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Zhou Y, Gong J, Deng X, Shen L, Liu L. Novel insights: crosstalk with non-puerperal mastitis and immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1431681. [PMID: 39148739 PMCID: PMC11324573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1431681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The two primary types of non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) are granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and plasma cell mastitis (PCM). Existing research indicates that immune inflammatory response is considered to be the core of the pathogenesis of GLM and PCM, and both innate and adaptive immune responses play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCM and GLM. However, the regulatory balance between various immune cells in these diseases is still unclear. Consequently, we present a comprehensive summary of the immune-related variables and recent advances in GLM and PCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianguang Deng
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lele Shen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li F, Nie L, Huang J, Sin TH, Wang X, Zhang F, Ma J, Shi X, Chen L, Niu K, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Evaluation of significantly changed chemokine factors of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis in non-puerperal patients. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23745. [PMID: 38923065 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400114rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), a recurrent inflammation disease of the non-lactating breast, has had an increasing clinical morbidity rate in recent years, and its complicated symptoms and unclear etiology make it challenging to treat. This rare benign inflammatory breast disease, centered on the lobules, represents the most challenging type of non-puerperal mastitis (NPM), also known as non-lactating mastitis. In this study, patients diagnosed with IGM (M, n = 23) were recruited as cases, and patients with benign control breast disease (C, n = 17) were enrolled as controls. Cytokine microarray detection measured and analyzed the differentially expressed cytokine factors between IGM and control patients. Then, we verified the mRNA and protein expression levels of the significantly changed cytokine factors using Q-RT-PCR, ELISA, western blot, and IHC experiments. The cytokine factor expression levels significantly changed compared to the control group. We observed a significant increase between IGM and control patients in cytokine factors expression, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF RII). Then, we verified the expression of these top five dysregulated factors in both mRNA and protein levels. Our results demonstrated the cytokine map in IGM and indicated that several cytokines, especially chemokines, were associated with and significantly dysregulated in IGM tissues compared to the control group. The chemokine factors involved might be essential in developing and treating IGM. These findings would be helpful for a better understanding of IGM and offer valuable insights for devising novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Li
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Longzhu Nie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tat-Hang Sin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Dangdai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Dangdai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunying Niu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Dangdai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Salih AM, Pshtiwan LR, Abdullah AM, Dhahir HM, Ali HO, Muhialdeen AS, Hussein BO, Hassan SH, Kakamad FH. Granulomatous mastitis masking ductal carcinoma in situ: A case report with literature review. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:17. [PMID: 38169821 PMCID: PMC10758918 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare inflammatory disorder that infrequently occurs with synchronous breast carcinoma. The present study reports the case of a patient who was initially diagnosed with recurrent GM, which eventually proved to be masking an underlying ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A 30-year-old female presented with left breast pain. On clinical examination, there was a large, palpable and painful lump in the left breast, with axillary lymphadenopathy. Initially, the diagnosis was GM and conservative treatment was applied. Surgical resection was decided upon for the condition after it became recurrent, and the histopathological examination revealed extensive DCIS with GM. Later on, the patient underwent a mastectomy with an axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy. The postoperative follow-up was uneventful. In conclusion, tissue diagnosis has a key role in detecting DCIS masked by GM, especially in young females who are not undergoing regular mammogram screening. The present study shows the challenge that the specialists in this field may face when dealing with recurrent GM of the breast, and warns them to search for a second pathology such as the DCIS presented in the current case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahid M. Salih
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaymaniyah, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Lana R.A. Pshtiwan
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Ari M. Abdullah
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
- Department of Pathology, Sulaymaniyah Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Hardi M. Dhahir
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Halkawt Omer Ali
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Aso S. Muhialdeen
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
- Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Bushra O. Hussein
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Shko H. Hassan
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
| | - Fahmi H. Kakamad
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaymaniyah, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
- Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
- Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Republic of Iraq
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Chirumbolo S, Franzini M, Pandolfi S, Tirelli U, Valdenassi L. Commentary: Ozone therapy as a novel complementary therapeutic approach in refractory idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1272059. [PMID: 38148915 PMCID: PMC10750398 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1272059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marianno Franzini
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Pandolfi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Valdenassi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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