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Is Hormone Replacement Therapy a Risk Factor or a Therapeutic Option for Alzheimer's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043205. [PMID: 36834617 PMCID: PMC9964432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that accounts for more than half of all dementia cases in the elderly. Interestingly, the clinical manifestations of AD disproportionately affect women, comprising two thirds of all AD cases. Although the underlying mechanisms for these sex differences are not fully elucidated, evidence suggests a link between menopause and a higher risk of developing AD, highlighting the critical role of decreased estrogen levels in AD pathogenesis. The focus of this review is to evaluate clinical and observational studies in women, which have investigated the impact of estrogens on cognition or attempted to answer the prevailing question regarding the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as a preventive or therapeutic option for AD. The articles were retrieved through a systematic review of the databases: OVID, SCOPUS, and PubMed (keywords "memory", "dementia," "cognition," "Alzheimer's disease", "estrogen", "estradiol", "hormone therapy" and "hormone replacement therapy" and by searching reference sections from identified studies and review articles). This review presents the relevant literature available on the topic and discusses the mechanisms, effects, and hypotheses that contribute to the conflicting findings of HRT in the prevention and treatment of age-related cognitive deficits and AD. The literature suggests that estrogens have a clear role in modulating dementia risk, with reliable evidence showing that HRT can have both a beneficial and a deleterious effect. Importantly, recommendation for the use of HRT should consider the age of initiation and baseline characteristics, such as genotype and cardiovascular health, as well as the dosage, formulation, and duration of treatment until the risk factors that modulate the effects of HRT can be more thoroughly investigated or progress in the development of alternative treatments can be made.
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Cranial electrotherapy stimulation alleviates depression-like behavior of post-stroke depression rats by upregulating GPX4-mediated BDNF expression. Behav Brain Res 2023; 437:114117. [PMID: 36116735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate whether cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) improves depression-like behavior of post-stroke depression (PSD) via regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) were used to develop a rat PSD model. CES was applied, and RAS-selective lethal 3 (RSL3) was injected into the hippocampus to inhibit GPX4 in PSD rats. The depression behavior was detected by sucrose preference and forced swimming tests. The structure and morphology of the hippocampus were observed and analyzed by histopathological hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of GPX4 and BDNF in the hippocampus were detected by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical analysis.The degeneration and necrosis of hippocampal neurons, the depression-like behavior were severer and the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus were decreased in PSD rats than those in MCAO and control groups. CES promoted the hippocampal neuron repair, alleviated the depression-like behavior and increased the expression of BDNF in PSD rats. The inhibition of GPX4 by RSL3 exacerbated the depression-like behavior and decreased the expression of BDNF in PSD rats. In addition, we found that RSL3 disrupted the positive effects of CES on the PSD rats. Conclusion: CES improves depression-like behavior of PSD rats through upregulation of GPX4-mediated BDNF expression in the hippocampus.
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Hung KC, Wu JY, Illias AM, Chiu CC, Chang YJ, Liao SW, Wang KF, Chen IW, Sun CK. Association of a low vitamin D status with risk of post-stroke depression: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1142035. [PMID: 36875853 PMCID: PMC9983120 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1142035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although post-stroke depression (PSD) affects one-third of patients following an acute stroke, pooled evidence addressing the correlation between a low vitamin D status and the risk of PSD remains inconclusive. Methods Comprehensive database search of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar was performed from inception to December 2022. The primary outcome was the association of PSD risk with a low vitamin D status, while the secondary outcomes included the relationship between PSD and other risk factors. Results Analysis of seven observational studies published between 2014 and 2022 with 1,580 patients showed pooled incidences of vitamin D deficiency (defined as 25[OH] D levels < 50 nmol/L) and PSD of 60.1 and 26.1%, respectively. Patients with PSD had a lower circulating vitamin D concentration compared to those without [mean difference (MD) =-13.94 nmol/L, 95% CI: -21.83 to -6.05, p = 0.0005, I 2 = 91%, six studies, 1,414 patients]. Meta-analysis also demonstrated a correlation between a low vitamin D level and an increased PSD risk [odd ratio (OR) = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.57-6.69, p = 0.001, I 2 = 78.7%, 1,108 patients], the heterogeneity of which was found to be associated with the incidence of vitamin D deficiency but not female proportion on meta-regression. Besides, female gender (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.3-2.44, p = 0.003, I 2 = 31%, five studies, 1,220 patients), hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.01-2.36, p = 0.04, I 2 = 0%, four studies, 976 patients), and high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (MD = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.58-2.32, p = 0.001, I 2 = 82%, five studies, 1,220 patients) were potential risk factors for PSD. For the primary outcome, the certainty of evidence was very low. Regarding secondary outcomes, the certainty of evidence was low for BMI, female gender, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke history, and very low for age, level of education, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and NIHSS scores. Conclusion The results suggested an association of a low circulating vitamin D level with an increased risk of PSD. Besides, female gender, hyperlipidemia, high NIHSS score were related to an increased risk or occurrence of PSD. The current study may imply the necessity of routine circulating vitamin D screening in this population. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022381580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Amina M Illias
