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Toshe R, Charria-Girón E, Khonsanit A, Luangsa-ard JJ, Khalid SJ, Schrey H, Ebada SS, Stadler M. Bioprospection of Tenellins Produced by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria neobassiana. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:69. [PMID: 38248978 PMCID: PMC10821025 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi are known as prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites with applications across various fields, including infectious diseases, as well as in biological control. However, some of the well-known species are still underexplored. Our current study evaluated the production of secondary metabolites by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria neobassiana from Thailand. The fermentation of this fungus in a liquid medium, followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification, resulted in the isolation of a new tenellin congener, namely pretenellin C (1), together with five known derivatives (2-6). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). We evaluated the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities from all isolated compounds, as well as their inhibitory properties on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Generally, tenellins displayed varying antibiofilm and cytotoxic effects, allowing us to propose preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs). Among the tested compounds, prototenellin D (2) exhibited the most prominent antibiofilm activity, while its 2-pyridone congener, tenellin (4), demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against all tested cell lines. Given the fact that the biological activities of the tenellins have so far been neglected in the past, our study could provide a good starting point to establish more concise structure-activity relationships in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Toshe
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Esteban Charria-Girón
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Artit Khonsanit
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (A.K.); (J.J.L.-a.)
| | - Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (A.K.); (J.J.L.-a.)
| | - Syeda Javariya Khalid
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hedda Schrey
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sherif S. Ebada
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (R.T.); (E.C.-G.); (S.J.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Parker D, Meyling NV, De Fine Licht HH. Phenotypic variation and genomic variation in insect virulence traits reveal patterns of intraspecific diversity in a locust-specific fungal pathogen. J Evol Biol 2023; 36:1438-1454. [PMID: 37702110 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Intraspecific pathogen diversity is crucial for understanding the evolution and maintenance of adaptation in host-pathogen interactions. Traits associated with virulence are often a significant source of variation directly impacted by local selection pressures. The specialist fungal entomopathogen, Metarhizium acridum, has been widely implemented as a biological control agent of locust pests in tropical regions of the world. However, few studies have accounted for natural intraspecific phenotypic and genetic variation. Here, we examine the diversity of nine isolates of M. acridum spanning the known geographic distribution, in terms of (1) virulence towards two locust species, (2) growth rates on three diverse nutrient sources, and (3) comparative genomics to uncover genomic variability. Significant variability in patterns of virulence and growth was shown among the isolates, suggesting intraspecific ecological specialization. Different patterns of virulence were shown between the two locust species, indicative of potential host preference. Additionally, a high level of diversity among M. acridum isolates was observed, revealing increased variation in subtilisin-like proteases from the Pr1 family. These results culminate in the first in-depth analysis regarding multiple facets of natural variation in M. acridum, offering opportunities to understand critical evolutionary drivers of intraspecific diversity in pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinah Parker
- Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai V Meyling
- Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik H De Fine Licht
- Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kuhnert E, Collemare J. A genomic journey in the secondary metabolite diversity of fungal plant and insect pathogens: from functional to population genomics. Curr Opin Microbiol 2022; 69:102178. [PMID: 35870224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fungal pathogens produce a broad array of secondary metabolites (SMs), which allow the fungus to thrive in its natural habitat and gain competitive advantage. Analysis of the genetically encoded blueprints for SM assembly highlighted that only a small portion of the SMs these fungi are capable of producing are known, and even fewer have been investigated for their natural function. Using molecular tools, a lot of progress has been made recently in identifying the blueprint products and linking them to their ecological purpose such as the peptide virulence factor fusaoctaxin A released by Fusarium graminearum during infection of wheat or the F. oxysporum polyketide bikaverin that provides competitive advantage against bacteria in tomato. In addition, population genomics have given particularly important insights into the species-specific plasticity of the SM blueprint arsenal, showcasing the ongoing evolution and adaptation of fungal pathogens. This approach holds promise in inferring roles in pathogenicity of many more fungal SMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kuhnert
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Institute for Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Jérôme Collemare
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Isolation and identification of two Beauveria bassiana strains from silkworm, Bombyx mori. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:891-898. [PMID: 35750981 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Silkworm diseases caused by fungi infection occur frequently in sericulture and brought huge economic loss to sericulture. However, on the other hand, some fungi such as Beauveria bassiana, as an important entomological fungus, play an important role in biological control of insect pests. Here, two fungal pathogens causing yellow muscardine were isolated from the silkworm and named as SZY1 and SZY2. These two strains showed almost the same conidial morphology which were smooth, near-spherical, spherical, or ovoid and 2.7 ± 0.6 µm × 2.5 ± 0.9 µm in size, and the hyphal growth rate was also similar. However, the conidia production of SZY2 was almost twice as many as that of SZY1. The complete ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced and analyzed. As a result, the gene sequences of internal transcript space 1 (ITS1)-5.8S rRNA-internal transcript space 2 (ITS2) of SZY1 and SZY2 were identical in sequence and size, and for 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and intergenic spacer (IGS), the gene identity of SZY1 to SZY2 was 99%, 99%, and 98%, respectively. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on either ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 or 18S rRNA showed that both SZY1 and SZY2 were closely related to Beauveria bassiana. These results revealed that the pathogens of yellow muscardine SZY1 and SZY2 were identified as two different strains of Beauveria bassiana, which could provide diagnostic evidence for silkworm muscardine and was helpful for the research and development of novel Bombyx batryticatus and fungal biological insecticide.
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Kobmoo N, Khonsanit A, Luangsa-ard JJ. Reconstruction of ancestral host association showed host expansion and specialization in local Beauveria species. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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