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Sadek AA, Abd-Elkareem M, Abdelhamid HN, Moustafa S, Hussein K. Repair of critical-sized bone defects in rabbit femurs using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) and graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5404. [PMID: 37012344 PMCID: PMC10070441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various biomaterials have been evaluated to enhance bone formation in critical-sized bone defects; however, the ideal scaffold is still missing. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo regenerative capacity of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials to stimulate critical-sized bone defect regeneration. The in vitro cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility of g-C3N4 and GO were evaluated, and their potential to induce the in vitro osteogenesis of human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells was assessed using qPCR. Then, bone defect in femoral condyles was created in rabbits and left empty as control or filled with either g-C3N4 or GO. The osteogenesis of the different implanted scaffolds was evaluated after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of surgery using X-ray, computed tomography (CT), macro/microscopic examinations, and qPCR analysis of osteocalcin (OC) and osteopontin (OP) expressions. Both materials displayed good cell viability and hemocompatibility with enhanced collagen type-I (Col-I), OC, and OP expressions of the hFOB cells. Compared to the control group, the bone healing process in g-C3N4 and GO groups was promoted in vivo. Moreover, complete healing of the bone defect was observed radiologically and grossly in g-C3N4 implanted group. Additionally, g-C3N4 implanted group showed higher percentages of osteoid tissue, mature collagen, biodegradation, and expressions of OC and OP. In conclusion, our results revealed that g-C3N4 and GO nanomaterials could induce osteogenesis in critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelrahiem Sadek
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
- Advanced Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical Research and Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Nanotechnology Research Centre (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Suez Desert Road, El-Sherouk City, 11837, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Moustafa
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Kamal Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
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Cui Y, Liu H, Tian Y, Fan Y, Li S, Wang G, Wang Y, Peng C, Wu D. Dual-functional composite scaffolds for inhibiting infection and promoting bone regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100409. [PMID: 36090611 PMCID: PMC9449864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infected bone defects is an intractable problem in orthopedics. It comprises two critical parts, namely that of infection control and bone defect repair. According to these two core tasks during treatment, the ideal approach of simultaneously controlling infection and repairing bone defects is promising treatment strategy. Several engineered biomaterials and drug delivery systems with dual functions of anti-bacterial action and ostogenesis-promotion have been developed and demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects. Compared with the conventional treatment method, the dual-functional composite scaffold can provide one-stage treatment avoiding multiple surgeries, thereby remarkably simplifying the treatment process and reducing the treatment time, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional bone transplantation. In this review, the impaired bone repair ability and its specific mechanisms in the microenvironment of pathogen infection and excessive inflammation were analyzed, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of infectious bone defects. Furthermore, we discussed the composite dual-functional scaffold composed of a combination of antibacterial and osteogenic material. Finally, a series of advanced drug delivery systems with antibacterial and bone-promoting capabilities were summarized and discussed. This review provides a comprehensive understanding for the microenvironment of infectious bone defects and leading-edge design strategies for the antibacterial and bone-promoting dual-function scaffold, thus providing clinically significant treatment methods for infectious bone defects. Antibacterial and bone-promoting dual-function scaffolds are ideal strategies for treatment of infectious bone defects. The effect of infection on bone repair was summarized in detail from four important aspects. A variety of dual-function scaffolds based on antibacterial and osteogenic materials were discussed. Dual-function drug delivery systems promoting repair of infectious bone defects by locally releasing functional agents. Leading-edge design strategies, challenges and prospects for dual-functional biomaterials were provided.
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Liu F, Cheng X, Xiao L, Wang Q, Yan K, Su Z, Wang L, Ma C, Wang Y. Inside-outside Ag nanoparticles-loaded polylactic acid electrospun fiber for long-term antibacterial and bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1338-1348. [PMID: 33232699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone infections caused by bacteria during bone graft implantations can impair the ability of bone tissue repair, which is currently a clinical problem. In this study, the electrospinning technique was used to prepare a polylactic acid (PLLA)/silver (Ag) composite fiber, in which the silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were uniformly distributed on the inner surface of PLLA fibers; dopamine (DA) was self-polymerized on the composite fiber surface to construct the adhesive polydopamine (PDA) film and chitosan (CS) was used to regulate Ag+ in situ through pulse electrochemical deposition for the construction of a stable Ag-NPs coating (CS/Ag), achieving the steady and slow release of Ag-NPs, therefore accomplishing the construction of a "inside-outside" Ag-NPs-loaded PLLA/Ag@PDA@CS/Ag composite fiber with dual functions of long-lasting antibacterial effect as well as bone regeneration promotion ability. The study results showed that the composite fiber has an excellent antibacterial effect against E. coli and S. aureus, and good osteoinductive and angiogenic properties. In summary, under the dual regulations of the strong adhesion of PDA and CS chelation, the "inside-outside" Ag-NPs-loaded composite fiber was endowed with good physiological stability, long-term antibacterial effect and bone infection inhibition ability, making it a promising bone implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xuewei Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Lu Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, PR China
| | - Kun Yan
- Traumatic Orthopedics, The 6th affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 39 Wuxin Road, Urumqi 830001, PR China
| | - Zhi Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Chuang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi 830054, PR China.
| | - Yingbo Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China.