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Fen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Estrogen as a key regulator of energy homeostasis and metabolic health. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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PILLEROVÁ M, PASTOREK M, BORBÉLYOVÁ V, RILJAK V, FRICK KM, HODOSY J, TÓTHOVÁ Ľ. Sex steroid hormones in depressive disorders as a basis for new potential treatment strategies. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S187-S202. [PMID: 36647907 PMCID: PMC9906660 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The sex steroid hormones (SSHs) such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and their metabolites have important organizational and activational impacts on the brain during critical periods of brain development and in adulthood. A variety of slow and rapid mechanisms mediate both organizational and activational processes via intracellular or membrane receptors for SSHs. Physiological concentrations and distribution of SSHs in the brain result in normal brain development. Nevertheless, dysregulation of hormonal equilibrium may result in several mood disorders, including depressive disorders, later in adolescence or adulthood. Gender differences in cognitive abilities, emotions as well as the 2-3 times higher prevalence of depressive disorders in females, were already described. This implies that SSHs may play a role in the development of depressive disorders. In this review, we discuss preclinical and clinical studies linked to SSHs and development of depressive disorders. Our secondary aim includes a review of up-to-date knowledge about molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Understanding these molecular mechanisms might lead to significant treatment adjustments for patients with depressive disorders and to an amelioration of clinical outcomes for these patients. Nevertheless, the impact of SSHs on the brain in the context of the development of depressive disorders, progression, and treatment responsiveness is complex in nature, and depends upon several factors in concert such as gender, age, comorbidities, and general health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam PILLEROVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal PASTOREK
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika BORBÉLYOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimír RILJAK
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karyn M. FRICK
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Július HODOSY
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomíra TÓTHOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Zeng B, Yue Y, Liu T, Ahn H, Li C. The Influence of the BDNF Val66Met Variant on the Association Between Physical Activity/Grip Strength and Depressive Symptoms in Persons With Diabetes. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 31:1462-1471. [PMID: 36168703 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221119343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The rs6265 in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with depression in people with diabetes. Both physical activity (PA) and grip strength are negatively associated with depression. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of the wave 10 survey data for a nationally representative sample of 1,051 diabetes participants of the Health and Retirement Study. Both greater PA (β = -.15) and stronger grip strength (β = -.02) were independently associated with depression. Although the interaction between BDNF rs6265 and PA on depressive symptoms was not significant, the negative PA-depression association was stronger among female non-Met carriers (β = -.19) and male Met carriers (β = -.14). Meanwhile, grip strength was associated with depression only in Met carriers (β = -.04), and similar association was observed in both males and females. In conclusion, female non-Met carriers and male Met carriers may benefit from PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Hyochol Ahn
- Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, USA
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Song Q, Huang W, Ye W, Yan H, Wang L, Yang Y, Cheng X, Zhang W, Zheng J, He P, He Y, Fang D, Han X. Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogen Through BDNF-Transient Receptor Potential Channels 6 Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Perimenopausal Depression. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:869274. [PMID: 35875795 PMCID: PMC9305198 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.869274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) has been proven to be effective in treating perimenopausal depression (PD); however, the downstream signaling pathways have not been fully elucidated. Transient receptor potential channels 6 (TRPC6) plays a vital role in promoting neuronal development and the formation of excitatory synapses. At present, we found that the serum levels of E2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) declined significantly in the women with PD compared to perimenopausal women, which was accompanied by a clear reduction in TRPC6 levels. To further reveal the effects of TRPC6 on neuronal survival and excitability, the PD-like rat model was established by the total removal of left ovary and 80% removal of right ovary followed by 21 days of the chronic unpredictable mild stress. Intragastric administration of E2 (2 mg/kg), intraperitoneal injection of BDNF/TrB signaling pathway inhibitor (K252a, 100 μg/kg) and TRPC6 agonist (OAG, 0.6 mg/kg), and intracerebroventricular infusion of anti-BDNF antibody for blocking BDNF (0.5 μg/24 μl/rat) daily for 21 days were conducted. The levels of BDNF and TRPC6 in rat serum were lower in PD rats compared to the control rats; the depression-like behavior was induced, the neuronal death rate in the hippocampus increased, and the thickness of postsynaptic density (PSD) and the number of asymmetric synapses decreased significantly in the PD group. E2 treatment greatly upregulated the serum levels of BDNF and TRPC6, the neuronal excitability indicated by an elevation in the PSD thickness and the numbers of asymmetric synapses, and these actions were reversed by K252a; co-administration of TRPC6 agonist and K252a improved neuronal degeneration and increased the neuronal excitability induced in the E2-treated PD rats. K252a or anti-BDNF antibody inhibited the increased neuronal BDNF and TRPC6 expression in E2-treated PD rats; co-treatment of TRPC6 agonist and anti-BDNF antibody reduced neuronal death and increased the BDNF and TRPC6 expression in the hippocampal CA1 neurons in the E2-treated PD rats. These results suggest that the neuroprotective role of E2 in PD is closely related to enhance the activity of BDNF/TRPC6 pathway and is helpful to provide new prevention and strategies.
