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Vas S, Papp RS, Könczöl K, Bogáthy E, Papp N, Ádori C, Durst M, Sípos K, Ocskay K, Farkas I, Bálint F, Ferenci S, Török B, Kovács A, Szabó E, Zelena D, Kovács KJ, Földes A, Kató E, Köles L, Bagdy G, Palkovits M, Tóth ZE. Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Contributes to Stress-Related Mood Disorders and Inhibits Sleep/Mood Regulatory Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Neurons in Rats. J Neurosci 2023; 43:846-862. [PMID: 36564184 PMCID: PMC9899089 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2139-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress disorders impair sleep and quality of life; however, their pathomechanisms are unknown. Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a stress mediator; we therefore hypothesized that PrRP may be involved in the development of stress disorders. PrRP is produced by the medullary A1/A2 noradrenaline (NA) cells, which transmit stress signals to forebrain centers, and by non-NA cells in the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus. We found in male rats that both PrRP and PrRP-NA cells innervate melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) producing neurons in the dorsolateral hypothalamus (DLH). These cells serve as a key hub for regulating sleep and affective states. Ex vivo, PrRP hyperpolarized MCH neurons and further increased the hyperpolarization caused by NA. Following sleep deprivation, intracerebroventricular PrRP injection reduced the number of REM sleep-active MCH cells. PrRP expression in the dorsomedial nucleus was upregulated by sleep deprivation, while downregulated by REM sleep rebound. Both in learned helplessness paradigm and after peripheral inflammation, impaired coping with sustained stress was associated with (1) overactivation of PrRP cells, (2) PrRP protein and receptor depletion in the DLH, and (3) dysregulation of MCH expression. Exposure to stress in the PrRP-insensitive period led to increased passive coping with stress. Normal PrRP signaling, therefore, seems to protect animals against stress-related disorders. PrRP signaling in the DLH is an important component of the PrRP's action, which may be mediated by MCH neurons. Moreover, PrRP receptors were downregulated in the DLH of human suicidal victims. As stress-related mental disorders are the leading cause of suicide, our findings may have particular translational relevance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Treatment resistance to monoaminergic antidepressants is a major problem. Neuropeptides that modulate the central monoaminergic signaling are promising targets for developing alternative therapeutic strategies. We found that stress-responsive prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) cells innervated melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons that are crucial in the regulation of sleep and mood. PrRP inhibited MCH cell activity and enhanced the inhibitory effect evoked by noradrenaline, a classic monoamine, on MCH neurons. We observed that impaired PrRP signaling led to failure in coping with chronic/repeated stress and was associated with altered MCH expression. We found alterations of the PrRP system also in suicidal human subjects. PrRP dysfunction may underlie stress disorders, and fine-tuning MCH activity by PrRP may be an important part of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Vas
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Rege S Papp
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Emese Bogáthy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Noémi Papp
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Csaba Ádori
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Máté Durst
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Sípos
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Klementina Ocskay
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Imre Farkas
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Flóra Bálint
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Szilamér Ferenci
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Bibiána Török
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Evelin Szabó
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztina J Kovács
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Kató
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - László Köles
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - György Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- NAP2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Miklós Palkovits
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
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Cherepov AB, Tiunova AA, Anokhin KV. The power of innate: Behavioural attachment and neural activity in responses to natural and artificial objects in filial imprinting in chicks. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1006463. [PMID: 36479353 PMCID: PMC9720186 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1006463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly hatched domestic chicks are known to orient preferentially toward naturalistic stimuli, resembling a conspecific. Here, we examined to what extent this behavioral preference can be transcended by an artificial imprinting stimulus in both short-term and long-term tests. We also compared the expression maps of the plasticity-associated c-fos gene in the brains of chicks imprinted to naturalistic (rotating stuffed jungle fowl) and artificial (rotating illuminated red box) stimuli. During training, the approach activity of chicks to a naturalistic object was always higher than that to an artificial object. However, the induction of c-fos mRNA was significantly higher in chicks imprinted to a box than to a fowl, especially in the intermediate medial mesopallium, hyperpallium apicale, arcopallium, and hippocampus. Initially, in the short-term test (10 min after the end of training), chicks had a higher preference for a red box than for a stuffed fowl. However, in the long-term test (24 h after imprinting), the response to an artificial object decreased to the level of preference for a naturalistic object. Our results thus show that despite the artificial object causing a stronger c-fos novelty response and higher behavioral attachment in the short term, this preference was less stable and fades away, being overtaken by a more stable innate predisposition to the naturalistic social object.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. B. Cherepov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Tiunova
