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Battistelli C, Garbo S, Maione R. MyoD-Induced Trans-Differentiation: A Paradigm for Dissecting the Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Commitment, Differentiation and Reprogramming. Cells 2022; 11:3435. [PMID: 36359831 PMCID: PMC9654159 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the skeletal muscle-specific transcription factor MyoD represents a milestone in the field of transcriptional regulation during differentiation and cell-fate reprogramming. MyoD was the first tissue-specific factor found capable of converting non-muscle somatic cells into skeletal muscle cells. A unique feature of MyoD, with respect to other lineage-specific factors able to drive trans-differentiation processes, is its ability to dramatically change the cell fate even when expressed alone. The present review will outline the molecular strategies by which MyoD reprograms the transcriptional regulation of the cell of origin during the myogenic conversion, focusing on the activation and coordination of a complex network of co-factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Some molecular roadblocks, found to restrain MyoD-dependent trans-differentiation, and the possible ways for overcoming these barriers, will also be discussed. Indeed, they are of critical importance not only to expand our knowledge of basic muscle biology but also to improve the generation skeletal muscle cells for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rossella Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Peng XL, So KK, He L, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Li Y, Yao M, Xu B, Zhang S, Yao H, Hu P, Sun H, Wang H. MyoD- and FoxO3-mediated hotspot interaction orchestrates super-enhancer activity during myogenic differentiation. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:8785-8805. [PMID: 28575289 PMCID: PMC5587775 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Super-enhancers (SEs) are cis-regulatory elements enriching lineage specific key transcription factors (TFs) to form hotspots. A paucity of identification and functional dissection promoted us to investigate SEs during myoblast differentiation. ChIP-seq analysis of histone marks leads to the uncovering of SEs which remodel progressively during the course of differentiation. Further analyses of TF ChIP-seq enable the definition of SE hotspots co-bound by the master TF, MyoD and other TFs, among which we perform in-depth dissection for MyoD/FoxO3 interaction in driving the hotspots formation and SE activation. Furthermore, using Myogenin as a model locus, we elucidate the hierarchical and complex interactions among hotspots during the differentiation, demonstrating SE function is propelled by the physical and functional cooperation among hotspots. Finally, we show MyoD and FoxO3 are key in orchestrating the Myogenin hotspots interaction and activation. Altogether our results identify muscle-specific SEs and provide mechanistic insights into the functionality of SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlu L Peng
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl K So
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liangqiang He
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiajian Zhou
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingze Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Suyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongjie Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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