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Drewe J, Boonen G, Culmsee C. Treat more than heat-New therapeutic implications of Cimicifuga racemosa through AMPK-dependent metabolic effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154060. [PMID: 35338990 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cimicifuga racemosa extracts (CRE) have obtained a "well-established use status" in the treatment of postmenopausal (i.e., climacteric) complaints, which predominantly include vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes and sweating, as well as nervousness, irritability, and metabolic changes. Although characteristic postmenopausal complaints are known for a very long time and the beneficial effects of CRE on climacteric symptoms are well accepted, both the pathophysiology of postmenopausal symptoms and the mechanism of action of CREs are not yet fully understood. In particular, current hypotheses suggest that changes in the α-adrenergic and serotonergic signaling pathways secondary to estrogen depletion are responsible for the development of hot flushes. PURPOSE Some of the symptoms associated with menopause cannot be explained by these hypotheses. Therefore, we attempted to extend our classic understanding of menopause by integrating of partly age-related metabolic impairments. METHODS A comprehensive literature survey was performed using the PubMed database for articles published through September 2021. The following search terms were used: (cimicifuga OR AMPK) AND (hot flush* OR hot flash* OR menopaus* OR osteoporos* OR cancer OR antioxida* OR cardiovasc*). No limits were set with respect to language, and the references cited in the articles retrieved were used to identify additional publications. RESULTS We found that menopause is a manifestation of the general aging process, with specific metabolic changes that aggravate menopausal symptoms, which are accelerated by estrogen depletion and associated neurotransmitter dysregulation. Cimicifuga extracts with their metabolic effects mitigate climacteric symptoms but may also modulate the aging process itself. Central to these effects are effects of CRE on the metabolic key regulator, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). CONCLUSIONS As an extension of this effect dimension, other off-label indications may appear attractive in the sense of repurposing of this herbal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Drewe
- Medical Department, Max Zeller Soehne AG, CH-8590 Romanshorn, Switzerland.
| | - Georg Boonen
- Medical Department, Max Zeller Soehne AG, CH-8590 Romanshorn, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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Zhang Z, Xia DJ, Xu AD. Therapeutic effect of fastigial nucleus stimulation is mediated by the microRNA-182 & microRNA-382/BDNF signaling pathways in the treatment of post-stroke depression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:137-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Grigoryan GA. Ovariectomy as a Model of Anxiety-Depressive Disorders. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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proBDNF expression induces apoptosis and inhibits synaptic regeneration by regulating the RhoA-JNK pathway in an in vitro post-stroke depression model. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:578. [PMID: 34759285 PMCID: PMC8580986 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of post-stroke depression (PSD). However, the precise function and potential mechanism of proBDNF, the precursor form of BDNF, are unknown. In our study, a PSD-like model was established by treating neuronal cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation and corticosterone. We found that the protein proBDNF levels were significantly higher in the cortex and hippocampus in the PSD group than in the control group, suggesting that proBDNF plays a role in the pathophysiology of PSD. Furthermore, we re-established the PSD-like cell model using recombinant p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) or silencing c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and found that the PSD-induced upregulation of proBDNF was inhibited by recombinant p75NTR and JNK silencing (siJNK), and increased cellular apoptosis. Moreover, the application of recombinant p75NTR and siJNK in the PSD-like cell model significantly reversed the expression of apoptosis-related and depression-related proteins and decreased cellular apoptosis. Our findings suggest that proBDNF is involved in neural plasticity in PSD in vitro. The RhoA-JNK signaling pathway is activated after proBDNF binds to the p75NTR receptor, followed by the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (PSD95, synaptophysin, and P-cofilin), which contribute to PSD progression. The mechanism might involve the promotion of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of nerve synapses regeneration by proBDNF.