- P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - K. V. Anokhin
- P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Durst M, Könczöl K, Ocskay K, Sípos K, Várnai P, Szilvásy-Szabó A, Fekete C, Tóth ZE. Hypothalamic Nesfatin-1 Resistance May Underlie the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Maternally Undernourished Non-obese Rats. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:828571. [PMID: 35386592 PMCID: PMC8978526 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.828571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) poses a high risk for developing late-onset, non-obese type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The exact mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unknown, although the contribution of the central nervous system is recognized. The main hypothalamic nuclei involved in the homeostatic regulation express nesfatin-1, an anorexigenic neuropeptide and identified regulator of blood glucose level. Using intrauterine protein restricted rat model (PR) of IUGR, we investigated, whether IUGR alters the function of nesfatin-1. We show that PR rats develop fat preference and impaired glucose homeostasis by adulthood, while the body composition and caloric intake of normal nourished (NN) and PR rats are similar. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels are unaffected by IUGR in both neonates and adults, but pro-nesfatin-1 mRNA expression is upregulated in the hypothalamus of adult PR animals. We find that centrally injected nesfatin-1 inhibits the fasting induced neuronal activation in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in adult NN rats. This effect of nesfatin-1 is not seen in PR rats. The anorexigenic effect of centrally injected nesfatin-1 is also reduced in adult PR rats. Moreover, chronic central nesfatin-1 administration improves the glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in NN rats but not in PR animals. Birth dating of nesfatin-1 cells by bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) reveals that formation of nesfatin-1 cells in the hypothalamus of PR rats is disturbed. Our results suggest that adult PR rats acquire hypothalamic nesfatin-1-resistance, probably due to the altered development of the hypothalamic nesfatin-1 cells. Hypothalamic nesfatin-1-resistance, in turn, may contribute to the development of non-obese type T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Durst
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and in situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and in situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klementina Ocskay
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and in situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Sípos
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and in situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Szilvásy-Szabó
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Fekete
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna E. Tóth
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and in situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Zsuzsanna E. Tóth,
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[RNA in situ hybridization: technology, potential, and fields of application]. DER PATHOLOGE 2021; 41:563-573. [PMID: 32997158 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-020-00839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Significant improvements in the technology of RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) in the past five decades have opened up novel fields of its application as a valuable and an attractive adjunct to the portfolio of pathologist's daily routine diagnostic practice.In contrast to the former methodology, the current bDNA-based technology is not only easier to handle but also considerably more sensitive, enabling single-target molecule detection in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens without significant effort by both the lab and the evaluating pathologist, as assays can be run on standard automated staining devices and evaluated by light microscopy. Compared to molecular methods like RT-PCR and whole-genome analysis, RNA-ISH maintains tissue integrity thus offering the invaluable advantage of localization of target cells especially in relation to secreted proteins and expression of the target sequence in multiple cell types. The first clinical trials implementing RNA-ISH for patient stratification and selection are in progress and already led to the first drug approvals based on its use as a CDx test.In addition to its role as a complementary method for the establishment of novel IHC procedures or as an addition or replacement to IHC in the standard routine portfolio, RNA-ISH has gained special importance for its capacity to detect noncoding RNA species or mutation or splice variants, where no alternative procedures are available. This more complex application requires development of standardized procedures and involvement of the pathologist during assay establishment and for routine specimen evaluation.The present article reviews the development of RNA-ISH from its early uses to its current applications in research and diagnostics based on the authors' considerable experience of applying it as tool in a biopharmaceutical research organization.
