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Song G, Shang C, Zhu Y, Xiu Z, Li Y, Yang X, Ge C, Han J, Jin N, Li Y, Li X, Fang J. Apoptin Inhibits Glycolysis and Regulates Autophagy by Targeting Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) in Lung Cancer A549 Cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:411-424. [PMID: 36284386 PMCID: PMC10964080 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666221025150239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key enzyme in aerobic glycolysis and plays an important role in tumor energy metabolism and tumor growth. Ad-apoptin, a recombinant oncolytic adenovirus, can stably express apoptin in tumor cells and selectively causes cell death in tumor cells. OBJECTIVE The relationship between the anti-tumor function of apoptin, including apoptosis and autophagy activation, and the energy metabolism of tumor cells has not been clarified. METHODS In this study, we used the A549 lung cancer cell line to analyze the mechanism of PKM2 involvement in apoptin-mediated cell death in tumor cells. PKM2 expression in lung cancer cells was detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. In the PKM2 knockdown and over-expression experiments, A549 lung cancer cells were treated with Ad-apoptin, and cell viability was determined by the CCK-8 assay and crystal violet staining. Glycolysis was investigated using glucose consumption and lactate production experiments. Moreover, the effects of Ad-apoptin on autophagy and apoptosis were analyzed by immunofluorescence using the Annexin v-mCherry staining and by western blot for c-PARP, p62, and LC3-II proteins. Immunoprecipitation analysis was used to investigate the interaction between apoptin and PKM2. In addition, following PKM2 knockdown and overexpression, the expression levels of p-AMPK, p-mTOR, p-ULK1, and p-4E-BP1 proteins in Ad-apoptin treated tumor cells were analyzed by western blot to investigate the mechanism of apoptin effect on the energy metabolism of tumor cells. The in vivo antitumor mechanism of apoptin was analyzed by xenograft tumor inhibition experiment in nude mice and immunohistochemistry of tumors' tissue. RESULTS As a result, apoptin could target PKM2, inhibit glycolysis and cell proliferation in A549 cells, and promote autophagy and apoptosis in A549 cells by regulating the PKM2/AMPK/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION This study confirmed the necessary role of Ad-apoptin in the energy metabolism of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojie Song
- Medical College, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130117, China
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Chao Shang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Zhiru Xiu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Yaru Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Chenchen Ge
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Jicheng Han
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130117, China
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130117, China
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130122, China
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Kumar A, Das SK, Emdad L, Fisher PB. Applications of tissue-specific and cancer-selective gene promoters for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 160:253-315. [PMID: 37704290 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment of solid tumors with standard of care chemotherapies, radiation therapy and/or immunotherapies are often limited by severe adverse toxic effects, resulting in a narrow therapeutic index. Cancer gene therapy represents a targeted approach that in principle could significantly reduce undesirable side effects in normal tissues while significantly inhibiting tumor growth and progression. To be effective, this strategy requires a clear understanding of the molecular biology of cancer development and evolution and developing biological vectors that can serve as vehicles to target cancer cells. The advent and fine tuning of omics technologies that permit the collective and spatial recognition of genes (genomics), mRNAs (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics), metabolites (metabolomics), epiomics (epigenomics, epitranscriptomics, and epiproteomics), and their interactomics in defined complex biological samples provide a roadmap for identifying crucial targets of relevance to the cancer paradigm. Combining these strategies with identified genetic elements that control target gene expression uncovers significant opportunities for developing guided gene-based therapeutics for cancer. The purpose of this review is to overview the current state and potential limitations in developing gene promoter-directed targeted expression of key genes and highlights their potential applications in cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Apoptotic and autophagic cell death induced in cervical cancer cells by a dual specific oncolytic adenovirus. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:361-372. [PMID: 36730009 PMCID: PMC9891282 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oncolytic adenoviruses are capable of exerting anticancer effects via a variety of mechanisms, including apoptosis and autophagy. In the present study, the dual-specific antitumor oncolytic adenovirus, Ad-Apoptin-hTERT-E1a (ATV), was used to infect cervical cancer cell lines to test its antitumor effects. METHODS To explore the use of apoptin in tumor gene therapy, a recombinant adenovirus ATV expressing the apoptin protein was assessed to determine its lethal and growth-inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells in vitro . Nonapoptotic autophagy of HeLa cells infected with ATV was assessed by examining the cell morphology, development of acidic vesicular organelles and the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) from its cytoplasmic to autophagosomal membrane form. Using gene silencing (knockdown of LC3 and Belin-1), autophagy-associated molecules (e.g. ATG5, ATG12 and ULK1) were monitored by real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS A series of experiments demonstrated that ATV could significantly induce apoptosis and autophagy in cervical cancer cells, and provided evidence that ATV not only induced apoptosis but also autophagy and ATG5, ATG12 and ULK1 related pathways were not entirely dependent on LC3 and Beclin-1. CONCLUSION These results indicate that ATV may have a potential application in tumor gene therapy.