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Wong RM, Li TK, Li J, Ho WT, Chow SKH, Leung SS, Cheung WH, Ip M. A systematic review on current osteosynthesis-associated infection animal fracture models. J Orthop Translat 2020; 23:8-20. [PMID: 32440511 PMCID: PMC7231979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteosynthesis-associated infection is a challenging complication post fracture fixation, burdening the patients and the orthopaedic surgeons alike. A clinically relevant animal model is critical in devising new therapeutic strategies. Our aim was to perform a systematic review to evaluate existing preclinical models and identify their applications in aspects of animal selection, bacterial induction, fracture fixation and complications. Methods A systematic literature research was conducted in PubMed and Embase up to February 2020. A total of 31 studies were included. Information on the animal, bacterial induction, fracture fixation, healing result and complications were extracted. Results Animals selected included murine (23), rabbit (6), ewe (1) and goat (1). Larger animals had enabled the use of human-sized implant, however small animals were more economical and easier in handling. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the most frequently chosen bacteria for induction. Bacterial inoculation dose ranged from 102-8 CFU. Consistent and replicable infections were observed from 104 CFU in general. Methods of inoculation included injections of bacterial suspension (20), placement of foreign objects (8) and pretreatment of implants with established biofilm (3). Intramedullary implants (13), plates and screws (18) were used in most models. Radiological (29) and histological evaluations (24) in osseous healing were performed. Complications such as instability of fracture fixation (7), unexpected surgical death (5), sepsis (1) and persistent lameness (1) were encountered. Conclusion The most common animal model is the S. aureus infected open fracture internally fixated. Replicable infections were mainly from 104 CFU of bacteria. However, with the increase in antibiotic resistance, future directions should explore polymicrobial and antibiotic resistant strains, as these will no doubt play a major role in bone infection. Currently, there is also a lack of osteoporotic bone infection models and the pathophysiology is unexplored, which would be important with our aging population. The translational potential of this article This systematic review provides an updated overview and compares the currently available animal models of osteosynthesis-associated infections. A discussion on future research directions and suggestion of animal model settings were made, which is expected to advance the research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M.Y. Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz-kiu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Tung Ho
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Simon K.-H. Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Liu F, Wang X, Chen T, Zhang N, Wei Q, Tian J, Wang Y, Ma C, Lu Y. Hydroxyapatite/silver electrospun fibers for anti-infection and osteoinduction. J Adv Res 2019; 21:91-102. [PMID: 32071777 PMCID: PMC7015467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone implant materials cause the most common complication of bone infections in orthopedic surgery, resulting in implant failure. Antibiotic treatment of bone infections leads to problems such as bacterial resistance and reduced osteogenic capacity. In this study, dopamine (DA) was self-polymerized on the surface of Polylactic acid (PLLA)/Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanowire composite fibers to form an adhesive polydopamine (PDA) membrane, and a stable silver-nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) coating layer was constructed on it by electrochemically driven Ag+ coordination and chelation through Polypyrrole (PPy) mediation, achieving steady and slow release of Ag-NPs. With optimized DA soaking time of 24 h and soaking concentration of 0.5 g·L-1, nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on PLLA/HA/PDA/PPy/Ag composite fibers and the hydrophilicity of the composite fibers was well-behaved. Besides, the composite fibers possessed good physiological stability and 100% antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli (E. coli) as well as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In addition, the composite fibers had promoted apatite nucleation and growth on surface and good cytocompatibility with osteoblasts, indicating ability of inducing osteogenic differentiation. In summary, a multi-functional PLLA/HA/PDA/PPy/Ag composite fiber with long-term antibacterial property, bioactivity and osteoinductivity was successfully constructed by electrospinning and electrochemical deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- Radiology Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Naiyin Zhang
- College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Qin Wei
- Animal Laboratory Center, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi 830054, PR China
| | - Juling Tian
- Laboratory Department of the First People's Hospital of Urumqi, 1 Jiankang Road, Urumqi 830002, PR China
| | - Yingbo Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi 830054, PR China
| | - Yong Lu
- Radiology Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
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The potential use of gentamicin sulfate-loaded poly(l-lactic acid)-sericin hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gao C, Feng P, Peng S, Shuai C. Carbon nanotube, graphene and boron nitride nanotube reinforced bioactive ceramics for bone repair. Acta Biomater 2017; 61:1-20. [PMID: 28501710 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The high brittleness and low strength of bioactive ceramics have severely restricted their application in bone repair despite the fact that they have been regarded as one of the most promising biomaterials. In the last few years, low-dimensional nanomaterials (LDNs), including carbon nanotubes, graphene and boron nitride nanotubes, have gained increasing attention owing to their favorable biocompatibility, large surface specific area and super mechanical properties. These qualities make LDNs potential nanofillers in reinforcing bioactive ceramics. In this review, the types, characteristics and applications of the commonly used LDNs in ceramic composites are summarized. In addition, the fabrication methods for LDNs/ceramic composites, such as hot pressing, spark plasma sintering and selective laser sintering, are systematically reviewed and compared. Emphases are placed on how to obtain the uniform dispersion of LDNs in a ceramic matrix and maintain the structural stability of LDNs during the high-temperature fabrication process of ceramics. The reinforcing mechanisms of LDNs in ceramic composites are then discussed in-depth. The in vitro and in vivo studies of LDNs/ceramic in bone repair are also summarized and discussed. Finally, new developments and potential applications of LDNs/ceramic composites are further discussed with reference to experimental and theoretical studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Despite bioactive ceramics having been regarded as promising biomaterials, their high brittleness and low strength severely restrict their application in bone scaffolds. In recent years, low-dimensional nanomaterials (LDNs), including carbon nanotubes, graphene and boron nitride nanotubes, have shown great potential in reinforcing bioactive ceramics owing to their unique structures and properties. However, so far it has been difficult to maintain the structural stability of LDNs during fabrication of LDNs/ceramic composites, due to the lengthy, high-temperature process involved. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the developments and applications of LDNs in bioactive ceramics. The newly-developed fabrication methods for LDNs/ceramic composites, the reinforcing mechanisms and the in vitro and in vivo performance of LDNs are also summarized and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengde Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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