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Matuska R, Zelena D, Könczöl K, Papp RS, Durst M, Guba D, Török B, Varnai P, Tóth ZE. Colocalized neurotransmitters in the hindbrain cooperate in adaptation to chronic hypernatremia. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:969-984. [PMID: 32200401 PMCID: PMC7166202 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hypernatremia activates the central osmoregulatory mechanisms and inhibits the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Noradrenaline (NE) release into the periventricular anteroventral third ventricle region (AV3V), the supraoptic (SON) and hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei (PVN) from efferents of the caudal ventrolateral (cVLM) and dorsomedial (cDMM) medulla has been shown to be essential for the hypernatremia-evoked responses and for the HPA response to acute restraint. Notably, the medullary NE cell groups highly coexpress prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) and nesfatin-1/NUCB2 (nesfatin), therefore, we assumed they contributed to the reactions to chronic hypernatremia. To investigate this, we compared two models: homozygous Brattleboro rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus (DI) and Wistar rats subjected to chronic high salt solution (HS) intake. HS rats had higher plasma osmolality than DI rats. PrRP and nesfatin mRNA levels were higher in both models, in both medullary regions compared to controls. Elevated basal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and impaired restraint-induced TH, PrRP and nesfatin expression elevations in the cVLM were, however, detected only in HS, but not in DI rats. Simultaneously, only HS rats exhibited classical signs of chronic stress and severely blunted hormonal reactions to acute restraint. Data suggest that HPA axis responsiveness to restraint depends on the type of hypernatremia, and on NE capacity in the cVLM. Additionally, NE and PrRP signalization primarily of medullary origin is increased in the SON, PVN and AV3V in HS rats. This suggests a cooperative action in the adaptation responses and designates the AV3V as a new site for PrRP's action in hypernatremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Matuska
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Sugárka Papp
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Microdissection Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Durst
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorina Guba
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bibiana Török
- Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Varnai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Abstract
RNA in situ hybridization has an important place in matrix biology, as the only method that allows for in situ discrimination of precise spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression. Whereas immunohistochemistry shows where a matrix protein localizes, ISH identifies the cell of origin. Thus, these methods provide complementary information for insights on the life cycle of matrix molecules, including ADAMTS proteases. This protocol encompasses the staining of tissue sections to reveal expression of the gene of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Founds SA, Stolz DB. Gene expression of four targets in situ of the first trimester maternal-fetoplacental interface. Tissue Cell 2019; 64:101313. [PMID: 32473702 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.101313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
EPAS1, FSTL3, IGFBP1, and SEMA3C were localized to determine whether expression is decidual, trophoblastic, or both in the human first trimester maternal-fetoplacental interface. Identified on global genome-wide microarray analysis of chorionic villus sampling tissues in preclinical preeclampsia, these targets were predicted to interact by bioinformatics pathways analysis. In situ hybridization (ISH) with mRNA of each gene was conducted in 10 cases of archived first trimester termination tissues. Randomly selected areas of cells by tissue type yielded the relative proportion of cells expressing mRNA signal in decidual and fetoplacental sites. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p ≤ .05). The average gestational age was 10.2 weeks. Expression signal for each gene differed by cell type (p < .001). FSTL3 expression was 17 times higher in cells of anchoring columns than areas of decidua without ISH signal. SEMA3C was three times higher in cells of anchoring columns than in decidua. EPAS1 was 1.31 times higher in cells of anchoring columns than in areas of decidua. IGFBP1 was 20 times higher in some decidua versus cells in anchoring columns or villous trophoblast. While all targets were expressed by both maternal and fetoplacental cells, our localizations identified which compartment had relatively higher expression of each gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Founds
- School of Nursing, Member Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria St., 448 Victoria Building, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States.