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Jiang H, Xiao L, Jin K, Shao B. Estrogen administration attenuates post-stroke depression by enhancing CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling in the rat hippocampus. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:433. [PMID: 33747172 PMCID: PMC7967838 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated that 17β-estradiol (E2), which is an antidepressant, can ameliorate post-stroke depression (PSD); however, the underlying mechanisms governing this remain largely unknown. Therefore, the present study developed a PSD model in rats, which was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by exposure to chronic mild stress for 2 weeks. The results revealed that the activity of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a cellular transcription factor, and the associated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) signaling were all attenuated in the hippocampus in PSD rats. The depression-like behaviors were significantly improved after treatment with E2, along with increased CREB and the BDNF/TrkB signaling activity. These results provide novel insight into the molecular basis of PSD, and suggest the potential involvement of CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling in E2-mediated improvement of PSD in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huigang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu City Center Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P.R. China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Shaoyang City Center Hospital, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Bei Shao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity as Promising Clinical Tools for Stroke Recovery Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083949. [PMID: 33920472 PMCID: PMC8068953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several key issues impact the clinical practice of stroke rehabilitation including a patient’s medical history, stroke experience, the potential for recovery, and the selection of the most effective type of therapy. Until clinicians have answers to these concerns, the treatment and rehabilitation are rather intuitive, with standard procedures carried out based on subjective estimations using clinical scales. Therefore, there is a need to find biomarkers that could predict brain recovery potential in stroke patients. This review aims to present the current state-of-the-art stroke recovery biomarkers that could be used in clinical practice. The revision of biochemical biomarkers has been developed based on stroke recovery processes: angiogenesis and neuroplasticity. This paper provides an overview of the biomarkers that are considered to be ready-to-use in clinical practice and others, considered as future tools. Furthermore, this review shows the utility of biomarkers in the development of the concept of personalized medicine. Enhancing brain neuroplasticity and rehabilitation facilitation are crucial concerns not only after stroke, but in all central nervous system diseases.
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Zhu HX, Cheng LJ, Ou Yang RW, Li YY, Liu J, Dai D, Wang W, Yang N, Li Y. Reduced Amygdala Microglial Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tyrosine Kinase Receptor B (TrkB) in a Rat Model of Poststroke Depression. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926323. [PMID: 33206632 PMCID: PMC7682116 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have implicated reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and BDNF-TrkB receptor signaling as well as microglial activation and neuroinflammation in poststroke depression (PSD). However, the contributions of microglial BDNF-TrkB signaling to PSD pathogenesis are unclear. Material/Methods We compared depression-like behaviors as well as neuronal and microglial BDNF and TrkB expression levels in the amygdala, a critical mood-relating limbic structure, in rat models of stroke, depression, and PSD. Depression-like behaviors were assessed using the sucrose preference test, open-field test, and weight measurements, while immunofluorescence double staining was employed to estimate BDNF and TrkB expression by CD11b-positive amygdala microglia and NeuN-positive amygdala neuron. Another group of PSD model rats were examined following daily intracerebroventricular injection of proBDNF, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), or normal saline (NS) for 7 days starting 4 weeks after chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Results The numbers of BDNF/CD11b- and TrkB/CD11b-immunofluorescence-positive cells were lowest in the PSD group at 4 and 8 weeks after CUMS (P<0.05). PSD rats also showed reduced weight, sucrose preference, locomotion, and rearing compared with controls (P<0.05). The coexpression of BDNF/NeuN- and TrkB/NeuN-positive cells were not significantly different between groups at 4 and 8 weeks after CUMS (P>0.05). Injection of t-PA increased BDNF/CD11b- and TrkB/CD11b-positive cells in the amygdala of PSD rats and normalized behavior compared with NS or proBDNF injection (P<0.05). In contrast, proBDNF injection reduced BDNF and TrkB expression compared with NS (P<0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that decreased BDNF and TrkB expression by amygdala microglia may contribute to PSD pathogenesis and depression-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xiao Zhu
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Jing Cheng
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Ri-Wei Ou Yang
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Liu
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Dan Dai
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Ning Yang
