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Ahmed NJ, Amin ZA, Kheder RK, Pirot RQ, Mutalib GA, Jabbar SN. Immuno-inflammatory and organ dysfunction markers in severe COVID-19 patients. Cytokine 2024; 182:156715. [PMID: 39067395 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus may induce some complications among people who experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and some of them recover without requiring special treatment. Albeit, some individuals become seriously reached risk points and require special medical attention especially older people and people who suffer from chronic diseases. Serum and whole blood samples were collected from confirmed infected persons with SARS CoV-2 by real-time PCR and the control group. All lab. Investigations were performed using Cobas 6000. Significant differences were noted between patients compared to the control group in the Mean ± SD of IL-6 (76.06 ± 7.60 vs 3.61 ± 0.296 pg/ml), Procalcitonin (0.947 ± 0.117 vs 0.061 ± 0.007 ng/ml), CRP (125.3 ± 7.560 vs 4.027 ± 0.251 mg/dl), ALT (154.8 ± 30.47 vs 49.75 ± 2.977 IU/L) and AST (70.83 ± 9.215 vs 27.23 ± 1.767) respectively. While other parameters were also showed significant differences were noted between patients compared to the control group for D-Dimmer, PT, PTT, LDH, Ferritin, WBC, Lymphocyte and Creatinine. The results reached that the effect of SARS CoV-2 and cytokine storm was clear on the body's organs through vital biomarker investigations that were performed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najat Jabbar Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zahra A Amin
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania 46012, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.
| | - Rzgar Qadir Pirot
- Biology Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania 46012, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Gulstan A Mutalib
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Sana Najat Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Lionte C, Sorodoc V, Haliga RE, Bologa C, Ceasovschih A, Petris OR, Coman AE, Stoica A, Sirbu O, Puha G, Constantin M, Dumitrescu G, Gorciac V, Chelariu AC, Catana AN, Jaba E, Sorodoc L. Inflammatory and Cardiac Biomarkers in Relation with Post-Acute COVID-19 and Mortality: What We Know after Successive Pandemic Waves. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1373. [PMID: 35741183 PMCID: PMC9222082 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers were correlated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. No prediction tools exist for noncritically ill COVID-19 patients. We aimed to compare the independent prognostic value of inflammation and cardiac biomarkers for post-acute COVID-19 patients and the 30-day mortality rate in noncritically ill COVID-19 patients, as well as the relation with the virus variant involved. METHODS This observational cohort study was conducted at an emergency clinical hospital between 1 October 2020 and 31 December 2021. We included consecutive patients with biomarkers determined within 24 h of presentation, followed up at least 30 days postdischarge. RESULTS Post-acute COVID-19 was diagnosed in 20.3% of the cases and the all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 35.1% among 978 patients infected with variants of concern. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (1.06 [95%CI, 1.01-1.11], p = 0.015) and NT-pro BNP were correlated with 30-daymortality, while the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (2.77 [95%CI, 1.10-6.94], p = 0.03) and NT-pro BNP (1.68 [95%CI, 1.00-2.84], p = 0.05) were correlated with post-acute COVID-19. High-sensitivity to troponin was associated with 30-day mortality (1.55 [95%CI, 1.00-2.42], p = 0.05). A Cox proportional-hazards model confirmed that NT-pro BNP was independently associated with mortality. NT-pro BNP remained independently associated with 30-day mortality during follow-up (1.29 [95%CI, 1.07-1.56], p = 0.007) after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSION Inflammation and cardiac biomarkers, determined upon admission and predischarge, in a cohort of hospitalized noncritically ill COVID-19 patients throughout successive pandemic waves, showed a predictive value for post-acute COVID-19 and 30-day mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Lionte
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Victorita Sorodoc
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Raluca Ecaterina Haliga
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Cristina Bologa
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Alexandr Ceasovschih
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Ovidiu Rusalim Petris
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
- Nursing Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adorata Elena Coman
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
- Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Stoica
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Oana Sirbu
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Gabriela Puha
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Mihai Constantin
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Gabriela Dumitrescu
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
| | - Victoria Gorciac
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
- Rheumatology Department, Clinical Recovery Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei-Costin Chelariu
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
- Hematology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Nicoleta Catana
- Infectious Disease Compartment, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elisabeta Jaba
- Statistics Department, FEEA, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Laurentiu Sorodoc
- Internal Medicine Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.E.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (G.P.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (L.S.)
- Second Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (O.R.P.); (A.E.C.); (V.G.); (A.-C.C.)
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