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Cell Biology Associate Director, Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, United States
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Durst M, Könczöl K, Balázsa T, Eyre MD, Tóth ZE. Reward-representing D1-type neurons in the medial shell of the accumbens nucleus regulate palatable food intake. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:917-927. [PMID: 29907842 PMCID: PMC6484714 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Dysfunction in reward-related aspects of feeding, and consequent overeating in humans, is a major contributor to obesity. Intrauterine undernutrition and overnutrition are among the predisposing factors, but the exact mechanism of how overeating develops is still unclear. Consummatory behavior is regulated by the medial shell (mSh) of the accumbens nucleus (Nac) through direct connections with the rostral part of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Our aim was to investigate whether an altered Nac-LHA circuit may underlie hyperphagic behavior. SUBJECTS/METHODS Intrauterine protein-restricted (PR) male Wistar rats were used as models for hyperphagia. The experiments were performed using young adult control (normally nourished) and PR animals. Sweet condensed milk (SCM) served as a reward to test consumption and subsequent activation (Fos+) of Nac and LHA neurons. Expression levels of type 1 and 2 dopamine receptors (D1R, D2R) in the Nac, as well as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels in the ventral tegmental area, were determined. The D1R agonist SKF82958 was injected into the mSh-Nac of control rats to test the effect of D1R signaling on SCM intake and neuronal cell activation in the LHA. RESULTS A group of food reward-representing D1R+ neurons was identified in the mSh-Nac. Activation (Fos+) of these neurons was highly proportional to the consumed palatable food. D1R agonist treatment attenuated SCM intake and diminished the number of SCM-activated cells in the LHA. Hyperphagic PR rats showed increased intake of SCM, reduced D1R expression, and an impaired response to SCM-evoked neuronal activation in the mSh-Nac, accompanied by an elevated number of Fos+ neurons in the LHA compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Sensitivity of food reward-representing neurons in the mSh-Nac determines the level of satisfaction that governs cessation of consumption, probably through connections with the LHA. D1R signaling is a key element in this function, and is impaired in obesity-prone rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Durst
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Balázsa
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark D Eyre
- Department of Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 58, Budapest, Hungary.
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Chakraborty M, Walløe S, Nedergaard S, Fridel EE, Dabelsteen T, Pakkenberg B, Bertelsen MF, Dorrestein GM, Brauth SE, Durand SE, Jarvis ED. Core and Shell Song Systems Unique to the Parrot Brain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118496. [PMID: 26107173 PMCID: PMC4479475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to imitate complex sounds is rare, and among birds has been found only in parrots, songbirds, and hummingbirds. Parrots exhibit the most advanced vocal mimicry among non-human animals. A few studies have noted differences in connectivity, brain position and shape in the vocal learning systems of parrots relative to songbirds and hummingbirds. However, only one parrot species, the budgerigar, has been examined and no differences in the presence of song system structures were found with other avian vocal learners. Motivated by questions of whether there are important differences in the vocal systems of parrots relative to other vocal learners, we used specialized constitutive gene expression, singing-driven gene expression, and neural connectivity tracing experiments to further characterize the song system of budgerigars and/or other parrots. We found that the parrot brain uniquely contains a song system within a song system. The parrot "core" song system is similar to the song systems of songbirds and hummingbirds, whereas the "shell" song system is unique to parrots. The core with only rudimentary shell regions were found in the New Zealand kea, representing one of the only living species at a basal divergence with all other parrots, implying that parrots evolved vocal learning systems at least 29 million years ago. Relative size differences in the core and shell regions occur among species, which we suggest could be related to species differences in vocal and cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Chakraborty
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Solveig Walløe
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Nedergaard
- Danish National Police, National Centre of Forensic Services, Vanloese, Denmark
| | - Emma E. Fridel
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Torben Dabelsteen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Pakkenberg
- Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gerry M. Dorrestein
- Dutch Research Institute of Avian and Exotic Animals, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Steven E. Brauth
- University of Maryland, College Park, MA, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Durand
- LaGuardia Community College, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Erich D. Jarvis
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
