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Ma J, Li X, Liu W, Teng F, Hua X. Spatial patterns of intrinsic brain activity in rats with capsular stroke. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3125. [PMID: 37415300 PMCID: PMC10454278 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the neural changes of brain activity in rats with circumscribed capsular infarcts to find a new therapeutic target for promoting the functional recovery. METHODS A total of 18 capsular infarct rats and 18 normal rats were conducted in this study. All animal use procedures were strictly in accordance with the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. After establishing the photothrombotic capsular infarct model, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The fMRI results indicated that the passive movement would induce strong activation in caudate, putamen, frontal association somatosensory cortex, thalamus dorsolateral, and thalamus midline dorsal in control group, and the passive movement would only induce limited activation mostly in somatosensory cortex, thalamus dorsolateral, and thalamus midline dorsal in capsular infarct models. Capsular infarct makes the cortical activity weaken in sensory-related cortex and subcortical nuclei, including capsular area and thalamus. CONCLUSIONS Such findings imply that the posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) is connected to these structures in function, interacts together with them, and, accordingly, the lesion of PLIC manifests the related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Center of Rehabilitation MedicineYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Jia Li
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wen‐Xin Liu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical University, & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral ResuscitationBeijingChina
| | - Fei Teng
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical University, & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral ResuscitationBeijingChina
| | - Xu‐Yun Hua
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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Hirohata T, Kitano T, Saeki C, Baba K, Yoshida F, Kurihara T, Harada K, Saito S, Mochizuki H, Shimodozono M. Quantitative behavioral evaluation of a non-human primate stroke model using a new monitoring system. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:964928. [PMID: 36117634 PMCID: PMC9475201 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.964928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has attracted significant interest as a non-human primate stroke model. Functional impairment in non-human primate stroke models should be evaluated quantitatively and successively after stroke, but conventional observational assessments of behavior cannot fully fit this purpose. In this paper, we report a behavioral analysis using MarmoDetector, a three-dimensional motion analysis, in an ischemic stroke model using photosensitive dye, along with an observational behavioral assessment and imaging examination. Methods Ischemic stroke was induced in the left hemisphere of three marmosets. Cerebral infarction was induced by intravenous injection of rose bengal and irradiation with green light. The following day, the success of the procedure was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The distance traveled, speed, activity time, and jumps/climbs were observed for 28 days after stroke using MarmoDetector. We also assessed the marmosets’ specific movements and postural abnormalities using conventional neurological scores. Results Magnetic resonance imaging diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted images showed hyperintense signals, indicating cerebral infarction in all three marmosets. MarmoDetector data showed that the both indices immediately after stroke onset and gradually improved over weeks. Neurological scores were the worst immediately after stroke and did not recover to pre-infarction levels during the observation period (28 days). A significant correlation was observed between MarmoDetector data and conventional neurological scores. Conclusion In this study, we showed that MarmoDetector can quantitatively evaluate behavioral changes in the acute to subacute phases stroke models. This technique can be practical for research on the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and for the development of new therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Hirohata
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takaya Kitano
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chizu Saeki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Academic Research Division, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kousuke Baba,
| | - Fumiaki Yoshida
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
- Fumiaki Yoshida,
| | - Takashi Kurihara
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Takashi Kurihara,
| | - Katsuhiro Harada
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Shimodozono
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Cirillo C, Le Friec A, Frisach I, Darmana R, Robert L, Desmoulin F, Loubinoux I. Focal Malonate Injection Into the Internal Capsule of Rats as a Model of Lacunar Stroke. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1072. [PMID: 30619036 PMCID: PMC6297868 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is the first cause of disability in adults in western countries. Infarct of the internal capsule (IC) may be related to motor impairment and poor prognosis in stroke patients. Functional deficits due to medium-sized infarcts are difficult to predict, except if the specific site of the lesion is taken into account. None of the few pre-clinical models recapitulating this type of stroke has shown clear, reproducible, and long-lasting sensorimotor deficits. Here, we developed a rat model of lacunar infarction within the IC, key structure of the sensorimotor pathways, by precise injection of malonate. Methods: The mitochondrial toxin malonate was injected during stereotactic surgery into the IC of rat brains. Rats were divided in three groups: two groups received malonate solution at 1.5M (n = 12) or at 3M (n = 10) and a sham group (n = 5) received PBS. Three key motor functions usually evaluated following cerebral lesion in the clinic strength, target reaching, and fine dexterity were assessed in rats by a forelimb grip strength test, a skilled reaching task (staircase) for reaching and dexterity, and single pellet retrieval task. Sensorimotor functions were evaluated by a neurological scale. Live brain imaging, using magnetic resonance (MRI), and post-mortem immunohistochemistry in brain slices were performed to characterize the lesion site after malonate injection. Results: Intracerebral injection of malonate produced a 100% success rate in inducing a lesion in the IC. All rats receiving the toxin, regardless the dose injected, had similar deficits in strength and dexterity of the contralateral forepaw, and showed significant neurological impairment. Additionally, only partial recovery was observed with respect to strength, while no recovery was observed for dexterity and neurological deficit. MRI and immunostaining show volume size and precise location of the lesion in the IC, destruction of axonal structures and Wallerian degeneration of fibers in the area above the injection site. Conclusions: This pre-clinical model of lacunar stroke induces a lesion in the IC with measurable and reproducible sensorimotor deficits, and limited recovery with stabilization of performance 2 weeks post-injury. Future therapies in stroke may be successfully tested in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cirillo