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Wang J, Zuo S, Zhang Y, Li S, Shi Y, Du T, Han J, Jin N, Li Y, Li X. Recombinant Oncolytic Adenovirus Combined with Cyclophosphamide Induces Synergy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:2749-2761. [PMID: 36133740 PMCID: PMC9484773 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s373271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oncolytic virus therapy has gradually become an integral approach in cancer treatment. We explored the therapeutic effects of the combination of a dual cancer-selective anti-tumor recombinant adenovirus (Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a) and cyclophosphamide on breast cancer cells. Methods The inhibition of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT), cyclophosphamide, and Ad-VT + Cyclophosphamide was investigated using the CCK-8 assay. The combination index (CI) was calculated using CalcuSyn software to determine the best combination based on the inhibition rates of the different treatment combinations. The CCK-8 assay and crystal violet staining were used to detect the cytotoxicity of the combined Ad-VT and cyclophosphamide in breast cancer cells and breast epithelial cells. Subsequently, Hoechst staining, annexin V flow cytometry, and JC-1 staining were used to analyze the inhibitory pathway of Ad-VT plus cyclophosphamide on breast cancer cells. Cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells were assessed using the cell-scratch and Transwell assays. The anti-tumor effects of different treatment groups in a tumor-bearing nude mouse model also were analyzed. Results The treatment combination of Ad-VT (40 MOI) and cyclophosphamide (400 µM) significantly inhibited MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and reduced the toxicity of cyclophosphamide in normal cells. Ad-VT primarily induced breast cancer cell apoptosis through the endogenous apoptotic pathway. Apoptosis was significantly increased after treatment with Ad-VT plus cyclophosphamide. The combination significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that exposure to Ad-VT plus cyclophosphamide significantly inhibited tumor growth and extended the survival time of the nude mice. Conclusion Ad-VT plus cyclophosphamide reduced toxicity and exhibited increased efficacy in treating breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zuo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonghua Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Han
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
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Apoptin mediates mitophagy and endogenous apoptosis by regulating the level of ROS in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:134. [PMID: 36050738 PMCID: PMC9438158 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00940-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apoptin, as a tumor-specific pro-apoptotic protein, plays an important anti-tumoral role, but its mechanism of autophagy activation and the interaction between autophagy and apoptosis have not been accurately elucidated. Here, we studied the mechanism of apoptin-induced apoptosis and autophagy and the interaction between two processes. Methods Using crystal violet staining and the CCK-8 assay, we analyzed the effect of apoptin in the inhibition of liver cancer cells in vitro and analyzed the effect of inhibiting liver cancer in vivo by establishing a nude mouse tumor model. Flow cytometry and fluorescence staining were used to analyze the main types of apoptin-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Subsequently, the relationship between the two events was also analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of ROS on apoptin-mediated apoptosis and autophagy mediated by apoptin. The effect of ROS on two phenomena was analyzed. Finally, the role of key genes involved in autophagy was analyzed using gene silencing. Results The results showed that apoptin can significantly increase the apoptosis and autophagy of liver cancer cells, and that apoptin can cause mitophagy through the increase in the expression of NIX protein. Apoptin can also significantly increase the level of cellular ROS, involved in apoptin-mediated autophagy and apoptosis of liver cancer cells. The change of ROS may be a key factor causing apoptosis and autophagy. Conclusion The above results indicate that the increase in ROS levels after apoptin treatment of liver cancer cells leads to the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, resulting in endogenous apoptosis and mitophagy through the recruitment of NIX. Therefore, ROS may be a key factor connecting endogenous apoptosis and autophagy induced by apoptin in liver cancer cells. Graphical abstract ![]()
Video abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00940-1.
