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Gristwood K, Luli S, Rankin KS, Knight JC. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of a HER2-Specific ImmunoSCIFI Probe. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47905-47912. [PMID: 38144136 PMCID: PMC10734019 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Secondary Cerenkov-induced fluorescence imaging (SCIFI) is an emerging biomedical optical imaging modality that leverages Cerenkov luminescence, primarily generated by β-emitting radioisotopes, to excite fluorophores that offer near-infrared emissions with optimal tissue penetrance. Dual-functionalized immunoconjugates composed of an antibody, a near-infrared fluorophore, and a β-emitting radioisotope have potential utility as novel SCIFI constructs with high specificity for molecular biomarkers of disease. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-trastuzumab-BOD665, a self-excitatory HER2-specific "immunoSCIFI" probe capable of yielding near-infrared fluorescence in situ without external excitation. The penetration depth of the SCIFI signal was measured in hemoglobin-infused optical tissue phantoms that indicated a 2.05-fold increase compared to 89Zr-generated Cerenkov luminescence. Additionally, the binding specificity of the immunoSCIFI probe for HER2 was evaluated in a cellular assay that showed significantly higher binding to SKBR3 (high HER2 expression) relative to MDA-MB-468 (low HER2) breast cancer cells based on measurements of total flux in the near-infrared region with external excitation blocked. Taken together, the results of this study indicate the potential utility of immunoSCIFI constructs for interrogation of molecular biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Gristwood
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle
University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Saimir Luli
- Preclinical
In Vivo Imaging, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Kenneth S. Rankin
- Translational
and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle
University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - James C. Knight
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle
University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
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2
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Gibson C, Phoon A, DaCosta RS. Customizable optical tissue phantom platform for characterization of fluorescence imaging device sensitivity. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:086004. [PMID: 37655212 PMCID: PMC10467488 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.8.086004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Significance Optical tissue phantoms serve as inanimate and stable reference materials used to calibrate, characterize, standardize, and test biomedical imaging instruments. Although various types of solid tissue phantoms have been described in the literature, current phantom models are limited in that they do not have a depth feature that can be adjusted in real-time, they cannot be adapted to other applications, and their fabrication can be laborious and costly. Aim Our goal was to develop an optical phantom that could assess the imaging performance of fluorescence imaging devices and be customizable for different applications. Approach We developed a phantom with three distinct components, each of which can be customized. Results We present a method for fabricating a solid optical tissue that contains (1) an adjustable depth capability using thin film phantoms, (2) a refillable chip loaded with fluorophores of the user's choice in various desired quantities, and (3) phantom materials representative of different tissue types. Conclusions This article describes the development of phantom models that are customizable, adaptable, and easy to design and fabricate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gibson
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arcturus Phoon
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralph S DaCosta
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Srivastava I, Lew B, Wang Y, Blair S, George MB, Hajek BS, Bangru S, Pandit S, Wang Z, Ludwig J, Flatt K, Gruebele M, Nie S, Gruev V. Cell-Membrane Coated Nanoparticles for Tumor Delineation and Qualitative Estimation of Cancer Biomarkers at Single Wavelength Excitation in Murine and Phantom Models. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8465-8482. [PMID: 37126072 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Real-time guidance through fluorescence imaging improves the surgical outcomes of tumor resections, reducing the chances of leaving positive margins behind. As tumors are heterogeneous, it is imperative to interrogate multiple overexpressed cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity to improve surgical outcomes. However, for accurate tumor delineation and ratiometric detection of tumor biomarkers, current methods require multiple excitation wavelengths to image multiple biomarkers, which is impractical in a clinical setting. Here, we have developed a biomimetic platform comprising near-infrared fluorescent semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) with red blood cell membrane (RBC) coating, capable of targeting two representative cell-surface biomarkers (folate, αυβ3 integrins) using a single excitation wavelength for tumor delineation