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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El-Khatib YA, Sayed RH, Sallam NA, Zaki HF, Khattab MM. 17β-Estradiol augments the neuroprotective effect of agomelatine in depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in ovariectomized rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2873-2886. [PMID: 32535690 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Estradiol decline has been associated with depression and anxiety in post-menopausal women. Agomelatine (Ago) is an agonist of the melatonergic MT1/MT2 receptors and an antagonist of the serotonergic 5-HT2c receptors. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of combining Ago with 17β-estradiol (E2) on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in young adult female rats. METHODS OVX rats were treated with Ago (40 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days starting 1 week after surgery alone or combined with two doses of E2 (40 μg/kg/day, s.c.) given before behavioral testing. RESULTS Co-administration of E2 enhanced the anti-depressant and anxiolytics effects of Ago as evidenced by decreased immobility time in the forced swimming test, as well as increased time spent in the open arms and number of entries to open arms in the elevated plus-maze. In parallel, Ago increased hippocampal norepinephrine, dopamine, melatonin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Meanwhile, Ago-treated rats exhibited reduced hippocampal nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) P65 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine level. Ago upregulated estrogen receptor (ER α and β) mRNA expression in the hippocampus of OVX rats and elevated serum estradiol levels. Co-administration of E2 with Ago synergistically decreased NF-kB P65 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased BDNF levels. CONCLUSION E2 augmented the neuroprotective effect of Ago in OVX rats via its anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects. The combined treatment of E2 and Ago should be further investigated as a treatment of choice for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances associated with menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine A El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Nada A Sallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Xu Y, Liang L. Vitamin D3/vitamin D receptor signaling mitigates symptoms of post-stroke depression in mice by upregulating hippocampal BDNF expression. Neurosci Res 2020; 170:306-313. [PMID: 32882254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Elucidation of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying post-stroke depression (PSD) could aid in the development of effective treatments. The present study explored whether Vitamin D3 (VitD3) can function as an antidepressant in PSD model mice and whether the effect is mediated by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) combined with chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) to established the PSD model. For the mice in each group, Longa and Berderson behavioral tests were performed to evaluate motor function, sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were conducted to assess the cardinal depression-like behaviors anhedonia and helplessness, and western blot and immunohistochemistry were conducted to measure the levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and BDNF expression levels in mouse hippocampus. Compared to MCAO alone, subsequent CUMS aggravated motor dysfunction and depression-like behaviors, whereas injection of calcitriol (VitD3) enhanced expression levels of VDR and BDNF in the hippocampus as well as ameliorated both motor dysfunction and depression-like behaviors of PSD model mice, with optimal efficacy at 25 μg/kg. Injection of a BDNF-binding protein (TrkB-IgG) almost completely reversed the antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of VitD3, strongly suggesting that VitD3 improved motor dysfunction and depression-like behaviors in PSD model mice by promoting hippocampal BDNF signaling. Modulation of hippocampal BDNF by VitD3 treatment could be an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Lingyun Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
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17
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Sexual hormones regulate the redox status and mitochondrial function in the brain. Pathological implications. Redox Biol 2020; 31:101505. [PMID: 32201220 PMCID: PMC7212485 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other organs, the brain is especially exposed to oxidative stress. In general, brains from young females tend to present lower oxidative damage in comparison to their male counterparts. This has been attributed to higher antioxidant defenses and a better mitochondrial function in females, which has been linked to neuroprotection in this group. However, these differences usually disappear with aging, and the incidence of brain pathologies increases in aged females. Sexual hormones, which suffer a decrease with normal aging, have been proposed as the key factors involved in these gender differences. Here, we provide an overview of redox status and mitochondrial function regulation by sexual hormones and their influence in normal brain aging. Furthermore, we discuss how sexual hormones, as well as phytoestrogens, may play an important role in the development and progression of several brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, stroke or brain cancer. Sex hormones are reduced with aging, especially in females, affecting redox balance. Normal aging is associated to a worse redox homeostasis in the brain. Young females show better mitochondrial function and higher antioxidant defenses. Development of brain pathologies is influenced by sex hormones and phytoestrogens.