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Li T, Fang J, Chu J, Liu X, Li Y, Zhu Y, Li S, Xiu Z, Li Y, Jin N, Zhu G, Sun L, Li X. In vivo and in vitro inhibition of SCLC by combining dual cancer-specific recombinant adenovirus with Etoposide. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1073-1085. [PMID: 35038020 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as an important modality in cancer treatment. In a previous study, we designed and constructed Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT), a dual cancer-selective anti-tumor recombinant adenovirus. METHODS To explore the therapeutic effect of recombinant adenovirus Ad-VT together with Etoposide on small cell lung cancer, the ability of Ad-VT alone, Etoposide alone, and a combination of Ad-VT + Etoposide to inhibit proliferation of NCI-H446 and BEAS-2B cells was investigated using the WST-1 method. According to the inhibitory action of different combinations, a combination index (CI) was estimated by CalcuSyn software to select the best combination. The inhibitory effect of Ad-VT combined with Etoposide on NCI-H446 and BEAS-2B cells was detected by crystal violet staining and the CFST method. Hoechst, Annexin V and JC-1 staining were used to explore the inhibitory pathway of Ad-VT combined with Etoposide on NCI-H446 cells. The migratory and invasive abilities of treated NCI-H446 cells were assessed by Transwell and BioCat methods. Tumor volume, body weight and survival rate were measured to analyze the anti-tumor and toxic effects of different treatments in tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS Ad-VT (20 MOI) combined with Etoposide (400 nM) significantly inhibited NCI-H446 cell proliferation with reduced toxicity of Etoposide to normal cells. Ad-VT induced apoptosis of NCI-H446 cells mainly through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, an effect significantly increased by the combined treatment. Ad-VT together with Etoposide significantly inhibited migration and invasion of NCI-H446 cells, inhibited tumor growth in vivo and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS The above results indicate that when combined with Etoposide, Ad-VT may have an important role in synergistically inhibiting tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihao Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiru Xiu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhe Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, People's Republic of China. .,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, Zhu Y, Han J, Fang J, Xiu Z, Li S, Li W, Yang X, Jin N, Sun L, Li X, Li Y. Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a Regulates Autophagy Through the AMPK-mTOR-eIF4F Signaling Axis to Reduce Drug Resistance of MCF-7/ADR Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:763500. [PMID: 34869595 PMCID: PMC8640141 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.763500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ad-VT (Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a) is a type of oncolytic adenovirus with dual specific tumor cell death ability. It can effectively induce cell death of breast cancer cells and has better effect when used in combination with chemotherapy drugs. However, it has not been reported whether Ad-VT reduces the resistance of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Ad-VT on drug resistance of Adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cells. For this, the effects of different doses of Ad-VT on the resistance of breast cancer cells to Adriamycin were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative experiments in vitro and in vivo. The Ad-VT can reduce the resistance of MCF-7/ADR to adriamycin, which is caused by the reduction of MRP1 protein level in MCF-7/ADR cells after treatment with Ad-VT, and MRP1 can be interfered with by autophagy inhibitors. Subsequently, the upstream signal of autophagy was analyzed and it was found that Ad-VT reduced the resistance of cells to doxorubicin by reducing the level of mTOR, and then the analysis of the upstream and downstream proteins of mTOR found that Ad-VT increased the sensitivity of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin by activating AMPK-mTOR-eIF4F signaling axis. Ad-VT can not only significantly induce cell death in MCF-7/ADR cells, but also improved their sensitivity to Adriamycin. Therefore, the combination of Ad-VT and chemotherapy drugs may become a new strategy for the treatment of breast cancer in overcoming Adriamycin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jicheng Han
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiru Xiu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Kana SI, Essani K. Immuno-Oncolytic Viruses: Emerging Options in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:301-313. [PMID: 33713031 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-021-00517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common neoplasm in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA. A safer and more effective therapeutic intervention against this malignant carcinoma is called for given the limitations and toxicities associated with the currently available treatment modalities. Immuno-oncolytic or oncolytic virotherapy, the use of viruses to selectively or preferentially kill cancer cells, has emerged as a potential anticancer treatment modality. Oncolytic viruses act as double-edged swords against the tumors through the direct cytolysis of cancer cells and the induction of antitumor immunity. A number of such viruses have been tested against colorectal cancer, in both preclinical and clinical settings, and many have produced promising results. Oncolytic virotherapy has also shown synergistic antitumor efficacy in combination with conventional treatment regimens. In this review, we describe the status of this therapeutic approach against colorectal cancer at both preclinical and clinical levels. Successes with and the challenges of using oncolytic viruses, both as monotherapy and in combination therapy, are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Islam Kana
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008-5410, USA
| | - Karim Essani
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008-5410, USA.
