Atypical cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia induced by chemotherapy in a patient with advanced colon carcinoma

Drug-induced cutaneous pseudolymphoma: A systematic review of the literature

Drug-induced cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPL) is a common form of pseudolymphoma and there are numerous drugs associated with it. In this study, we performed a systematic review of the literature by searching PubMed/Medline and Embase databases to determine the most common drugs responsible for CPL and to define the demographic, clinical, histopathological and immunopathological characteristics of patients (updated on 30 December 2020). From 883 initially found articles, 56 studies (89 reported cases) were included. The mean age of patients was 54.4 ± 17.7 (ranging 8-86) years, and 46 (51.7%) were men. The median time interval between drug intake and CPL occurrence was 120 days (range 1-7300 days). The shortest median time interval between taking the drug and the onset of the disease was observed among patients taking antidepressants (60 days) (range 7-540) and the longest median time interval was observed in individuals using immunomodulators (300 days) (range 3-7300). The most-reported drug categories causing CPL were anti-hypertensives (17.9%), anticonvulsants (14.6%), monoclonal antibodies (13.4%) and antidepressants (11.2%). Moreover, the most common drugs were phenytoin (6.7%), amlodipine (5.6%), fluoxetine (5.6%) and carbamazepine (4.4%). Histopathological evaluation of 76 cases revealed 62 (81.5%) reports of T-cell infiltrations. Furthermore, positive reports of CD4 (94.0%), CD8 (93.0%) and CD30 (87.5%) were noted. The lowest prevalence of CD30-positive reports was observed among monoclonal antibodies. In conclusion, anti-hypertensives, anti-convulsants, monoclonal antibodies and anti-depressants are the most common drugs responsible for CPL. It mostly presents in middle-aged patients with almost no gender difference as pruritic papules, nodules and plaques.

Overexpression of gelsolin reduces the proliferation and invasion of colon carcinoma cells

The enhanced motility of cancer cells via the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial in the process of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. It was previously demonstrated that gelsolin (GSN) may be involved as a tumor or a metastasis suppressor, depending on the cell lines and model systems used. In the present study, the effect of GSN on the growth and invasion of human colon carcinoma (CC) cells was investigated using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. It was observed that upregulation of the expression of GSN in human CC cells significantly reduced the invasiveness of these cells. The expression levels of GSN were observed to be reduced in CC cells, and the reduced expression level of GSN was often associated with a poorer metastasis-free survival rate in patients with CC (P=0.04). In addition, the overexpression of GSN inhibited the invasion of CC cells in vitro. Furthermore, GSN was observed to inhibit signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 signaling in CC cells. Together, these results suggested that GSN is critical in regulating cytoskeletal events and inhibits the invasive and/or metastatic potential of CC cells. The results obtained in the present study may improve understanding of the functional and mechanistic links between GSN as a possible tumor suppressor and the STAT3 signaling pathway, with respect to the aggressive nature of CC. In addition, the present study demonstrated the importance of GSN in regulating the invasion and metastasis of CC cells at the molecular level, suggesting that GSN may be a potential predictor of prognosis and treatment success in CC.