during surgical interventions. We evaluate our single excitation ratiometric nanoparticles in in vitro tumor cells, ex vivo tumor-mimicking phantoms, and in vivo mouse xenograft tumor models. Favorable biological properties (improved biocompatibility, prolonged blood circulation, reduced liver uptake) are complemented by superior spectral features: (i) specific fluorescence enhancement in tumor regions with high tumor-to-normal tissue (T/NT) ratios in ex vivo samples and (ii) estimation of cell-surface tumor biomarkers with single wavelength excitation providing insights about cancer progression (metastases). Our single excitation, dual output approach has the potential to differentiate between the tumor and healthy regions and simultaneously provide a qualitative indicator of cancer progression, thereby guiding surgeons in the operating room with the resection process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sushant Bangru
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
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4
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Burgos D, Blumenkopf B, Afshari A, Snodderly K, Pfefer TJ. Biomimetic tissue phantoms for neurosurgical near-infrared fluorescence imaging. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:015007. [PMID: 36936998 PMCID: PMC10015182 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.1.015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Neurosurgical fluorescence imaging is a well-established clinical approach with a growing range of indications for use. However, this technology lacks effective phantom-based tools for development, performance testing, and clinician training. AIM Our primary aim was to develop and evaluate 3D-printed phantoms capable of optically and morphologically simulating neurovasculature under fluorescence angiography. APPROACH Volumetric digital maps of the circle of Willis with basilar and posterior communicator artery aneurysms, along with surrounding cerebral tissue, were generated. Phantoms were fabricated with a stereolithography printer using custom photopolymer composites, then visualized under white light and near-infrared fluorescence imaging. RESULTS Feature sizes of printed components were found to be within 13% of digital models. Phantoms exhibited realistic optical properties and convincingly recapitulated fluorescence angiography scenes. CONCLUSIONS Methods identified in this study can facilitate the development of realistic phantoms as powerful new tools for fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burgos
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Bennett Blumenkopf
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Ali Afshari
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Kirstie Snodderly
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - T. Joshua Pfefer
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
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5
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Potara M, Suarasan S, Craciun AM, Focsan M, Hada AM, Astilean S. Probing polyvinylpyrrolidone-passivated graphene oxide nanoflakes as contrast agents inside tissue-like phantoms via multimodal confocal microscopy. Talanta 2022; 247:123581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters as near-infrared-emitting efficient contrast agents for confocal fluorescence imaging of tissue-mimicking phantoms. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:337. [PMID: 35978146 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05440-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
An innovative research has been conducted focused on demonstrating the ability of novel dual-emissive glutathione-stabilized gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs) to perform bright near-infrared (NIR)-emitting contrast agents inside tissue-mimicking agarose-phantoms via two complementary confocal fluorescence imaging techniques. First, using a new and fast microwave-assisted approach, we synthesized photostable dual-emitting GSH-AuNCs with an average size of 3.2 ± 0.4 nm and NIR emission quantum yield of 9.9%. Steady-state fluorescence measurements coupled with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) assays performed on lyophilized GSH-AuNCs revealed that the obtained GSH-AuNCs exhibit PL emissions at 610 nm (red PL) and, respectively, 800 nm (NIR PL) in both solution and powder solid-state. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements showed that the two PL components are characterized by average lifetimes of 407 ns (red PL) and 1821 ns (NIR PL), respectively. Additionally, due to a partial overlap between the red PL and the absorption of the NIR PL, an energy transfer between the two coexisting emissive centers was discovered and confirmed via steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Furthermore, the FLIM analysis performed on powder GSH-AuNCs under 640 nm, an excitation more suitable for bioimaging applications, revealed a homogeneous and photostable NIR PL signal from GSH-AuNCs. Finally, the ability of GSH-AuNCs to operate as reliable NIR-emitting contrast agents inside tissue-mimicking agarose-phantoms was demonstrated here for the first time via complementary FLIM and re-scan confocal fluorescence imaging techniques. In consequence, GSH-AuNCs show great promise for future in vivo imaging applications via confocal fluorescence microscopy.