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Shang C, Zhu YL, Li YQ, Song GJ, Ge CC, Lu J, Xiu ZR, Li WJ, Li SZ, Cong JN, Liu ZR, Li X, Sun LL, Jin NY. Autophagy promotes oncolysis of an adenovirus expressing apoptin in human bladder cancer models. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:949-960. [PMID: 33534026 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a potential cancer therapy, we developed a recombinant adenovirus named Ad-VT, which was designed to express the apoptosis-inducing gene (apoptin) and selectively replicate in cancer cells via E1a manipulation. However, how it performs in bladder cancer remains unclear. We examined the antitumor efficacy of Ad-VT in bladder cancers using CCK-8 assays and xenograft models. Autophagy levels were evaluated by western blotting, MDC staining, and RFP-GFP-LC3 aggregates' analyses. Here, we report the selective replication and antitumor efficacy (viability inhibition and apoptosis induction) of Ad-VT in bladder cancer cells. Using xenograft tumor models, we demonstrate that its effects are tumor specific resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth and improvement of the survival of mice models. Most Importantly, Ad-VT induced a complete autophagy flux leading to autophagic cancer cell death through a signaling pathway involving AMPK, raptor and mTOR. Finally, we suggest that treatment combination of Ad-VT and rapamycin results in a synergistic improvement of tumor control and survival compared to monotherapy. This study suggests that Ad-VT can induce selective autophagic antitumor activities in bladder cancer through the AMPK-Raptor-mTOR pathway, which can be further improved by rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Quan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Jie Song
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Chen Ge
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ru Xiu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Zhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Nan Cong
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Rui Liu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning-Yi Jin
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Liuying west road, 666, Jingyue Economic & Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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10
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A dual cancer-specific recombinant adenovirus suppresses the growth of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:110-122. [PMID: 31658131 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic virus therapy is emerging as important means in cancer treatment. In a previous study, we constructed a dual cancer-specific antitumor recombinant adenovirus, designating it Ad-apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT). This study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of recombinant adenovirus Ad-apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT) in liver cancer. Crystal Violet staining and CCK-8 assays were used to analyse the inhibitory effect of recombinant adenovirus on human hepatoma cell line QGY-7703 and SMMC-7721. Ad-VT had a significant tumour killing inhibitory effect on QGY-7703 and SMMC-7721 cells that was both dose and a time dependent. Ad-VT-induced apoptosis of QGY-7703 cells was detected using Hoechst, Annexin V, and JC-1 staining, as well as western blotting. Recombinant adenovirus had a strong apoptosis-inducing effect on QGY-7703 cells, and killed QGY-7703 cells mainly through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. QGY-7703 cells invasion were detected using cell-scratch and Transwell assays. Recombinant adenovirus could significantly inhibit the invasion of QGY-7703 cells over a short period of time. The pGL4.51 plasmid was used to transfect QGY-7703 cells to construct tumour cells stably expressing luciferase (QGY-7703-LUC). The tumour inhibition effect of Ad-VT in vivo was subsequently confirmed by establishing a tumour-bearing nude mouse model. Ad-VT could effectively inhibit tumour growth and prolong survival of the mice. Recombinant adenovirus Ad-VT has the characteristics of tumour-specific replication and specific tumour killing, and could inhibit the growth of liver cancer QGY-7703 cells and promote their apoptosis.
