thin film with high dielectric performance composed of size-controlled BaTiO3 nanoparticles and cyanoethyl pullulan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Suematsu
- Chemical and Textile Research Institute
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center
- Fukuoka 818-8540
- Japan
| | - Masashi Arimura
- Chemical and Textile Research Institute
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center
- Fukuoka 818-8540
- Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchiyama
- Chemical and Textile Research Institute
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center
- Fukuoka 818-8540
- Japan
| | - Shingo Saita
- Chemical and Textile Research Institute
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center
- Fukuoka 818-8540
- Japan
| | - Teruhisa Makino
- Chemical and Textile Research Institute
- Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center
- Fukuoka 818-8540
- Japan
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13
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Lindhorst TK. Multivalent glycosystems for nanoscience. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2345-7. [PMID: 25383104 PMCID: PMC4222442 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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15
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Fiege K, Lünsdorf H, Mischnick P. Aminoalkyl functionalization of dextran for coupling of bioactive molecules and nanostructure formation. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95:569-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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