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7
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Hacker L, Wabnitz H, Pifferi A, Pfefer TJ, Pogue BW, Bohndiek SE. Criteria for the design of tissue-mimicking phantoms for the standardization of biophotonic instrumentation. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:541-558. [PMID: 35624150 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00890-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A lack of accepted standards and standardized phantoms suitable for the technical validation of biophotonic instrumentation hinders the reliability and reproducibility of its experimental outputs. In this Perspective, we discuss general criteria for the design of tissue-mimicking biophotonic phantoms, and use these criteria and state-of-the-art developments to critically review the literature on phantom materials and on the fabrication of phantoms. By focusing on representative examples of standardization in diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy, fluorescence-guided surgery and photoacoustic imaging, we identify unmet needs in the development of phantoms and a set of criteria (leveraging characterization, collaboration, communication and commitment) for the standardization of biophotonic instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hacker
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heidrun Wabnitz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Sarah E Bohndiek
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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8
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Jouad K, Eliseeva SV, Collet G, Colas C, Da Silva D, Hiebel MA, El Brahmi N, Akssira M, Petoud S, El Kazzouli S, Suzenet F. Near-Infrared Emitting Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers with an Anthraquinone Core toward Versatile Non-Invasive Biological Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1392-1402. [PMID: 35235298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Today, there is a very strong demand for versatile near-infrared (NIR) imaging agents suitable for non-invasive optical imaging in living organisms (in vivo imaging). Here, we created a family of NIR-emitting macromolecules that take advantage of the unique structure of dendrimers. In contrast to existing fluorescent dendrimers bearing fluorophores at their periphery or in their cavities, a NIR fluorescent structure is incorporated into the core of the dendrimer. Using the poly(amidoamine) dendrimer structure, we want to promote the biocompatibility of the NIR-emissive system and to have functional groups available at the periphery to obtain specific biological functionalities such as the ability to deliver drugs or for targeting a biological location. We report here the divergent synthesis and characterization by NMR and mass spectrometries of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers derived from the fluorescent NIR-emitting anthraquinone core (AQ-PAMAF). AQ-PAMAFs ranging from the generation -0.5 up to 3 were synthesized with a good level of control resulting in homogeneous and complete dendrimers. Absorption, excitation, and emission spectra, as well as quantum yields, of AQ-PAMAFs have been determined in aqueous solutions and compared with the corresponding properties of the AQ-core. It has been demonstrated that the absorption bands of AQ-PAMAFs range from UV to 750 nm while emission is observed in the range of 650-950 nm. Fluorescence macroscopy experiments confirmed that the NIR signal of AQ-PAMAFs can be detected with a satisfactory signal-to-noise ratio in aqueous solution, in blood, and through 1 mm thick tissue-mimicking phantom. The results show that our approach is highly promising for the design of an unprecedented generation of versatile NIR-emitting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Jouad
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.,Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy, Euromed University of Fes, Route de Meknes, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Svetlana V Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Guillaume Collet
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France.,Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, 45000 Orléans & Tours, France
| | - Cyril Colas
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.,Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - David Da Silva
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Marie-Aude Hiebel
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Nabil El Brahmi
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy, Euromed University of Fes, Route de Meknes, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Akssira
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, URAC 22 FSTM, University Hassan II, BP 146, 28800 Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Saïd El Kazzouli
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy, Euromed University of Fes, Route de Meknes, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Franck Suzenet
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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9
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Hada AM, Craciun AM, Astilean S. Intrinsic Photoluminescence of Solid-State Gold Nanoclusters: Towards Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Tissue-Like Phantoms Under Two-Photon Near-Infrared Excitation. Front Chem 2021; 9:761711. [PMID: 34746095 PMCID: PMC8566988 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.761711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have attracted extensive attention as light-emissive materials with unique advantages such as high photostability, large Stoke shifts and low toxicity. However, a better understanding of their solid-state photoluminescence properties is still needed. Herein, we investigated for the first time the intrinsic photoluminescence properties of lyophilized bovine serum albumin stabilized AuNCs (BSA-AuNCs) via fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) studies performed under both one and two photon excitations (OPE and TPE) on individual microflakes, combined with fluorescence spectroscopic investigations. Both in solution and solid-state, the synthesized BSA-AuNCs exhibit photoluminescence in the first biological window with an absolute quantum yield of 6% and high photostability under continuous irradiation. Moreover, under both OPE and TPE conditions, solid BSA-AuNCs samples exhibited a low degree of photobleaching, while FLIM assays prove the homogeneous distribution of the photoluminescence signal inside the microflakes. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of BSA-AuNCs to perform as reliable bright and photostable contrast agents for the visualization of cancer tissue mimicking agarose-phantoms using FLIM approach under non-invasive TPE. Therefore, our results emphasize the great potential of the as synthesized BSA-AuNCs for ex vivo and in vivo non-invasive NIR imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru-Milentie Hada
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Craciun
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Astilean