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18
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Gruenbaum BF, Kutz R, Zlotnik A, Boyko M. Blood glutamate scavenging as a novel glutamate-based therapeutic approach for post-stroke depression. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020; 10:2045125320903951. [PMID: 32110376 PMCID: PMC7026819 DOI: 10.1177/2045125320903951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a major complication of stroke that significantly impacts functional recovery and quality of life. While the exact mechanism of PSD is unknown, recent attention has focused on the association of the glutamatergic system in its etiology and treatment. Minimizing secondary brain damage and neuropsychiatric consequences associated with excess glutamate concentrations is a vital part of stroke management. The blood glutamate scavengers, oxaloacetate and pyruvate, degrade glutamate in the blood to its inactive metabolite, 2-ketoglutarate, by the coenzymes glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), respectively. This reduction in blood glutamate concentrations leads to a subsequent shift of glutamate down its concentration gradient from the blood to the brain, thereby decreasing brain glutamate levels. Although there are not yet any human trials that support blood glutamate scavengers for clinical use, there is increasing evidence from animal research of their efficacy as a promising new therapeutic approach for PSD. In this review, we present recent evidence in the literature of the potential therapeutic benefits of blood glutamate scavengers for reducing PSD and other related neuropsychiatric conditions. The evidence reviewed here should be useful in guiding future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruslan Kutz
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
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19
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Klebe D, Tibrewal M, Sharma DR, Vanaparthy R, Krishna S, Varghese M, Cheng B, Mouton PR, Velíšková J, Dobrenis K, Hof PR, Ballabh P. Reduced Hippocampal Dendrite Branching, Spine Density and Neurocognitive Function in Premature Rabbits, and Reversal with Estrogen or TrkB Agonist Treatment. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:4932-4947. [PMID: 30877788 PMCID: PMC6918929 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm-born children suffer from neurological and behavioral disorders. Herein, we hypothesized that premature birth and non-maternal care of preterm newborns might disrupt neurobehavioral function, hippocampal dendritic arborization, and dendritic spine density. Additionally, we assessed whether 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement or the TrkB receptor agonist, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), would reverse compromised dendritic development and cognitive function in preterm newborns. These hypotheses were tested by comparing preterm (E28.5) rabbit kits cared and gavage-fed by laboratory personnel and term-kits reared and breast-fed by their mother doe at an equivalent postconceptional age. Neurobehavioral tests showed that both premature-birth and formula-feeding with non-maternal care led to increased anxiety behavior, poor social interaction, and lack of novelty preference compared with term-kits. Dendritic branching and number of total or mushroom dendritic spines were reduced in the CA1 field of preterm-kits compared with term controls. While CDC42 and Rac1/2/3 expression levels were lower, RhoA-activity was higher in preterm-kits compared with term controls. Both E2 and DHF treatment reversed prematurity-induced reduction in spine density, reduced total RhoA-GTPase levels, and enhanced cognitive function. Hence, prematurity and non-maternal care result in cognitive deficits, and reduced dendritic arbors and spines in CA1. E2 replacement or DHF treatment might reverse changes in dendritic spines and improve neurodevelopment in premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon Klebe
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Mahima Tibrewal
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla NY, USA
| | - Deep R Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Rachna Vanaparthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Sunil Krishna
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Merina Varghese
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Bokun Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Peter R Mouton
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa FL, USA
| | - Jana Velíšková
- Departments of Cell Biology & Anatomy, Neurology, and Obstetrics & Gynecology, New York Medical College, Valhalla NY, USA
| | - Kostantin Dobrenis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Praveen Ballabh
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA
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20
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Wu CT, Yang TH, Chen MC, Chung YP, Guan SS, Long LH, Liu SH, Chen CM. Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Prevents Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in a Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Mouse Model via Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Induction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205169. [PMID: 31635269 PMCID: PMC6834125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of stroke recurrence is still higher despite the advanced progression of therapeutic treatment and medical technology. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been demonstrated to possess therapeutic effects on neuronal diseases and stroke via brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induction. In this study, we hypothesized that LIPUS treatment possessed therapeutic benefits for the improvement of stroke recurrence. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and then followed to secondary MCAO surgery as a stroke recurrence occurred after nine days from the first MCAO. LIPUS was administered continuously for nine days before secondary MCAO. LIPUS treatment not only decreased the mortality but also significantly moderated neuronal function injury including neurological score, motor activity, and brain pathological score in the recurrent stroke mice. Furthermore, the administration of LIPUS attenuated the apoptotic neuronal cells and increased Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio and accelerated the expression of BDNF in the brain of the recurrent stroke mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that LIPUS treatment arouses the expression of BDNF and possesses a therapeutic benefit for the improvement of stroke recurrence in a mouse model. The neuroprotective potential of LIPUS may provide a useful strategy for the prevention of a recurrent stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tien Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Master Program of Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Hua Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Man-Chih Chen
