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Jurj A, Pop L, Petrushev B, Pasca S, Dima D, Frinc I, Deak D, Desmirean M, Trifa A, Fetica B, Gafencu G, Selicean S, Moisoiu V, Micu WT, Berce C, Sacu A, Moldovan A, Colita A, Bumbea H, Tanase A, Dascalescu A, Zdrenghea M, Stiufiuc R, Leopold N, Tetean R, Burzo E, Tomuleasa C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Exosome-carried microRNA-based signature as a cellular trigger for the evolution of chronic lymphocytic leukemia into Richter syndrome. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 55:501-515. [PMID: 30238808 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1499707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Even if considered a cumulative and not a proliferative CD5+ B-cell neoplasm, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a proliferation rate higher than that recognized earlier, especially in the lymphoid tissues. Some patients with CLL develop a clinical syndrome entitled Richter syndrome (RS). Understanding CLL genetics and epigenetics may help to elucidate the molecular basics of the clinical heterogeneity of this type of malignancy. In the present project we aimed to identify a microRNA species that can predict the evolution of therapy-resistant CLL towards RS. In the first phase of our study, microRNA-19b was identified as a possible target, and in the second phase, we transfected three different CLL cell lines with microRNA-19b mimic and inhibitor and assessed the potential role on leukemia cells in vitro. The mechanism by which miR-19b acts were identified as the upregulation of Ki67 and downregulation of p53. This was further supported through RT-PCR and western blotting on CLL cell lines, as well as by next generation sequencing on two patients diagnosed with CLL that evolved into RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuta Jurj
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Laura Pop
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Bobe Petrushev
- b Department of Pathology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Sergiu Pasca
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Delia Dima
- c Department of Hematology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Ioana Frinc
- c Department of Hematology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Dalma Deak
- c Department of Hematology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Minodora Desmirean
- d Department of Hematology , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Adrian Trifa
- c Department of Hematology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Bogdan Fetica
- b Department of Pathology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Grigore Gafencu
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Sonia Selicean
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Vlad Moisoiu
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Wilhelm-Thomas Micu
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Cristian Berce
- e Center for Experimental Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Alexandra Sacu
- d Department of Hematology , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Alin Moldovan
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania.,f Department of Hematology , Carol Davilla University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Andrei Colita
- g Department of Hematology , Coltea Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Horia Bumbea
- f Department of Hematology , Carol Davilla University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest , Romania.,h Department of Hematology , University Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Alina Tanase
- h Department of Hematology , University Hospital , Bucharest , Romania.,i Department of Hematology , Fundeni Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Angela Dascalescu
- j Department of Hematology , Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Iasi , Romania.,k Department of Hematology , Regional Institute of Oncology , Iasi , Romania
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- d Department of Hematology , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Rares Stiufiuc
- d Department of Hematology , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Nicolae Leopold
- l Department of Physics , Babes Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Romulus Tetean
- l Department of Physics , Babes Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Emil Burzo
- l Department of Physics , Babes Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca , Romania.,m Romanian Academy , Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania.,c Department of Hematology , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- a Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine , Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj Napoca , Romania
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Abstract
Primary intrinsic and/or acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main obstacle to successful cancer treatment. Functional molecular imaging of MDR in cancer using single photon or positron emitters may be helpful to identify multidrug-resistant tumours and predict not only those patients who are resistant to treatment, with a clinically unfavourable prognosis, but also those who are susceptible to the development of drug toxicity or even certain tumours . Variations in the mdr1 gene product may directly affect the therapeutic effectiveness, and single nucleotide polymorphisms for the mdr1 gene may be associated with altered oral bioavailability of MDR1 substrates, drug resistance, and a susceptibility to some human diseases. The challenge of translating the concept of MDR modulation in vivo involves a complex cellular interplay between both malignant and normal cells. Integration and correlation of functional single photon emission tomography or positron emission tomography imaging findings with mdr1 genotype and clinical data may contribute to efficient management by selecting cancer patients with the appropriate molecular phenotype for maximal individual therapeutic benefit, as well as those who are non-responders. This review describes a role for functional imaging of classical mechanisms of MDR with an emphasis on readily available [99mTc]MIBI scintigraphy. MIBI scintigraphy has been shown to be a non-invasive cost-effective in vivo assay of ATP-binding cassette transporters associated with MDR in cancer, including P-glycoprotein, multidrug-resistant protein 1 and breast cancer resistant protein. New imaging agents for molecular targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor and HER2 receptors, may potentially be combined with MDR imaging substrates to more accurately predict the therapeutic response to anticancer drugs, guiding individualised treatment while minimising the economic health costs of ineffective therapy in an era of personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dizdarevic
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK.
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