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Wang R, Chen CC, Hara E, Rivas MV, Roulhac PL, Howard JT, Chakraborty M, Audet JN, Jarvis ED. Convergent differential regulation of SLIT-ROBO axon guidance genes in the brains of vocal learners. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:892-906. [PMID: 25424606 PMCID: PMC4329046 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Only a few distantly related mammals and birds have the trait of complex vocal learning, which is the ability to imitate novel sounds. This ability is critical for speech acquisition and production in humans, and is attributed to specialized forebrain vocal control circuits that have several unique connections relative to adjacent brain circuits. As a result, it has been hypothesized that there could exist convergent changes in genes involved in neural connectivity of vocal learning circuits. In support of this hypothesis, expanding on our related study (Pfenning et al. [2014] Science 346: 1256846), here we show that the forebrain part of this circuit that makes a relatively rare direct connection to brainstem vocal motor neurons in independent lineages of vocal learning birds (songbird, parrot, and hummingbird) has specialized regulation of axon guidance genes from the SLIT-ROBO molecular pathway. The SLIT1 ligand was differentially downregulated in the motor song output nucleus that makes the direct projection, whereas its receptor ROBO1 was developmentally upregulated during critical periods for vocal learning. Vocal nonlearning bird species and male mice, which have much more limited vocal plasticity and associated circuits, did not show comparable specialized regulation of SLIT-ROBO genes in their nonvocal motor cortical regions. These findings are consistent with SLIT and ROBO gene dysfunctions associated with autism, dyslexia, and speech sound language disorders and suggest that convergent evolution of vocal learning was associated with convergent changes in the SLIT-ROBO axon guidance pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Institute for Genome Science and Policy, Duke UniversityDurham, North Carolina, 27710
- Beijing Prosperous BiopharmBeijing, 100085, China
| | - Chun-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Erina Hara
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Miriam V Rivas
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDurham North Carolina, 27710
| | - Petra L Roulhac
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Jason T Howard
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Mukta Chakraborty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Jean-Nicolas Audet
- Department of Biology, McGill UniversityMontreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Erich D Jarvis
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, North Carolina, 27710
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11
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Pfenning AR, Hara E, Whitney O, Rivas MV, Wang R, Roulhac PL, Howard JT, Wirthlin M, Lovell PV, Ganapathy G, Mouncastle J, Moseley MA, Thompson JW, Soderblom EJ, Iriki A, Kato M, Gilbert MTP, Zhang G, Bakken T, Bongaarts A, Bernard A, Lein E, Mello CV, Hartemink AJ, Jarvis ED. Convergent transcriptional specializations in the brains of humans and song-learning birds. Science 2014; 346:1256846. [PMID: 25504733 DOI: 10.1126/science.1256846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Song-learning birds and humans share independently evolved similarities in brain pathways for vocal learning that are essential for song and speech and are not found in most other species. Comparisons of brain transcriptomes of song-learning birds and humans relative to vocal nonlearners identified convergent gene expression specializations in specific song and speech brain regions of avian vocal learners and humans. The strongest shared profiles relate bird motor and striatal song-learning nuclei, respectively, with human laryngeal motor cortex and parts of the striatum that control speech production and learning. Most of the associated genes function in motor control and brain connectivity. Thus, convergent behavior and neural connectivity for a complex trait are associated with convergent specialized expression of multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas R Pfenning
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Erina Hara
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Osceola Whitney
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Miriam V Rivas
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Petra L Roulhac
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason T Howard
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Morgan Wirthlin
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Peter V Lovell
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ganeshkumar Ganapathy
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Mouncastle
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - M Arthur Moseley
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - J Will Thompson
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erik J Soderblom
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Atsushi Iriki
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Guojie Zhang
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China. Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trygve Bakken
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | | | - Amy Bernard
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Ed Lein
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Claudio V Mello
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Erich D Jarvis
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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12
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Murray JR, Stanciauskas ME, Aralere TS, Saha MS. Dissection and downstream analysis of zebra finch embryos at early stages of development. J Vis Exp 2014:e51596. [PMID: 24999108 PMCID: PMC4203306 DOI: 10.3791/51596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebra finch (Taeniopygiaguttata) has become an increasingly important model organism in many areas of research including toxicology, behavior, and memory and learning. As the only songbird with a sequenced genome, the zebra finch has great potential for use in developmental studies; however, the early stages of zebra finch development have not been well studied. Lack of research in zebra finch development can be attributed to the difficulty of dissecting the small egg and embryo. The following dissection method minimizes embryonic tissue damage, which allows for investigation of morphology and gene expression at all stages of embryonic development. This permits both bright field and fluorescence quality imaging of embryos, use in molecular procedures such as in situ hybridization (ISH), cell proliferation assays, and RNA extraction for quantitative assays such as quantitative real-time PCR (qtRT-PCR). This technique allows investigators to study early stages of development that were previously difficult to access.