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11
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Montaño-Samaniego M, Bravo-Estupiñan DM, Méndez-Guerrero O, Alarcón-Hernández E, Ibáñez-Hernández M. Strategies for Targeting Gene Therapy in Cancer Cells With Tumor-Specific Promoters. Front Oncol 2020; 10:605380. [PMID: 33381459 PMCID: PMC7768042 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.605380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second cause of death worldwide, surpassed only by cardiovascular diseases, due to the lack of early diagnosis, and high relapse rate after conventional therapies. Chemotherapy inhibits the rapid growth of cancer cells, but it also affects normal cells with fast proliferation rate. Therefore, it is imperative to develop other safe and more effective treatment strategies, such as gene therapy, in order to significantly improve the survival rate and life expectancy of patients with cancer. The aim of gene therapy is to transfect a therapeutic gene into the host cells to express itself and cause a beneficial biological effect. However, the efficacy of the proposed strategies has been insufficient for delivering the full potential of gene therapy in the clinic. The type of delivery vehicle (viral or non viral) chosen depends on the desired specificity of the gene therapy. The first gene therapy trials were performed with therapeutic genes driven by viral promoters such as the CMV promoter, which induces non-specific toxicity in normal cells and tissues, in addition to cancer cells. The use of tumor-specific promoters over-expressed in the tumor, induces specific expression of therapeutic genes in a given tumor, increasing their localized activity. Several cancer- and/or tumor-specific promoters systems have been developed to target cancer cells. This review aims to provide up-to-date information concerning targeting gene therapy with cancer- and/or tumor-specific promoters including cancer suppressor genes, suicide genes, anti-tumor angiogenesis, gene silencing, and gene-editing technology, as well as the type of delivery vehicle employed. Gene therapy can be used to complement traditional therapies to provide more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Montaño-Samaniego
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Diana M Bravo-Estupiñan
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Méndez-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ernesto Alarcón-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Ibáñez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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12
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Oncolytic Adenovirus CD55-Smad4 Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Metastasis, and Tumor Stemness in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120593. [PMID: 33322272 PMCID: PMC7763845 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past few decades, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality have significantly increased, and CRC has become the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Thus, exploring novel effective therapies for CRC is imperative. In this study, we investigated the effect of oncolytic adenovirus CD55-Smad4 on CRC cell growth. Cell viability assay, animal experiments, flow cytometric analysis, cell migration, and invasion assays, and Western blotting were used to detect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. The oncolytic adenovirus CD55-Smad4 was successfully constructed and effectively suppressed CRC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Notably, CD55-Smad4 activated the caspase signaling pathway, inducing the apoptosis of CRC cells. Additionally, the generated oncolytic adenovirus significantly suppressed migration and invasion of CRC cells by overexpressing Smad4 and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway. Moreover, CRC cells treated with CD55-Smad4 formed less and smaller spheroid colonies in serum-free culture than cells in control groups, suggesting that CD55-Smad4 suppressed the stemness of CRC cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Together, the results of this study provide valuable information for the development of a novel strategy for cancer-targeting gene-virotherapy and provide a deeper understanding of the critical significance of Smad4 in gene therapy of CRC.
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13
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Cui Y, Li Y, Li S, Li W, Zhu Y, Wang J, Liu X, Yue Y, Jin N, Li X. Anti-tumor effect of a dual cancer-specific recombinant adenovirus on ovarian cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112185. [PMID: 32828827 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptin can specifically kill cancer cells but has no toxicity to normal cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) acts as a tumor-specific promoter, triggering certain genes to replicate or express only in tumor cells, conferring specific replication and killing abilities. This study aimed at investigating the anticancer potential of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT) in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS Crystal Violet staining and WST-1 assays were used to analyze the inhibitory effect of Ad-VT on ovarian cancer SKOV3 and OVCAR-3 cells. Ad-VT-induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, was detected using Hoechst, Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1 staining. Cell migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells were detected using cell-scratch and Transwell assays. The pGL4.51 plasmid was used to transfect and to generate SKOV3-LUC cells, that stably express luciferase. The in vivo tumor inhibition effect of Ad-VT was subsequently confirmed using a tumor-bearing nude mouse model. RESULTS Ad-VT had a strong apoptosis-inducing effect on SKOV3 and OVCAR-3 cells, that was mainly mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The Ad-VT could significantly increase the inhibition of ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion. The Ad-VT also can inhibit tumor growth and reduce toxicity in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The recombinant adenovirus, comprising the apoptin protein and the hTERTp promoter, was able to inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells and promote their apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Cui
