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Debela AM, Gonzalez C, Pucci M, Hudie SM, Bazin I. Surface Functionalization Strategies of Polystyrene for the Development Peptide-Based Toxin Recognition. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9538. [PMID: 36502240 PMCID: PMC9735437 DOI: 10.3390/s22239538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of a robust surface functionalization method is indispensable in controlling the efficiency, sensitivity, and stability of a detection system. Polystyrene (PS) has been used as a support material in various biomedical fields. Here, we report various strategies of polystyrene surface functionalization using siloxane derivative, divinyl sulfone, cyanogen bromide, and carbonyl diimidazole for the immobilization of biological recognition elements (peptide developed to detect ochratoxin A) for a binding assay with ochratoxin A (OTA). Our objective is to develop future detection systems that would use polystyrene cuvettes such as immobilization support of biological recognition elements. The goal of this article is to demonstrate the proof of concept of this immobilization support. The results obtained reveal the successful modification of polystyrene surfaces with the coupling agents. Furthermore, the immobilization of biological recognition elements, for the OTA binding assay with horseradish peroxidase conjugated to ochratoxin A (OTA-HRP) also confirms that the characteristics of the functionalized peptide immobilized on polystyrene retains its ability to bind to its ligand. The presented strategies on the functionalization of polystyrene surfaces will offer alternatives to the possibilities of immobilizing biomolecules with excellent order- forming monolayers, due to their robust surface chemistries and validate a proof of concept for the development of highly efficient, sensitive, and stable future biosensors for food or water pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Debela
- HSM, University Montpellier, MT Mines Ales, CNRS, IRD, Ales, 30119 Ales, France
| | - Catherine Gonzalez
- HSM, University Montpellier, MT Mines Ales, CNRS, IRD, Ales, 30119 Ales, France
| | - Monica Pucci
- LMGC, University Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, CNRS, Ales, 30119 Ales, France
| | - Shemsia M. Hudie
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ingrid Bazin
- HSM, University Montpellier, MT Mines Ales, CNRS, IRD, Ales, 30119 Ales, France
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Vaibavi SR, Sivasubramaniapandian M, Vaippully R, Edwina P, Roy B, Bajpai SK. Calcium-channel-blockers exhibit divergent regulation of cancer extravasation through the mechanical properties of cancer cells and underlying vascular endothelial cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 80:171-190. [PMID: 34643835 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cancer illnesses often co-exist, share pathological pathways, and complicate therapy. In the context of the potential oncological role of cardiovascular-antihypertensive drugs (AHD), here we examine the role of calcium-channel blocking drugs on mechanics of extravasating cancer cells, choosing two clinically-approved calcium-channel blockers (CCB): Verapamil-hydrochloride and Nifedipine, as model AHD to simultaneously target cancer cells (MCF7 and or MDA231) and an underlying monolayer of endothelial cells (HUVEC). First, live-cell microscopy shows that exposure to Nifedipine increases the spreading-area, migration-distance, and frequency of transmigration of MCF-7 cells through the HUVEC monolayer, whereas Verapamil has the opposite effect. Next, impedance-spectroscopy shows that for monolayers of either endothelial or cancer cells, Nifedipine-treatment alone decreases the impedance of both cases, suggesting compromised cell-cell integrity. Furthermore, upon co-culturing MCF-7 on the HUVEC monolayers, Nifedipine-treated MCF-7 cells exhibit weaker impedance than Verapamil-treated MCF-7 cells. Following, fluorescent staining of CCB-treated cytoskeleton, focal adhesions, and cell-cell junction also indicated that Nifedipine treatment diminished the cell-cell integrity, whereas verapamil treatment preserved the integrity. Since CCBs regulate intracellular Ca2+, we next investigated if cancer cell's exposure to CCBs regulates calcium-dependent processes critical to extravasation, specifically traction and mechanics of plasma membrane. Towards this end, first, we quantified the 2D-cellular traction of cells in response to CCBs. Results show that exposure to F-actin depolymerizing drug decreases traction stress significantly only for Nifedipine-treated cells, suggesting an actin-independent mechanism of Verapamil activity. Next, using an optical tweezer to quantify the mechanics of plasma membrane (PM), we observe that under constant, externally-applied tensile strain, PM of Nifedipine-treated cells exhibits smaller relaxation-time than Verapamil and untreated cells. Finally, actin depolymerization significantly decreases MSD only for Verapamil treated cancer-cells and endothelial cells and not for Nifedipine-treated cells. Together, our results show that CCBs can have varied, mechanics-regulating effects on cancer-cell transmigration across endothelial monolayers. A judicious choice of CCBs is critical to minimizing the pro-metastatic effects of antihypertension therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Vaibavi
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | | | - Rahul Vaippully
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | - Privita Edwina
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | - Basudev Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