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Pang Chung
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Siao-Syun Guan
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Lin-Hwa Long
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Mu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
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21
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Effects of Vitamin D 3 in Long-Term Ovariectomized Rats Subjected to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress: BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4 Implications. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081726. [PMID: 31357443 PMCID: PMC6723744 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the antidepressant-like effects of vitamin D3 at different doses (1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg sc) on a model of depression produced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 days in long-term (3 months) ovariectomized (OVX) adult rats. Sucrose preference (SPT), forced swimming (FST) and open-field (OFT) tests were conducted to examine the depression-like state. Serum corticosterone/adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) levels and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin (NT)-3/NT-4 expressions by ELISA kits and/or western blotting were determined to assess the possible mechanisms of the vitamin D3 effects on the depression-like profile in long-term OVX rats subjected to CUMS. The results showed that vitamin D3 (5.0 mg/kg), as well as fluoxetine treatment, considerably reversed the depression-like state in the SPT and FST, decreased serum corticosterone/ACTH levels, and increased BDNF and NT-3/NT-4 levels in the hippocampus of long-term OVX rats compared to OVX rats with CUMS (p < 0.05). Thus, a high dose of vitamin D3 (5.0 mg/kg sc) could improve the depression-like profile in long-term OVX adult female rats subjected to the CUMS procedure, which might be mediated by the regulation of BDNF and the NT-3/NT-4 signaling pathways in the hippocampus, as well as the corticosterone/ACTH levels of the blood serum.
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22
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Song MY, Li CY, Liu XF, Xiao JY, Zhao H. Effect of 17β-oestradiol on T-type calcium channels in the lateral habenula. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12629. [PMID: 29917292 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
T-type calcium channels (T-channels) are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. Oestrogen alters neuronal excitability by modulating the expression of T-channels. The lateral habenula (LHb), as a link between the limbic system and midbrain structures, expresses T-channels and ERs. However, little is known about the role of oestrogen with respect to modulating T-channels in the LHb. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of T-channels in 3 LHb subregions (rostral, middle and caudal) in normal female rats. Next, we analysed the influence of 17β-oestradiol (E2 ) on T-channels in the LHb in ovariectomised (OVX) rats (oil and E2 groups) using whole-cell patch clamp recording and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In normal rats, the results obtained showed that the peak of T-type calcium current (IT ) was -474.61 ± 48.33 pA and IT density was -29.11 ± 1.93 pA/pF. The IT peak and IT density on LHb neurones gradually decreased across the rostrocaudal axis. The neuronal firing pattern varied depending on the location: burst firing was dominant (53.85%) in the rostral LHb, whereas tonic firing was dominant (79.31%) in the caudal LHb. In OVX rats, real-time PCR analysis revealed that E2 treatment decreased Cav3.3 mRNA expression in the caudal LHb. Patch clamp recording showed that E2 treatment decreased the peak IT and also reduced the low-threshold spikes (LTS) number, amplitude and width of LTS in the caudal LHb. Taken together, the results obtained in the present study suggest that E2 may inhibit T-channel activity by selectively down-regulating Cav3.3 calcium channel in the caudal LHb, leading to reduced the possibility of burst firing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ying Song
- Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chun Ying Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Feng Liu
- Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jin Yu Xiao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Neuroscience Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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23
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Tang H, Zhang Y. Identification and bioinformatics analysis of overlapping differentially expressed genes in depression, papillary thyroid cancer and uterine fibroids. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4810-4816. [PMID: 29805500 PMCID: PMC5952074 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that there may be common characteristics between the genetic regulatory networks of different diseases. To identify these potential similarities, analysis of overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in several diseases, which are believed to be associated in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was performed in the present study. The gene expression profiles associated with depression, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and uterine fibroids (UF) were preliminarily analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus 2R tools. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis of the overlapping DEGs in depression, PTC and UF was performed. The results indicated that multiple genes, including activating transcription factor 3 and WSC domain containing 2 and the phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase b signaling pathway and its downstream effectors may be common factors associated with depression, PTC and/or UF. The neuroendocrine functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis were also identified as being mutually associated with depression, PTC and/or UF. However, due to the limitations of DNA microassays, it is recommended that future studies take epigenetics into consideration. Further transcriptomic, methylomic and metabolomic analyses of depression, PTC and UF are also required to identify and elucidate the key associated biomarkers. In conclusion, the results of the current study shed light on the potential genetic interconnections between depression, PTC and UF, which may be beneficial for understanding their underlying coregulatory mechanisms and contributing to the development of homeotherapy based on bioinformatics prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- The Diagnostic Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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24