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, 130122, PR China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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14
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Li Y, Zhu Y, Fang J, Li W, Li S, Liu X, Liu Z, Song G, Shang C, Cong J, Bai B, Sun L, Jin N, Li X. Apoptin Regulates Apoptosis and Autophagy by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Levels in Human Liver Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1026. [PMID: 32714864 PMCID: PMC7344208 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptin is a protein that specifically induces apoptosis in tumor cells. The anti-tumorigenic functions of Apoptin, including autophagy activation and its interaction with apoptosis, have not been precisely elucidated. Here we investigate the main pathways of apoptin-mediated killing of human liver cancer cells, as well as its putative role in autophagy and apoptosis. The anti-proliferative effect of apoptin in liver cancer cells was analyzed in vitro by crystal violet staining and MTS detection, and also in vivo using a tumor-based model. The main pathway related to apoptin-induced growth inhibition in vitro was evaluated by flow cytometry and fluorescence staining. The relationship between apoptosis and autophagy on apoptin-treating cells was analyzed using apoptosis and autophagy inhibitors, mitochondrial staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI flow detection, LC3 staining, and western blotting. The effect of ROS toward the apoptosis and autophagy of apoptin-treating cells was also evaluated by ROS detection, Annexin V-FITC/PI flow detection, LC3 staining, and western blotting. Inhibition of apoptosis in apoptin-treating liver cancer cells significantly reduced the autophagy levels in vitro. The overall inhibition increased from 12 h and the effect was most obvious at 48 h. Inhibition of autophagy could increase apoptin-induced apoptosis of cells in a time-dependent manner, reaching its peak at 24 h. Apoptin significantly alters ROS levels in liver cancer cells, and this effect is directly related to apoptosis and autophagy. ROS appears to be the key factor linking apoptin-induced autophagy and apoptosis through the mitochondria in liver cancer cells. Therefore, evaluating the interaction between apoptin-induced apoptosis and autophagy is a promising step for the development of alternate tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinbo Fang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Gaojie Song
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Shang
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Jianan Cong
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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15
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Wang J, Li Y, Li S, Yao W, Liu X, Zhu Y, Li W, Sun L, Jin N, Li X. Anti-tumor Synergistic Effect of a Dual Cancer-Specific Recombinant Adenovirus and Paclitaxel on Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:244. [PMID: 32269962 PMCID: PMC7109281 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the anticancer potential of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT) and its synergistic combination with paclitaxel (PTX) in breast cancer treatment. First, we used the Calcusyn software to analyze the synergy between the Ad-VT and paclitaxel, and to determine the final drug concentration. Second, we used crystal violet staining and WST-1 assays to analyze the inhibitory effect of Ad-VT and paclitaxel combination treatment on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-10A cells. Subsequently, we used Hoechst, Annexin V, JC-1 staining to analyze the inhibition pathway of drugs on breast cancer cells. We also used Transwell assays to analyze the cell migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The pGL4.51 plasmid was used to transfect and to generate MDA-MB-231 cells, that stably express luciferase (MDA-MB-231-LUC). The in vivo tumor inhibition effect of Ad-VT and paclitaxel combination treatment was subsequently confirmed using a tumor-bearing nude mouse model. This combination treatment can increase the inhibition of breast cancer cells and reduce paclitaxel toxicity. Ad-VT had a strong apoptosis-inducing effect on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, that was mainly mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The combination of Ad-VT and paclitaxel could significantly increase the inhibition of breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Combination of Ad-VT and paclitaxel can inhibit tumor growth and reduce toxicity in vivo. Ad-VT can also inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and promote their apoptosis. Meanwhile, when it is combined with paclitaxel, Ad-VT could play a significant role in a synergistic tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Offices Administration, Central Military Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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16
