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Edwards-Faret G, de Vin F, Slezak M, Gollenbeck L, Karaman R, Shinmyo Y, Batiuk MY, Pando CM, Urschitz J, Rincon MY, Moisyadi S, Schnütgen F, Kawasaki H, Schmucker D, Holt MG. A New Technical Approach for Cross-species Examination of Neuronal Wiring and Adult Neuron-glia Functions. Neuroscience 2023; 508:40-51. [PMID: 36464177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Advances in single cell sequencing have enabled the identification of a large number of genes, expressed in many different cell types, and across a variety of model organisms. In particular, the nervous system harbors an immense number of interacting cell types, which are poorly characterized. Future loss- and gain-of-function experiments will be essential in determining how novel genes play critical roles in diverse cellular, as well as evolutionarily adapted, contexts. However, functional analysis across species is often hampered by technical limitations, in non-genetic animal systems. Here, we describe a new single plasmid system, misPiggy. The system is based around the hyperactive piggyBac transposon system, which combines stable genomic integration of transgenes (for long-term expression) with large cargo capacity. Taking full advantage of these characteristics, we engineered novel expression modules into misPiggy that allow for cell-type specific loss- and gain-of-gene function. These modules work widely across species from frog to ferret. As a proof of principle, we present a loss-of-function analysis of the neuronal receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles. Single axon tracings of mosaic knock-out cells reveal a specific cell-intrinsic requirement of DCC, specifically in axonal arborization within the frog tectum, rather than retina-to-brain axon guidance. Furthermore, we report additional technical advances that enable temporal control of knock-down or gain-of-function analysis. We applied this to visualize and manipulate labeled neurons, astrocytes and other glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of mouse, rat and ferret. We propose that misPiggy will be a valuable tool for rapid, flexible and cost-effective screening of gene function across a variety of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Edwards-Faret
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuronal Wiring Group, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, Bonn D53115, Germany
| | - Filip de Vin
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Michal Slezak
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lennart Gollenbeck
- Neuronal Wiring Group, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, Bonn D53115, Germany
| | - Ruçhan Karaman
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Oncology, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Yohei Shinmyo
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mykhailo Y Batiuk
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Carmen Menacho Pando
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Johann Urschitz
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, 1960 East-West Rd. E-124, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Melvin Y Rincon
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Stefan Moisyadi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, 1960 East-West Rd. E-124, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Frank Schnütgen
- Department of Medicine 2, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main D60590, Germany; LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main D60590, Germany; FCI, Frankfurt Cancer Institute, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main D60590, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kawasaki
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Dietmar Schmucker
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuronal Wiring Group, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, Bonn D53115, Germany; Leuven Brain Institute, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
| | - Matthew G Holt
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neuroscience, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; University of Porto, Instituto de Investigaçāo e Inovaçāo em Saúde (i3S), Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Im DS, Joselin A, Svoboda D, Takano T, Rousseaux MWC, Callaghan S, Slack RS, Hisanaga SI, Davis RJ, Park DS, Qu D. Cdk5-mediated JIP1 phosphorylation regulates axonal outgrowth through Notch1 inhibition. BMC Biol 2022; 20:115. [PMID: 35581583 PMCID: PMC9115922 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated Cdk5 regulates a number of processes during nervous system formation, including neuronal differentiation, growth cone stabilization, and axonal growth. Cdk5 phosphorylates its downstream substrates located in axonal growth cones, where the highly expressed c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-interacting protein1 (JIP1) has been implicated as another important regulator of axonal growth. In addition, stringent control of the level of intracellular domain of Notch1 (Notch1-IC) plays a regulatory role in axonal outgrowth during neuronal differentiation. However, whether Cdk5-JIP1-Notch1 cooperate to regulate axonal outgrowth, and the mechanism of such joint contribution to this pathway, is presently unknown, and here we explore their potential interaction. RESULTS Our interactome screen identified JIP1 as an interactor of p35, a Cdk5 activator, and we sought to explore the relationship between Cdk5 and JIP1 on the regulation of axonal outgrowth. We demonstrate that JIP1 phosphorylated by Cdk5 at Thr205 enhances axonal outgrowth and a phosphomimic JIP1 rescues the axonal outgrowth defects in JIP1-/- and p35-/- neurons. Axonal outgrowth defects caused by the specific increase of Notch1 in JIP1-/- neurons are rescued by Numb-mediated inhibition of Notch1. Finally, we demonstrate that Cdk5 phosphorylation of JIP1 further amplifies the phosphorylation status of yet another Cdk5 substrate E3-ubiquitin ligase Itch, resulting in increased Notch1 ubiquitination. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify a potentially critical signaling axis involving Cdk5-JIP1-Itch-Notch1, which plays an important role in the regulation of CNS development. Future investigation into the way this pathway integrates with additional pathways regulating axonal growth will further our knowledge of normal central nervous system development and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Soon Im
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Alvin Joselin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Devon Svoboda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Tesuya Takano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Maxime W C Rousseaux
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Steve Callaghan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ruth S Slack
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Shin-Ichi Hisanaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01650, USA
| | - David S Park
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Dianbo Qu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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