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Mahdiani S, Omidkhoda N, Rezaee R, Heidari S, Karimi G. Induction of JAK2/STAT3 pathway contributes to protective effects of different therapeutics against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113751. [PMID: 36162372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficiency in coronary blood supply results in myocardial ischemia and consequently, various clinical syndromes and irreversible injuries. Myocardial damage occurs as a result of two processes during acute myocardial infarction (MI): ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. According to the available evidence, oxidative stress, excessive inflammation reaction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis are crucial players in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. There is emerging evidence that Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway offers cardioprotection against myocardial IR injury. This article reviews therapeutics that exert cardioprotective effects against myocardial IR injury through induction of JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Mahdiani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Omidkhoda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shadi Heidari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Mansour BS, Salem NA, Kader GA, Abdel-Alrahman G, Mahmoud OM. Protective effect of Rosuvastatin on Azithromycin induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model. Life Sci 2021; 269:119099. [PMID: 33476632 PMCID: PMC7816566 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Azithromycin is widely used broad spectrum antibiotic recently used in treatment protocol of COVID-19 for its antiviral and immunomodulatory effects combined with Hydroxychloroquine or alone. Rat models showed that Azithromycin produces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis of myocardial tissue. Rosuvastatin, a synthetic statin, can attenuate myocardial ischemia with antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. This study aims to evaluate the probable protective effect of Rosuvastatin against Azithromycin induced cardiotoxicity. MAIN METHOD Twenty adult male albino rats were divided randomly into four groups, five rats each control, Azithromycin, Rosuvastatin, and Azithromycin +Rosuvastatin groups. Azithromycin 30 mg/kg/day and Rosuvastatin 2 mg/kg/day were administrated for two weeks by an intragastric tube. Twenty-four hours after the last dose, rats were anesthetized and the following measures were carried out; Electrocardiogram, Blood samples for Biochemical analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). The animals sacrificed, hearts excised, apical part processed for H&E, immunohistochemical staining, and examined by light microscope. The remaining parts of the heart were collected for assessment of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Reduced Glutathione (GSH). KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that Rosuvastatin significantly ameliorates ECG changes, biochemical, and Oxidative stress markers alterations of Azithromycin. Histological evaluation from Azithromycin group showed marked areas of degeneration, myofibers disorganization, inflammatory infiltrate, and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed significant increase in both Caspase 3 and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) immune stain. Rosuvastatin treated group showed restoration of the cardiac muscle fibers in H&E and Immunohistochemical results. SIGNIFICANCE We concluded that Rosuvastatin significantly ameliorates the toxic changes of Azithromycin on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma S Mansour
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Noha A Salem
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Ghada Abdel Kader
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | | | - Omayma M Mahmoud
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
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Zhang H, Lu X, Liu Z, Du K. Rosuvastatin reduces the pro-inflammatory effects of adriamycin on the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3415-3423. [PMID: 30320373 PMCID: PMC6202077 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosuvastatin has cardiac protective effects through its anti‑inflammatory effects. The nuclear protein high‑mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can activate inflammatory pathways when released from dying cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin in adriamycin (ADR)‑treated rats. Adult male rats were randomized to three groups: i) Control group, ii) ADR group, and iii) ADR+rosuvastatin group. Serum biochemical indices were measured using an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. The expression of HMGB1 and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Cytokines were measured using flow cytometry. Rosuvastatin improved the biochemical indices and cardiac morphology and alleviated the pathological lesions. In the ADR+rosuvastatin group, the mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the myocardium were significantly lower compared with those in the ADR group (both P<0.05). The results showed that rosuvastatin significantly reduced the levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the myocardium of the ADR‑treated rats. These results suggest that the protective effects of rosuvastatin may be associated with attenuation of the HMGB1/RAGE‑mediated inflammatory response in ADR‑treated rats. Despite this protective effect of rosuvastatin in the present study, it did not improve cardiac function in terms of the diastolic left ventricular internal dimension, systolic left ventricular internal dimension, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening; this may be due the observation duration being insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Kang Du
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Han Q, Zhang HY, Zhong BL, Zhang B, Chen H. Antiapoptotic Effect of Recombinant HMGB1 A-box Protein via Regulation of microRNA-21 in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model in Rats. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:192-202. [PMID: 26862785 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ~80 amino acid A box DNA-binding domain of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein antagonizes proinflammatory responses during myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. The exact role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) is unknown, but its altered levels are evident in I/R injury. This study examined the roles of HMGB1 A-box and miR-21 in rat myocardial I/R injury model. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six equal groups: (1) Sham; (2) I/R; (3) Ischemic postconditioning (IPost); (4) AntagomiR-21 post-treatment; (5) Recombinant HMGB1 A-box pretreatment; and (6) Recombinant HMGB1 A-box + antagomiR-21 post-treatment. Hemodynamic indexes, arrhythmia scores, ischemic area and infarct size, myocardial injury, and related parameters were studied. Expression of miR-21 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to quantify apoptosis. Left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximal rate of pressure rise (+dp/dtmax), and decline (-dp/dtmax) showed clear reduction upon treatment with recombinant HMGB1 A-box. Arrhythmia was relieved and infarct area decreased in the group pretreated with recombinant HMGB1 A-box, compared with other groups. Circulating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in response to irreversible cellular injury, while creatine kinase MB isoenzymes (CK-MB) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were reduced in the I/R group, which was reversed following recombinant HMGB1 A-box treatment. Interestingly, pretreatment with recombinant HMGB1 A-box showed the most dramatic reductions in miR-21 levels, compared with other groups. Significantly reduced apoptotic index (AI) was seen in recombinant HMGB1 A-box pretreatment group and recombinant HMGB1 A-box + antagomiR-21 post-treatment group, with the former showing a more dramatic lowering in AI than the latter. Bax, caspase-8, and CHOP showed reduced expression, and Bcl-2 and p-AKT levels were upregulated in recombinant HMGB1 A-box pretreatment group. Thus, recombinant HMGB1 A-box treatment protects against I/R injury and the mechanisms may involve inhibition of miR-21 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Han
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Yong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Long Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
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Cai J, Wen J, Bauer E, Zhong H, Yuan H, Chen AF. The Role of HMGB1 in Cardiovascular Biology: Danger Signals. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:1351-69. [PMID: 26066838 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence shows that dysregulated immune response contributes to several types of CVDs such as atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Vascular intimal impairment and low-density lipoprotein oxidation trigger a complex network of innate immune responses and sterile inflammation. RECENT ADVANCES High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear DNA-binding protein, was recently discovered to function as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) that initiates the innate immune responses. These findings lead to the understanding that HMGB1 plays a critical role in the inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of CVD. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we highlight the role of extracellular HMGB1 as a proinflammatory mediator as well as a DAMP in coronary artery disease, cerebral artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and PH. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A key focus for future researches on HMGB1 location, structure, modification, and signaling will reveal HMGB1's multiple functions and discover a targeted therapy that can eliminate HMGB1-mediated inflammation without interfering with adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cai
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Juan Wen
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Eileen Bauer
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hua Zhong
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Yao HC, Yang LJ, Han QF, Wang LH, Wu L, Zhang CY, Tian KL, Zhang M. Postconditioning with simvastatin decreases myocardial injury in rats following acute myocardial ischemia. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1166-1170. [PMID: 25780404 PMCID: PMC4353796 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether postconditioning with simvastatin attenuated myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in rat myocardium following acute myocardial ischemia. In total, 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operation (sham; n=10), acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n=10) and simvastatin (sim; n=10) groups. The AMI and sim groups were subjected to ischemia for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 180 min. The rats in the sim group were administered 20 mg/kg simvastatin intravenously 5 min prior to reperfusion. Subsequently, the infarct size, serum cardiac troponin (c-TnI), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of HMGB1. Postconditioning with simvastatin was shown to decrease the infarct size and HMGB1 expression levels in the myocardium following AMI (P<0.05). In addition, postconditioning with simvastatin not only decreased the serum levels of c-TnI and TNF-α (P<0.05), but also inhibited the increase in MDA levels and the reduction in SOD activity (P<0.05). Therefore, postconditioning with simvastatin was shown to attenuate myocardial injury. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the downregulation of HMGB1 expression in the ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China ; Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lan-Ju Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Feng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lan-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Li Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ShandongUniversity School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Hu X, Zhang K, Xu C, Chen Z, Jiang H. Anti-inflammatory effect of sodium butyrate preconditioning during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:229-232. [PMID: 24944626 PMCID: PMC4061237 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has an important role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sodium butyrate, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, has been shown to inhibit HMGB1 expression. In the present study, the effect of sodium butyrate on myocardial I/R injury in rats was investigated. Anesthetized male rats were intraperitoneally administered sodium butyrate (100 or 300 mg/kg) 30 min prior to the induction of ischemia. The rats were then subjected to ischemia for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 4 h. Infarct size, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were then measured. The expression of HMGB1 was assessed using western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that pretreatment with sodium butyrate (300 mg/kg) significantly reduced the infarct size, as well as the levels of LDH and CK (P<0.05). In addition, sodium butyrate (300 mg/kg) was shown to significantly inhibit the I/R-induced increase in the level of MDA and reduction in the level of SOD (P<0.05). Furthermore, treatment with sodium butyrate (300 mg/kg) was found to significantly inhibit the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB1 induced by I/R injury (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results from the present study suggest that preconditioning with sodium butyrate may attenuate myocardial I/R injury by inhibition of the expression of inflammatory mediators during myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei 435000, P.R. China
| | - Changwu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqaing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei 435000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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