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13
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Chen CC, Winkler CM, Pfenning AR, Jarvis ED. Molecular profiling of the developing avian telencephalon: regional timing and brain subdivision continuities. J Comp Neurol 2014; 521:3666-701. [PMID: 23818174 PMCID: PMC3863995 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In our companion study (Jarvis et al. [2013] J Comp Neurol. doi: 10.1002/cne.23404) we used quantitative brain molecular profiling to discover that distinct subdivisions in the avian pallium above and below the ventricle and the associated mesopallium lamina have similar molecular profiles, leading to a hypothesis that they may form as continuous subdivisions around the lateral ventricle. To explore this hypothesis, here we profiled the expression of 16 genes at eight developmental stages. The genes included those that define brain subdivisions in the adult and some that are also involved in brain development. We found that phyletic hierarchical cluster and linear regression network analyses of gene expression profiles implicated single and mixed ancestry of these brain regions at early embryonic stages. Most gene expression-defined pallial subdivisions began as one ventral or dorsal domain that later formed specific folds around the lateral ventricle. Subsequently a clear ventricle boundary formed, partitioning them into dorsal and ventral pallial subdivisions surrounding the mesopallium lamina. These subdivisions each included two parts of the mesopallium, the nidopallium and hyperpallium, and the arcopallium and hippocampus, respectively. Each subdivision expression profile had a different temporal order of appearance, similar in timing to the order of analogous cell types of the mammalian cortex. Furthermore, like the mammalian pallium, expression in the ventral pallial subdivisions became distinct during prehatch development, whereas the dorsal portions did so during posthatch development. These findings support the continuum hypothesis of avian brain subdivision development around the ventricle and influence hypotheses on homologies of the avian pallium with other vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710
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14
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Jarvis ED, Yu J, Rivas MV, Horita H, Feenders G, Whitney O, Jarvis SC, Jarvis ER, Kubikova L, Puck AEP, Siang-Bakshi C, Martin S, McElroy M, Hara E, Howard J, Pfenning A, Mouritsen H, Chen CC, Wada K. Global view of the functional molecular organization of the avian cerebrum: mirror images and functional columns. J Comp Neurol 2014; 521:3614-65. [PMID: 23818122 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Based on quantitative cluster analyses of 52 constitutively expressed or behaviorally regulated genes in 23 brain regions, we present a global view of telencephalic organization of birds. The patterns of constitutively expressed genes revealed a partial mirror image organization of three major cell populations that wrap above, around, and below the ventricle and adjacent lamina through the mesopallium. The patterns of behaviorally regulated genes revealed functional columns of activation across boundaries of these cell populations, reminiscent of columns through layers of the mammalian cortex. The avian functionally regulated columns were of two types: those above the ventricle and associated mesopallial lamina, formed by our revised dorsal mesopallium, hyperpallium, and intercalated hyperpallium; and those below the ventricle, formed by our revised ventral mesopallium, nidopallium, and intercalated nidopallium. Based on these findings and known connectivity, we propose that the avian pallium has four major cell populations similar to those in mammalian cortex and some parts of the amygdala: 1) a primary sensory input population (intercalated pallium); 2) a secondary intrapallial population (nidopallium/hyperpallium); 3) a tertiary intrapallial population (mesopallium); and 4) a quaternary output population (the arcopallium). Each population contributes portions to columns that control different sensory or motor systems. We suggest that this organization of cell groups forms by expansion of contiguous developmental cell domains that wrap around the lateral ventricle and its extension through the middle of the mesopallium. We believe that the position of the lateral ventricle and its associated mesopallium lamina has resulted in a conceptual barrier to recognizing related cell groups across its border, thereby confounding our understanding of homologies with mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich D Jarvis