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Porosnicu I, Colbea C, Baiasu F, Lungu M, Istrate MC, Avram D, Tiseanu C. A sensitive near infrared to near-infrared luminescence nanothermometer based on triple doped Ln -Y 2O 3. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2020; 8:035005. [PMID: 32320952 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab8c20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, luminescence nanothermometers with near infrared light (NIR) emission excited in the NIR range have attracted much attention due to their potential in bio applications. Here, we propose a new nanothermometer based on triple doped 1%Ho, 1%Er, 1%Yb - Y2O3 that operates in the second and third biological windows around 1200 and 1530 nm under pulsed excitation at 905 nm. The NIR emissions were analysed in the temperature range of 298-473 K in terms of intensity, shape and dynamics. The nanothermometer performances were described using the luminescent intensity ratio (LIR) corresponding to the 5I6-5I8 and 4I13/2-4I15/2 emissions transitions of Ho and Er, respectively. A maximum relative sensitivity of 1.5% K-1 was achieved at 309 K, which is among the highest five values reported so far for the NIR to NIR downconversion nanothermometers. The thermometer performance for biological application was assessed in terms of nanothermometer reliability and stability as well as emission shape changes induced by water and custom designed optical phantoms. Combination between use of pulsed excitation and identification of Ln doping configuration offering both excitation and emission in the biological windows represent a solid approach that can be easily translated to other hosts to develop a new class of near infrared nanothermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Porosnicu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, PO Box MG-36, RO 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania. University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
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11
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Setting Standards for Reporting and Quantification in Fluorescence-Guided Surgery. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:11-18. [PMID: 29845427 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraoperative fluorescence imaging (FI) is a promising technique that could potentially guide oncologic surgeons toward more radical resections and thus improve clinical outcome. Despite the increase in the number of clinical trials, fluorescent agents and imaging systems for intraoperative FI, a standardized approach for imaging system performance assessment and post-acquisition image analysis is currently unavailable. PROCEDURES We conducted a systematic, controlled comparison between two commercially available imaging systems using a novel calibration device for FI systems and various fluorescent agents. In addition, we analyzed fluorescence images from previous studies to evaluate signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and determinants of SBR. RESULTS Using the calibration device, imaging system performance could be quantified and compared, exposing relevant differences in sensitivity. Image analysis demonstrated a profound influence of background noise and the selection of the background on SBR. CONCLUSIONS In this article, we suggest clear approaches for the quantification of imaging system performance assessment and post-acquisition image analysis, attempting to set new standards in the field of FI.
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12
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Hernandez-Quintanar L, Rodriguez-Salvador M. Discovering new 3D bioprinting applications: Analyzing the case of optical tissue phantoms. Int J Bioprint 2018; 5:178. [PMID: 32596533 PMCID: PMC7294689 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v5i1.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tissue phantoms enable to mimic the optical properties of biological tissues for biomedical device calibration, new equipment validation, and clinical training for the detection, and treatment of diseases. Unfortunately, current methods for their development present some problems, such as a lack of repeatability in their optical properties. Where the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing or 3D bioprinting could address these issues. This paper aims to evaluate the use of this technology in the development of optical tissue phantoms. A competitive technology intelligence methodology was applied by analyzing Scopus, Web of Science, and patents from January 1, 2000, to July 31, 2018. The main trends regarding methods, materials, and uses, as well as predominant countries, institutions, and journals, were determined. The results revealed that, while 3D printing is already employed (in total, 108 scientific papers and 18 patent families were identified), 3D bioprinting is not yet applied for optical tissue phantoms. Nevertheless, it is expected to have significant growth. This research gives biomedical scientists a new window of opportunity for exploring the use of 3D bioprinting in a new area that may support testing of new equipment and development of techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recently we showed that a number of carboxylated near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) cyanine dyes possess strong necrosis avid properties in vitro as well as in different mouse models of spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis, indicating their potential use for cancer diagnostic- and prognostic purposes. In the previous study, the detection of the cyanines was achieved by whole body optical imaging, a technique that, due to the limited penetration of near-infrared light, is not suitable for investigations deeper than 1 cm within the human body. Therefore, in order to facilitate clinical translation, the purpose of the present study was to generate a necrosis avid cyanine-based NIRF probe that could also be used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). For this, the necrosis avid NIRF cyanine HQ4 was radiolabeled with 111indium, via the chelate diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). PROCEDURES The necrosis avid properties of the radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 were examined in vitro and in vivo in different breast tumor models in mice using SPECT and optical imaging. Moreover, biodistribution studies were performed to examine the pharmacokinetics of the probe in vivo. RESULTS Using optical imaging and radioactivity measurements, in vitro, we showed selective accumulation of [111In]DTPA-HQ4 in dead cells. Using SPECT and in biodistribution studies, the necrosis avidity of the radiotracer was confirmed in a 4T1 mouse breast cancer model of spontaneous tumor necrosis and in a MCF-7 human breast cancer model of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 possessed strong and selective necrosis avidity in vitro and in various mouse models of tumor necrosis in vivo, indicating its potential to be clinically applied for diagnostic purposes and to monitor anti-cancer treatment efficacy.
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