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Franz H, Rathod M, Zimmermann A, Stüdle C, Beyersdorfer V, Leal-Fischer K, Hanns P, Cunha T, Didona D, Hertl M, Scheibe M, Butter F, Schmidt E, Spindler V. Unbiased screening identifies regulators of cell-cell adhesion and treatment options in pemphigus. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8044. [PMID: 39271654 PMCID: PMC11399147 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell junctions, and specifically desmosomes, are crucial for robust intercellular adhesion. Desmosomal function is compromised in the autoimmune blistering skin disease pemphigus vulgaris. We combine whole-genome knockout screening and a promotor screen of the desmosomal gene desmoglein 3 in human keratinocytes to identify novel regulators of intercellular adhesion. Kruppel-like-factor 5 (KLF5) directly binds to the desmoglein 3 regulatory region and promotes adhesion. Reduced levels of KLF5 in patient tissue indicate a role in pemphigus vulgaris. Autoantibody fractions from patients impair intercellular adhesion and reduce KLF5 levels in in vitro and in vivo disease models. These effects were dependent on increased activity of histone deacetylase 3, leading to transcriptional repression of KLF5. Inhibiting histone deacetylase 3 increases KLF5 levels and protects against the deleterious effects of autoantibodies in murine and human pemphigus vulgaris models. Together, KLF5 and histone deacetylase 3 are regulators of desmoglein 3 gene expression and intercellular adhesion and represent potential therapeutic targets in pemphigus vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Franz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maitreyi Rathod
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aude Zimmermann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Stüdle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vivien Beyersdorfer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Pauline Hanns
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomás Cunha
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Dario Didona
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Michael Hertl
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Marion Scheibe
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Falk Butter
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Enno Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Volker Spindler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
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Bovio PP, Franz H, Heidrich S, Rauleac T, Kilpert F, Manke T, Vogel T. Differential Methylation of H3K79 Reveals DOT1L Target Genes and Function in the Cerebellum In Vivo. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4273-4287. [PMID: 30302725 PMCID: PMC6505521 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L) mediates methylation of histone H3 at position lysine 79 (H3K79). Conditional knockout of Dot1l in mouse cerebellar granule cells (Dot1l-cKOAtoh1) led to a smaller external granular layer with fewer precursors of granule neurons. Dot1l-cKOAtoh1 mice had impaired proliferation and differentiation of granular progenitors, which resulted in a smaller cerebellum. Mutant mice showed mild ataxia in motor behavior tests. In contrast, Purkinje cell-specific conditional knockout mice showed no obvious phenotype. Genome-wide transcription analysis of Dot1l-cKOAtoh1 cerebella using microarrays revealed changes in genes that function in cell cycle, cell migration, axon guidance, and metabolism. To identify direct DOT1L target genes, we used genome-wide profiling of H3K79me2 and transcriptional analysis. Analysis of differentially methylated regions (DR) and differentially expressed genes (DE) revealed in total 12 putative DOT1L target genes in Dot1l-cKOAtoh1 affecting signaling (Tnfaip8l3, B3galt5), transcription (Otx1), cell migration and axon guidance (Sema4a, Sema5a, Robo1), cholesterol and lipid metabolism (Lss, Cyp51), cell cycle (Cdkn1a), calcium-dependent cell-adhesion or exocytosis (Pcdh17, Cadps2), and unknown function (Fam174b). Dysregulated expression of these target genes might be implicated in the ataxia phenotype observed in Dot1l-cKOAtoh1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Piero Bovio
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henriette Franz
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heidrich
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tudor Rauleac
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Kilpert
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Manke
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Vogel
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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