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Liu X, Yang Z, Li Y, Zhu Y, Li W, Li S, Wang J, Cui Y, Shang C, Liu Z, Song G, Li C, Li X, Shao G, Jin N. Chemovirotherapy of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Combining Oncolytic Adenovirus With Gemcitabine. Front Oncol 2020; 10:229. [PMID: 32158698 PMCID: PMC7052302 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as an important agent in cancer treatment. In a previous study, we designed and constructed Ad-Apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT), a dual cancer-selective anti-tumor recombinant adenovirus. In this study, crystal violet staining and WST-1 assays showed that Ad-VT has a significant tumor killing effect in a time and dose dependent manner. The combination of Ad-VT (10 MOI) and gemcitabine (10 nM) significantly inhibited NCI-H226 cells, but did not increase the killing effect of gemcitabine on human normal bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B. Hoechst, JC-1 and Annexin V experiments demonstrated that the combination of Ad-VT and gemcitabine mainly inhibited NCI-H226 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis (mitochondrial pathway). The combination also significantly inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of NCI-H226 cells. In vivo, Ad-VT in combination with low-dose gemcitabine could effectively inhibit tumor growth and prolong survival of mice. Ad-VT has the characteristics of tumor-selective replication and killing, in vitro and in vivo. The combined application of Ad-VT and gemcitabine has a synergistic effect, which can increase the anti-tumor effect and reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs, indicating that Ad-VT has a potential clinical value in the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiguang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingli Cui
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Department of Oncology Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Shang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Gaojie Song
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoguang Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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17
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Lee CL, Veeramani S, Molouki A, Lim SHE, Thomas W, Chia SL, Yusoff K. Virotherapy: Current Trends and Future Prospects for Treatment of Colon and Rectal Malignancies. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:393-414. [PMID: 31502477 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1660887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies. In recent decades, early diagnosis and conventional therapies have resulted in a significant reduction in mortality. However, late stage metastatic disease still has very limited effective treatment options. There is a growing interest in using viruses to help target therapies to tumour sites. In recent years the evolution of immunotherapy has emphasised the importance of directing the immune system to eliminate tumour cells; we aim to give a state-of-the-art over-view of the diverse viruses that have been investigated as potential oncolytic agents for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Liang Lee
- Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine (PU-RCSI) , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Sanggeetha Veeramani
- Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine (PU-RCSI) , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Aidin Molouki
- Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Karaj , Iran
| | - Swee Hua Erin Lim
- Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine (PU-RCSI) , Serdang , Malaysia.,Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Warren Thomas
- Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine (PU-RCSI) , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Suet Lin Chia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
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Chen S, Li YQ, Yin XZ, Li SZ, Zhu YL, Fan YY, Li WJ, Cui YL, Zhao J, Li X, Zhang QG, Jin NY. Recombinant adenoviruses expressing apoptin suppress the growth of MCF‑7 breast cancer cells and affect cell autophagy. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2818-2832. [PMID: 30896879 PMCID: PMC6448129 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis both promote cell death; however, the relationship between them is subtle, and they mutually promote and antagonize each other. Apoptin can induce apoptosis of various tumor cells; however, tumor cell death is not only caused by apoptosis. Whether apoptin affects tumor cell autophagy is poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of apoptin using recombinant adenoviruses expressing apoptin. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and proteomics analyses revealed that apoptin could induce autophagy in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The results also suggested that apoptin affected autophagy in a time- and dose-dependent manner. During the early stage of apoptin stimulation (6 and 12 h), the expression levels of autophagy pathway-associated proteins, including Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3, autophagy-related 4B cysteine peptidase and autophagy-related 5, were significantly increased, suggesting that apoptin promoted the upregulation of autophagy in MCF-7 cells. Conversely, after 12 h of apoptin stimulation, the expression levels of apoptosis-associated proteins were decreased, thus suggesting that apoptosis may be inhibited. Therefore, it was hypothesized that apoptin may enhance autophagy and inhibit apoptosis in MCF-7 cells at the early stage. In conclusion, apoptin-induced cell death may involve both autophagy and apoptosis. The induction of autophagy may inhibit apoptosis, whereas apoptosis may inhibit autophagy; however, occasionally both pathways operate at the same time and involve apoptin. This apoptin-associated selection between tumor cell survival and death may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Li
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Xun-Zhe Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Zhi Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Long Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Li Cui
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Gao Zhang
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Ning-Yi Jin