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice Le Friec
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Frisach
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Darmana
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorenne Robert
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Franck Desmoulin
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Loubinoux
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Photothrombotic Stroke as a Model of Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:437-451. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Song H, Jung W, Lee E, Park JY, Kim MS, Lee MC, Kim HI. Capsular stroke modeling based on somatotopic mapping of motor fibers. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2928-2937. [PMID: 27837188 PMCID: PMC5536800 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16679421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several capsular stroke models have been reported with different targets of destruction. This study was performed to establish an accurate internal capsule (IC) target for capsular stroke modeling in rats. We injected adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV)-CaMKII-EYFP into forelimb motor cortex and AAV-CaMKII-mCherry into hindlimb motor cortex (n = 9) to anterogradely trace the pyramidal fibers and map their somatotopic distribution in the IC. On the basis of the neural tracing results, we created photothrombotic infarct lesions in rat forelimb and hindlimb motor fiber (FMF and HMF) areas of the IC (n = 29) and assessed motor behavior using a forelimb-use asymmetry test, a foot-fault test, and a single-pellet reaching test. We found that the FMFs and HMFs were primarily distributed in the inferior portion of the posterior limb of the IC, with the FMFs located largely ventral to the HMFs but with an area of partial overlap. Photothrombotic lesions in the FMF area resulted in persistent motor deficits. In contrast, lesions in the HMF area did not result in persistent motor deficits. These results indicate that identification of the somatotopic distribution of pyramidal fibers is critical for accurate targeting in animal capsular stroke models: only infarcts in the FMF area resulted in long-lasting motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlim Song
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Jung
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eulgi Lee
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- 2 Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Lee
- 3 Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ihl Kim
- 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Neurosurgery, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Edwardson MA, Wang X, Liu B, Ding L, Lane CJ, Park C, Nelsen MA, Jones TA, Wolf SL, Winstein CJ, Dromerick AW. Stroke Lesions in a Large Upper Limb Rehabilitation Trial Cohort Rarely Match Lesions in Common Preclinical Models. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2017; 31:509-520. [PMID: 28337932 DOI: 10.1177/1545968316688799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke patients with mild-moderate upper extremity motor impairments and minimal sensory and cognitive deficits provide a useful model to study recovery and improve rehabilitation. Laboratory-based investigators use lesioning techniques for similar goals. OBJECTIVE To determine whether stroke lesions in an upper extremity rehabilitation trial cohort match lesions from the preclinical stroke recovery models used to drive translational research. METHODS Clinical neuroimages from 297 participants enrolled in the Interdisciplinary Comprehensive Arm Rehabilitation Evaluation (ICARE) study were reviewed. Images were characterized based on lesion type (ischemic or hemorrhagic), volume, vascular territory, depth (cortical gray matter, cortical white matter, subcortical), old strokes, and leukoaraiosis. Lesions were compared with those of preclinical stroke models commonly used to study upper limb recovery. RESULTS Among the ischemic stroke participants, median infarct volume was 1.8 mL, with most lesions confined to subcortical structures (61%) including the anterior choroidal artery territory (30%) and the pons (23%). Of ICARE participants, <1% had lesions resembling proximal middle cerebral artery or surface vessel occlusion models. Preclinical models of subcortical white matter injury best resembled the ICARE population (33%). Intracranial hemorrhage participants had small (median 12.5 mL) lesions that best matched the capsular hematoma preclinical model. CONCLUSIONS ICARE subjects are not representative of all stroke patients, but they represent a clinically and scientifically important subgroup. Compared with lesions in general stroke populations and widely studied animal models of recovery, ICARE participants had smaller, more subcortically based strokes. Improved preclinical-clinical translational efforts may require better alignment of lesions between preclinical and human stroke recovery models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Edwardson
- 1 Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.,2 MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ximing Wang
- 3 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brent Liu
- 3 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Li Ding
- 3 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Caron Park
- 3 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Steven L Wolf
- 5 Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,6 VA Center on Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, USA
| | | | - Alexander W Dromerick
- 1 Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.,2 MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,7 VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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