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Tejeda-Benítez L, Noguera K, Aga D, Olivero-Verbel J. Pesticides in sediments from Magdalena River, Colombia, are linked to reproductive toxicity on Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139602. [PMID: 37480944 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are prevalent pollutants found in river sediments in agricultural regions worldwide, leading to environmental pollution and toxic effects on biota. In this study, twenty sediment samples were collected from the Magdalena River in Colombia and analyzed for forty pesticides. Methanolic extracts of the sediments were used to expose Caenorhabditis elegans for 24 h, evaluating the effects on its reproduction. The most abundant pesticides found in Magdalena River sediments were atrazine, bromacil, DDE, and chlorpyrifos. The concentrations of DDE and the sum of DDD, DDE, and DDT were above the Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC) values for freshwater sediments, indicating potential effects on aquatic organisms. The ratios of DDT/(DDE + DDD) and DDD/DDE suggest historical contributions of DDT and degradation under aerobic conditions. Several sampling sites displayed a moderate toxicity risk to biota, as calculated by the sediment quality guideline quotient (SQGQ). Nematode brood size was reduced by up to 37% after sediment extract exposure. The presence of chlordane, DDT-related compounds, and chlorpyrifos in Magdalena River sediments was associated with reproductive toxicity among C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly Tejeda-Benítez
- Biomedical, Toxicological and Environmental Sciences (Biotoxam), Campus Piedra de Bolivar, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Katia Noguera
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Diana Aga
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia.
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Duran-Izquierdo M, Taboada-Alquerque M, Sierra-Marquez L, Alvarez-Ortega N, Stashenko E, Olivero-Verbel J. Hydroalcoholic extract of Haematoxylum brasiletto protects Caenorhabditis elegans from cadmium-induced toxicity. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:184. [PMID: 35818043 PMCID: PMC9272861 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background H. brasiletto is used in popular culture due to its therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties, although little is known about its role as a protector against metal toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract from H. brasiletto (HAE-Hbrasiletto) collected in northern Colombia to defend against cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity. Methods Phytochemical characterization was performed using HPLC-ESI-QTOF. Caenorhabditis elegans was employed to assess the shielding effect of HAE-Hbrasiletto against Cd toxicity in vivo, and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was utilized to measure radical scavenging activity. Results The main secondary metabolites identified by HPLC-ESI-QTOF in the extracts were hematoxylins (brazilein and hematein) and protosappanins (protosappanin A, B and C, 10-O-methylprotosappanin B, and protosappanin A dimethyl acetal). The HAE-Hbrasiletto elicited low lethality in N2 worms and significantly reduced the Cd-induced death of the nematodes. It also improved Cd-induced motility inhibition, as well as body length and reproduction reduction provoked by the heavy metal. The extract displayed a good capacity to halt Cd-induced DAF-16 translocation. As this last process was associated with lethality (r = 0.962, p < 0.01), the antioxidant properties of the extract may contribute to ameliorating tissue damage induced by oxidative stress from Cd exposure. Conclusion HAE-Hbrasiletto has remarkable properties to protect against Cd-induced toxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03654-6. Most secondary metabolites tentatively identified in H. brasiletto are homoisoflavones. Hidroalcoholic extract of H. brasiletto protects C. elegans from Cd toxicity The extract diminished Cd-induced damage to reproduction, growth, and locomotion. Cd-induced oxidative stress and translocation of DAF-16 are blocked by the extract.