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Xiong F, Qian K, Liu Y, Liang B, Xiong B, Yang F, Zheng C. Transcatheter arterial embolization combined with hypoxia-replicative oncolytic adenovirus perfusion enhances the therapeutic effect of hepatic carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:981-996. [PMID: 30774426 PMCID: PMC6350642 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s189208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transcatheter arterial embolization or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization has become a critical therapy for unresectable hepatocarcinoma. Although hypoxia caused by embolization can induce apoptosis and necrosis of the majority of tumor cells, a small proportion of cells can survive with hypoxia and chemotherapy resistance. HIF-1α induced by hypoxia is the key factor rendering surviving tumor cells invasive and metastatic properties. Thus, we generated a synthetic hypoxia-replicative oncolytic adenovirus (HYAD) expecting to further eliminate the surviving tumor cells, which expressed HIF-1α. Materials and methods In our study, we detected protein expression, proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis of hepatic tumor cell line when infected with HYAD under hypoxia and normoxia. And we constructed VX2 hepatic cancer rabbit models to explore the therapeutic effect of transcatheter arterial embolization combined with HYAD perfusion under digital subtraction angiography. Inhibition of tumor growth and invasion was detected by histopathological examination and contrast-enhanced CT scan. Results Experiments in vitro verified that HYAD expressed and replicated along with HIF-1α expression or hypoxia. Compared with wild adenovirus type 5 (WT), HYAD expressed much more under hypoxia, which was the main principle of HYAD killing surviving tumor cells posttransarterial embolization. In vivo experiment of VX2 models, HYAD perfusion combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) embolization achieved the highest expression quantity and the longest expression duration compared with simple HYAD perfusion, WT perfusion combined with PVA embolization, and simple WT perfusion. Because adenovirus expression protein E1A had the properties of promoting apoptosis, inhibiting invasion, and inhibiting metastasis, HYAD perfusion combined with PVA embolization group efficiently repressed tumor growth and intrahepatic metastases compared to other processing groups. Conclusion HYAD can overcome the hypoxic tumor microenvironment postembolization and target the surviving tumor cells with specificity. In turn, HYAD perfusion combined with PVA embolization can bring out the best effect in each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, ;
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Cui CX, Li YQ, Sun YJ, Zhu YL, Fang JB, Bai B, Li WJ, Li SZ, Ma YZ, Li X, Wang WH, Jin NY. Antitumor effect of a dual cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus on prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:352.e1-352.e18. [PMID: 30665692 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apoptin can specifically kill cancer cells but has no toxicity to normal cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) acts as a tumor-specific promoter, triggering certain genes to replicate or express only in tumor cells, conferring specific replication and killing abilities. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-apoptin-hTERTp-E1a (Ad-VT) in prostate cancer. METHODS The pGL4.51 plasmid was used to transfect PC-3 cells to construct tumor cells stably expressing luciferase (PC-3-luc). Crystal violet staining and MTS assays determined the ability of Ad-VT to inhibit cell proliferation. Ad-VT-induced apoptosis of PC-3-luc cells was detected using Hoechst, Annexin V, JC-1 staining, and caspases activity analysis. PC-3-luc cells invasion and migration were detected using cell-scratch and Transwell assays. In vivo tumor inhibition was detected using imaging techniques. RESULTS Crystal violet staining and MTS results showed that the proliferation ability of PC-3-luc cells decreased significantly. Hoechst, JC-1, and Annexin V experiments demonstrated that Ad-VT mainly induced apoptosis to inhibit PC-3-luc cell proliferation. Ad-VT could significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of PC-3-luc cells over a short period of time. In vivo, Ad-VT could effectively inhibit tumor growth and prolong survival of the mice. CONCLUSIONS The recombinant adenovirus, comprising the apoptin protein and the hTERTp promoter, was able to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer PC-3 cells and promote their apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Xin Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China; Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Sun
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Long Zhu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bo Fang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Bing Bai
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Jiang su Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Zhi Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhen Ma
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Jiang su Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China; Jiang su Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China; Department of Urology Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.
| | - Ning-Yi Jin
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P. R. China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P. R. China; Jiang su Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China.
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Tissue Specific Promoters in Colorectal Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:390161. [PMID: 26648599 PMCID: PMC4662999 DOI: 10.1155/2015/390161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma is the third most prevalent cancer in the world. In the most advanced stages, the use of chemotherapy induces a poor response and is usually accompanied by other tissue damage. Significant progress based on suicide gene therapy has demonstrated that it may potentiate the classical cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer. The inconvenience still rests with the targeting and the specificity efficiency. The main target of gene therapy is to achieve an effective vehicle to hand over therapeutic genes safely into specific cells. One possibility is the use of tumor-specific promoters overexpressed in cancers. They could induce a specific expression of therapeutic genes in a given tumor, increasing their localized activity. Several promoters have been assayed into direct suicide genes to cancer cells. This review discusses the current status of specific tumor-promoters and their great potential in colorectal carcinoma treatment.
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