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Gheorghe A, Qiu W, Galea LAM. Hormonal Regulation of Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Implications for Depression and Exercise. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2018; 43:379-421. [PMID: 30414016 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2018_62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis exists in all mammalian species, including humans, and although there has been considerable research investigating the function and regulation of neurogenesis, there remain many open questions surrounding the complexity of this phenomenon. This stems partially from the fact that neurogenesis is a multistage process that involves proliferation, differentiation, migration, survival, and eventual integration of new cells into the existing hippocampal circuitry, each of which can be independently influenced. The function of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus is related to stress regulation, behavioral efficacy of antidepressants, long-term spatial memory, forgetting, and pattern separation. Steroid hormones influence the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis, stress regulation, and cognition and differently in males and females. In this chapter, we will briefly tap into the complex network of steroid hormone modulation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus with specific emphasis on stress, testosterone, and estrogen. We examine the possible role of neurogenesis in the etiology of depression and influencing treatment by examining the influence of both pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants) treatments and non-pharmacological (exercise) remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gheorghe
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wansu Qiu
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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25
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Estrogen Receptor β Mediated Neuroprotective Efficacy of Cicer microphyllum Seed Extract in Global Hypoxia. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3474-3489. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Zhang Y, Zhang SW, Khandekar N, Tong SF, Yang HQ, Wang WR, Huang XF, Song ZY, Lin S. Reduced serum levels of oestradiol and brain derived neurotrophic factor in both diabetic women and HFD-feeding female mice. Endocrine 2017; 56:65-72. [PMID: 27981512 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The estrogen levels in the pre and post menstrual phases interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a complex manner, which influences the overall state of the body. To study the role of oestradiol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in modulating obesity related type 2 diabetes and the interactions between two factors, we enrolled 15 diabetic premenopausal women and 15 diabetic postmenopausal women respectively, the same number of healthy pre and postmenopausal women were recruited as two control groups. The fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipids, estrogen, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were measured through clinical tests. Additionally, we set up obese female mouse model to mimic human trial stated above, to verify the relationship between estrogen and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Our findings revealed that there is a moderately positive correlation between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oestradiol in females, and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor may worsen impaired insulin function. The results further confirmed that high fat diet-fed mice which exhibited impaired glucose tolerance, showed lower levels of oestradiol and decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamus. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduced on condition that the level of oestradiol is sufficiently low, such as women in postmenopausal period, which aggravates diabetes through feeding-related pathways. Increasing the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor may help to alleviate the progression of the disease in postmenopausal women with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Quanzhou first Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan-Wen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Neeta Khandekar
- Neurological Diseases Division, Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Shi-Fei Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - He-Qin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wan-Ru Wang
- Quanzhou first Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Zhi-Yuan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Neurological Diseases Division, Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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Gandolfi M, Smania N, Vella A, Picelli A, Chirumbolo S. Assessed and Emerging Biomarkers in Stroke and Training-Mediated Stroke Recovery: State of the Art. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:1389475. [PMID: 28373915 PMCID: PMC5360976 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1389475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the increasing update of the biomolecular scientific literature, biomarkers in stroke have reached an outstanding and remarkable revision in the very recent years. Besides the diagnostic and prognostic role of some inflammatory markers, many further molecules and biological factors have been added to the list, including tissue derived cytokines, growth factor-like molecules, hormones, and microRNAs. The literatures on brain derived growth factor and other neuroimmune mediators, bone-skeletal muscle biomarkers, cellular and immunity biomarkers, and the role of microRNAs in stroke recovery were reviewed. To date, biomarkers represent a possible challenge in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of stroke onset, pathogenesis, and recovery. Many molecules are still under investigation and may become promising and encouraging biomarkers. Experimental and clinical research should increase this list and promote new discoveries in this field, to improve stroke diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Gandolfi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- UOC Neurorehabilitation, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Smania
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- UOC Neurorehabilitation, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Immunology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Picelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- UOC Neurorehabilitation, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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