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Abdou M, Ramadan A, El-Agamy BE, EL-Farsy MS, Saleh EM. Mutational analysis of phospholipase C epsilon 1 gene in Egyptian children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is characterized by unresponsiveness of nephrotic range proteinuria to standard steroid therapy, and is the main cause of childhood renal failure. The identification of more than 53 monogenic causes of SRNS has led researchers to focus on the genetic mutations related to the molecular mechanisms of the disease. Mutations in the PLCE1 gene, which encodes phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCε1), have been described in patients with early-onset SRNS characterized by progressive renal failure. In this study we screened for PLCE1 mutations in Egyptian children with SRNS. This is a descriptive case series study aiming to screen for PLCE1 gene mutations by direct sequencing of five exons—9, 12, 15, 19, 27—in 20 Egyptian children with SRNS who entered the Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University from November 2015 to December 2017. The variants detected were submitted to in silico analysis.
Results
We screened for mutations in five selected exons of PLCE1 gene. We identified seven variants in the five selected exons with homozygous and heterozygous inheritance pattern, two are intronic variants, two are silent variants, and three are missense variants. We identified four novel variants two are silent with no clinical significance and two are missense with uncertain clinical significance and pathogenic in-silico predictions; one p.Arg1230His in exon 12, the other is p.Glu1393Lys in exon 15.
Conclusions
We identified four novel mutations, findings which added to the registered SNP spectrum of the PLCE1 gene. These results widen the spectrum of PLCE1 gene mutations and support the importance of genetic testing in different populations of SRNS patients, therefore, to assess the vulnerability of Egyptian children to SRNS candidate genes, further studies needed on a larger number of cases which undoubtedly provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of SRNS and might help in control of the patient. Additionally, the use of computational scoring and modeling tools may assist in the evaluation of the way in which the SNPs affect protein functionality.
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Sahu SN, Satpathy SS, Pattnaik S, Mohanty C, Pattanayak SK. Boerhavia diffusa plant extract can be a new potent therapeutics against mutant nephrin protein responsible for type1 nephrotic syndrome: Insight into hydrate-ligand docking interactions and molecular dynamics simulation study. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Zhou Q, Weng Q, Zhang X, Liu Y, Tong J, Hao X, Shi H, Shen P, Ren H, Xie J, Chen N. Association Between NPHS2 p.R229Q and Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis/Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:937122. [PMID: 35935761 PMCID: PMC9354893 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.937122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim NPHS2 is the coding gene of podocin. This study aims to investigate the association between NPHS2 p.R229Q (rs61747728), the most frequently reported missense variant of NPHS2, and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) based on typing the variant in a Chinese FSGS/SRNS cohort and conducting a meta-analysis. Method We recruited patients with FSGS or SRNS and healthy individuals. To conduct a meta-analysis, all studies on p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS were searched from public databases. Results In total, we enrolled 204 patients with FSGS, 61 patients with SRNS [46 with FSGS, 9 with minimal change disease (MCD), and six patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN)], and 100 healthy controls. Unexpectedly, p.R229Q was absent in the patients from our cohort. By meta-analysis of 21 studies including 2,489 patients with FSGS/SRNS and 6,004 healthy controls, we confirmed that the A allele of p.R229Q was significantly associated with increased risk of FSGS/SRNS (allelic OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.44-2.52, P < 0.001). However, the subgroup analysis showed that the association between p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS was true only in Caucasians (allelic OR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.54-2.98, P < 0.001) and in early-onset patients (allelic OR: 2.13, 95% CI = 1.21-3.76, P = 0.009). Conclusion NPHS2 p.R229Q may play an important role in enhancing the susceptibility of FSGS/SRNS, especially in ethnicity of Caucasian and age of early-onset patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxiu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Tong
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingyan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyuan Xie,
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Nan Chen,
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