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710
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15
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Of mice, birds, and men: the mouse ultrasonic song system has some features similar to humans and song-learning birds. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46610. [PMID: 23071596 PMCID: PMC3468587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans and song-learning birds communicate acoustically using learned vocalizations. The characteristic features of this social communication behavior include vocal control by forebrain motor areas, a direct cortical projection to brainstem vocal motor neurons, and dependence on auditory feedback to develop and maintain learned vocalizations. These features have so far not been found in closely related primate and avian species that do not learn vocalizations. Male mice produce courtship ultrasonic vocalizations with acoustic features similar to songs of song-learning birds. However, it is assumed that mice lack a forebrain system for vocal modification and that their ultrasonic vocalizations are innate. Here we investigated the mouse song system and discovered that it includes a motor cortex region active during singing, that projects directly to brainstem vocal motor neurons and is necessary for keeping song more stereotyped and on pitch. We also discovered that male mice depend on auditory feedback to maintain some ultrasonic song features, and that sub-strains with differences in their songs can match each other's pitch when cross-housed under competitive social conditions. We conclude that male mice have some limited vocal modification abilities with at least some neuroanatomical features thought to be unique to humans and song-learning birds. To explain our findings, we propose a continuum hypothesis of vocal learning.
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16
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Specialized motor-driven dusp1 expression in the song systems of multiple lineages of vocal learning birds. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42173. [PMID: 22876306 PMCID: PMC3410896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms for the evolution of convergent behavioral traits are largely unknown. Vocal learning is one such trait that evolved multiple times and is necessary in humans for the acquisition of spoken language. Among birds, vocal learning is evolved in songbirds, parrots, and hummingbirds. Each time similar forebrain song nuclei specialized for vocal learning and production have evolved. This finding led to the hypothesis that the behavioral and neuroanatomical convergences for vocal learning could be associated with molecular convergence. We previously found that the neural activity-induced gene dual specificity phosphatase 1 (dusp1) was up-regulated in non-vocal circuits, specifically in sensory-input neurons of the thalamus and telencephalon; however, dusp1 was not up-regulated in higher order sensory neurons or motor circuits. Here we show that song motor nuclei are an exception to this pattern. The song nuclei of species from all known vocal learning avian lineages showed motor-driven up-regulation of dusp1 expression induced by singing. There was no detectable motor-driven dusp1 expression throughout the rest of the forebrain after non-vocal motor performance. This pattern contrasts with expression of the commonly studied activity-induced gene egr1, which shows motor-driven expression in song nuclei induced by singing, but also motor-driven expression in adjacent brain regions after non-vocal motor behaviors. In the vocal non-learning avian species, we found no detectable vocalizing-driven dusp1 expression in the forebrain. These findings suggest that independent evolutions of neural systems for vocal learning were accompanied by selection for specialized motor-driven expression of the dusp1 gene in those circuits. This specialized expression of dusp1 could potentially lead to differential regulation of dusp1-modulated molecular cascades in vocal learning circuits.
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