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Tobias C, Climent E, Gawlitza K, Rurack K. Polystyrene Microparticles with Convergently Grown Mesoporous Silica Shells as a Promising Tool for Multiplexed Bioanalytical Assays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:207-218. [PMID: 33348979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional core/shell particles are highly sought after in analytical chemistry, especially in methods suitable for single-particle analysis such as flow cytometry because they allow for facile multiplexed detection of several analytes in a single run. Aiming to develop a powerful bead platform of which the core particle can be doped in a straightforward manner while the shell offers the highest possible sensitivity when functionalized with (bio)chemical binders, polystyrene particles were coated with different kinds of mesoporous silica shells in a convergent growth approach. Mesoporous shells allow us to obtain distinctly higher surface areas in comparison with conventional nonporous shells. While assessing the potential of narrow- as well as wide-pore silicas such as Mobil composition of matter no. 41 (MCM-41) and Santa Barbara amorphous material no. 15 (SBA-15), especially the synthesis of the latter shells that are much more suitable for biomolecule anchoring was optimized by altering the pH and both, the amount and type of the mediator salt. Our studies showed that the best performing material resulted from a synthesis using neutral conditions and MgSO4 as an ionic mediator. The analytical potential of the particles was investigated in flow cytometric DNA assays after their respective functionalization for individual and multiplexed detection of short oligonucleotide strands. These experiments revealed that a two-step modification of the silica surface with amino silane and succinic anhydride prior to coupling of an amino-terminated capture DNA (c-DNA) strand is superior to coupling carboxylic acid-terminated c-DNA to aminated core/shell particles, yielding limits of detection (LOD) down to 5 pM for a hybridization assay, using labeled complementary single-stranded target DNA (t-DNA) 15mers. The potential of the use of the particles in multiplexed analysis was shown with the aid of dye-doped core particles carrying a respective SBA-15 shell. Characteristic genomic sequences of human papillomaviruses (HPV) were chosen as the t-DNA analytes here, since their high relevance as carcinogens and the high number of different pathogens is a relevant model case. The title particles showed a promising performance and allowed us to unequivocally detect the different high- and low-risk HPV types in a single experimental run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Tobias
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Estela Climent
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kornelia Gawlitza
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Abdali H, Heli B, Ajji A. Stable and sensitive amino-functionalized graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composites for room-temperature carbon dioxide sensing. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41240-41247. [PMID: 35540051 PMCID: PMC9076375 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06223h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes the preparation and characterization of amino-functionalized graphene (AmG)/polyaniline (PANI)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofiber mats along with the efficiency of these nanofiber composites as a new material for sensing carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. The surfaces of the PMMA nanofibers were treated at room temperature by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. AmG/PANI was then deposited on the surfaces of the PMMA nanofibers via chemical oxidative polymerization. It was concluded that UV radiation reduced the hydrophobicity of the PMMA surface through introducing oxidized groups onto the surface. The electrical response of the gas sensor based on the composite nanofibers was investigated at room temperature using various concentrations of CO2 gas. Compared to the PANI/PMMA nanofibers, the AmG/PANI nanofiber composites displayed a better electrical resistance response to CO2 at room temperature; the AmG/PANI nanofiber composites exhibited higher sensitivity and faster response times under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Abdali
- NSERC-Industry Chair, CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada +1-514-340-4159 +1-514-340-4711 ext. 3703
- Ministry of Education P.O. Box 225085 Riyadh 11153 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bentolhoda Heli
- NSERC-Industry Chair, CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada +1-514-340-4159 +1-514-340-4711 ext. 3703
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- NSERC-Industry Chair, CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada +1-514-340-4159 +1-514-340-4711 ext. 3703
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Sun C, Zeng R, Zhang J, Qiu ZJ, Wu D. Effects of UV-Ozone Treatment on Sensing Behaviours of EGFETs with Al₂O₃ Sensing Film. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E1432. [PMID: 29244769 PMCID: PMC5744367 DOI: 10.3390/ma10121432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of UV-ozone (UVO) treatment on the sensing behaviours of extended-gate field-effect transistors (EGFETs) that use Al₂O₃ as the sensing film have been investigated. The Al₂O₃ sensing films are UVO-treated with various duration times and the corresponding EGFET sensing behaviours, such as sensitivity, hysteresis, and long-term stability, are electrically evaluated under various measurement conditions. Physical analysis is also performed to characterize the surface conditions of the UVO-treated sensing films using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. It is found that UVO treatment effectively reduces the buried sites in the Al₂O₃ sensing film and subsequently results in reduced hysteresis and improved long-term stability of EGFET. Meanwhile, the observed slightly smoother Al₂O₃ film surface post UVO treatment corresponds to decreased surface sites and slightly reduced pH sensitivity of the Al₂O₃ film. The sensitivity degradation is found to be monotonically correlated with the UVO treatment time. A treatment time of 10 min is found to yield an excellent performance trade-off: clearly improved long-term stability and reduced hysteresis at the cost of negligible sensitivity reduction. These results suggest that UVO treatment is a simple and facile method to improve the overall sensing performance of the EGFETs with an Al₂O₃ sensing film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ruixue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Junkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Dongping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Mamat N, Darus F, Md Isa R, Jaafar M, Kawashita M. Hierarchical bioceramic scaffold for tissue engineering: A review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1291507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Normahira Mamat
- Biomaterials Niche Area Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Fadilah Darus
- Biomaterials Niche Area Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Rosaniza Md Isa
- Biomaterials Niche Area Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Mariatti Jaafar
- Biomaterials Niche Area Group, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Masakazu Kawashita