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Polat E, Kang K. Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:584. [PMID: 34063973 PMCID: PMC8224061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health problems and reduced treatment effectiveness due to antimicrobial resistance have become important global problems and are important factors that negatively affect life expectancy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is constantly evolving and can minimize this antimicrobial resistance problem. Reactive oxygen species produced when nontoxic photosensitizers are exposed to light are the main functional components of APDT responsible for microbial destruction; therefore, APDT has a broad spectrum of target pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Various photosensitizers, including natural extracts, compounds, and their synthetic derivatives, are being investigated. The main limitations, such as weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, solubility, specificity, and cost, encourage the exploration of new photosensitizer candidates. Many additional methods, such as cell surface engineering, cotreatment with membrane-damaging agents, nanotechnology, computational simulation, and sonodynamic therapy, are also being investigated to develop novel APDT methods with improved properties. In this review, we summarize APDT research, focusing on natural photosensitizers used in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. In addition, we describe the limitations observed for natural photosensitizers and the methods developed to counter those limitations with emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Polat
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea
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Antioxidant Activities of Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J. B. Gillett) (Burseraceae) Leaf Extracts Using In Vitro and In Vivo Assays. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3043720. [PMID: 33986915 PMCID: PMC8093066 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3043720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Commiphora leptophloeos is widely used in folk medicine without any scientific basis. Considering this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and the antioxidant activity of C. leptophloeos leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo assays. Six extracts were obtained from fresh leaves using a serial extraction (nonpolar to polar solvents). These extracts were first evaluated with the presence of phytochemical compounds using the methods thin layer chromatography (TLC), ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-DAD), and high performance liquid chromatography, both with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Based on the compounds identified, it was used some bioinformatics tools in order to identify possible pathway and gene targets. After that, the antioxidant capacity from these extracts was analysed by in vitro assays and in vivo assays using Caenorhabditis elegans model. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of polyphenols, such as rutin, vitexin, and quercetin diglycosides in all extracts, especially in ethanol extract (EE) and methanol extract (EM). Bioinformatics analysis showed these polyphenols linked to antioxidant pathways. Furthermore, EE and EM displayed a high antioxidant capacity in DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assays. They also had no effect on cell viability for 3T3 nontumour cell. However, for B16-F10 tumour cell lines, these extracts had toxicity effect. In vivo assays using C. elegans N2 showed that EE was not toxic, and it did not affect its viability nor its development. Besides, EE increased worm survival under oxidative stress and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by 50%. Thus, C. leptophloeos EE displayed an important in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity. The EE extract has polyphenols, suggesting that these compounds may be responsible for a myriad of biological activities having this potential to be used in various biotechnological applications.
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Kim JY, Lee SY, Jung SH, Kim MR, Choi ID, Lee JL, Sim JH, Pan CH, Kang K. Protective effect of Lactobacillus casei HY2782 against particulate matter toxicity in human intestinal CCD-18Co cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:519-528. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Alam ST, Le TAN, Park JS, Kwon HC, Kang K. Antimicrobial Biophotonic Treatment of Ampicillin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Hypericin and Ampicillin Cotreatment Followed by Orange Light. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E641. [PMID: 31805742 PMCID: PMC6956302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is an alarming global issue that requires alternative antimicrobial methods to which there is no resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a well-known method to combat this problem for many pathogens, especially Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Hypericin and orange light APDT efficiently kill Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the yeast Candida albicans. Although Gram-positive bacteria and many fungi are readily killed with APDT, Gram-negative bacteria are difficult to kill due to their different cell wall structures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic, life-threatening Gram-negative pathogens. However, it cannot be killed successfully by hypericin and orange light APDT. P. aeruginosa is ampicillin resistant, but we hypothesized that ampicillin could still damage the cell wall, which can promote photosensitizer uptake into Gram-negative cells. Using hypericin and ampicillin cotreatment followed by orange light, a significant reduction (3.4 log) in P. aeruginosa PAO1 was achieved. P. aeruginosa PAO1 inactivation and gut permeability improvement by APDT were successfully shown in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemi Tasnim Alam
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangwon-do 25451, Korea
| | - Tram Anh Ngoc Le
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangwon-do 25451, Korea
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Kim JY, Le TAN, Lee SY, Song DG, Hong SC, Cha KH, Lee JW, Pan CH, Kang K. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Improves Intestinal Permeability Dysfunction in Cultured Human Intestinal Cells and the Model Animal Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9277-9285. [PMID: 31353906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a digestive metabolite originating from cruciferous vegetables, has dietary potential for the treatment of various human intestinal diseases. Although intestinal permeability dysfunction is closely related to the initiation and progression of human intestinal inflammatory diseases (IBDs), the effect of DIM on intestinal permeability is unclear. We evaluated the effect of DIM on the intestinal permeability of human intestinal cell monolayers and the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans, which were treated with IL-1β and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively, to mimic IBD conditions. DIM substantially restored the intestinal permeability of differentiated Caco-2 cells by enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins (including occludin and ZO-1). Compared to the IL-1β single treatment (551.0 ± 49.0 Ω·cm2), DIM (10 μM) significantly increased the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of Caco-2 cell monolayers (919.0 ± 66.4 Ω·cm2, p < 0.001). DIM also ameliorated the impaired intestinal permeability and extended the lifespan of C. elegans fed P. aeruginosa. The mean lifespan of DIM-treated worms (10.8 ± 1.3 days) was higher than that of control-treated worms (9.7 ± 1.1 days, p < 0.01). Thus, DIM is a potential nutraceutical candidate for the treatment of leaky gut syndrome by improving intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yeon Kim
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - Tram Anh Ngoc Le
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Hong
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Products Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Gangneung , Gangwon-do 25451 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
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