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Samsudin N, Hashim YZHY, Arifin MA, Mel M, Salleh HM, Sopyan I, Jimat DN. Optimization of ultraviolet ozone treatment process for improvement of polycaprolactone (PCL) microcarrier performance. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:601-616. [PMID: 28337561 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing cells on microcarriers may have overcome the limitation of conventional cell culture system. However, the surface functionality of certain polymeric microcarriers for effective cell attachment and growth remains a challenge. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable polymer has received considerable attention due to its good mechanical properties and degradation rate. The drawback is the non-polar hydrocarbon moiety which makes it not readily suitable for cell attachment. This report concerns the modification of PCL microcarrier surface (introduction of functional oxygen groups) using ultraviolet irradiation and ozone (UV/O3) system and investigation of the effects of ozone concentration, the amount of PCL and exposure time; where the optimum conditions were found to be at 60,110.52 ppm, 5.5 g PCL and 60 min, respectively. The optimum concentration of carboxyl group (COOH) absorbed on the surface was 1495.92 nmol/g and the amount of gelatin immobilized was 320 ± 0.9 µg/g on UV/O3 treated microcarriers as compared to the untreated (26.83 ± 3 µg/g) microcarriers. The absorption of functional oxygen groups on the surface and the immobilized gelatin was confirmed with the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and the enhancement of hydrophilicity of the surface was confirmed using water contact angle measurement which decreased (86.93°-49.34°) after UV/O3 treatment and subsequently after immobilization of gelatin. The attachment and growth kinetics for HaCaT skin keratinocyte cells showed that adhesion occurred much more rapidly for oxidized surfaces and gelatin immobilized surface as compared to untreated PCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhusna Samsudin
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Level 3, KICT Building, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azmir Arifin
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Maizirwan Mel
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamzah Mohd Salleh
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Level 3, KICT Building, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Iis Sopyan
- Department of Manufacturing and Material Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dzun Noraini Jimat
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Labonté V, Marion A, Virgilio N, Tavares JR. Gas-Phase Surface Engineering of Polystyrene Beads Used to Challenge Automated Particle Inspection Systems. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vickie Labonté
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, stat. Centre-Ville, Montréal (Quebec) H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Antoine Marion
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, stat. Centre-Ville, Montréal (Quebec) H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Nick Virgilio
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, stat. Centre-Ville, Montréal (Quebec) H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Jason R. Tavares
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, stat. Centre-Ville, Montréal (Quebec) H3C 3A7, Canada
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Gan Z, Yang Y, Li J, Wen X, Zhu M, Jiang Y, Ni Y. Using sensor and spectral analysis to classify botanical origin and determine adulteration of raw honey. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rabiatul AR, Lokanathan Y, Rohaina CM, Chowdhury SR, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BHI. Surface modification of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofibers for the development of in vitro respiratory epithelium model. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:1297-311. [PMID: 26335265 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1088183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold design is an important aspect of in vitro model development. In this study, nanoscaffold surface modification, namely UV radiation and genipin cross-linking to immobilize collagen on the surface of electrospun poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofiber sheet was investigated. Samples were divided into four groups; PMMA nanofibers (PMMA), collagen-coated PMMA nanofibers (PMMACOL), genipin cross-linked collagen-coated PMMA nanofibers (PMMAGEN), and UV-irradiated collagen-coated PMMA nanofibers (PMMAUV). 6 h of UV radiation significantly reduced the hydrophobicity of PMMA nanofibers from (131.88° ± 1.33°) to (110.04° ± 0.27°) (p < 0.05). The amount of collagen immobilized was significantly higher in PMMAGEN group (239.36 ± 16.63 μg collagen/mg nanofibers) (p < 0.05) compared to the other groups. RECs on all scaffold expressed epithelial cell-specific markers (CK18 and CK14), mucin-producing cell marker (MUC5Ac) and were actively proliferating, based on the positive expression of Ki67. Total number of attached cells was significantly the highest in PMMAUV group on day 9 (6.44 × 10(4) ± 2.77 × 10(4) cells/cm(2)) and it has the highest proliferation rate from day 4 to 9 (0.005 ± 0.003 h(-1)) compared to the other groups. Even though PMMAGEN group showed the highest collagen adsorption, in terms of cells attachment and proliferation, PMMAUV group showed a better outcome compared to the other groups. Thus, PMMAUV scaffold is more suitable to be used in the construction of in vitro respiratory epithelial model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Rabiatul
- a Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Y Lokanathan
- a Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - C M Rohaina
- a Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - S R Chowdhury
- a Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - B S Aminuddin
- b Ear, Nose and Throat Consultant Clinic, Ampang Puteri Specialist Hospital , Ampang , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - B H I Ruszymah
- a Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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Jafari R, Tatoulian M, Arefi-Khonsari F. Improvement of the stability of plasma polymerized acrylic acid coating deposited on PS beads in a fluidized bed reactor. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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