1
|
Shan Y, Zhao J, Wei K, Jiang P, Xu L, Chang C, Xu L, Shi Y, Zheng Y, Bian Y, Zhou M, Schrodi SJ, Guo S, He D. A comprehensive review of Tripterygium wilfordii hook. f. in the treatment of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases: Bioactive compounds, mechanisms of action, and future directions. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1282610. [PMID: 38027004 PMCID: PMC10646552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1282610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic and autoimmune diseases are a group of immune system-related disorders wherein the immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the body's tissues and organs. This excessive immune response leads to inflammation, tissue damage, and functional impairment. Therapeutic approaches typically involve medications that regulate immune responses, reduce inflammation, alleviate symptoms, and target specific damaged organs. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, has been widely studied in recent years for its application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. Numerous studies have shown that preparations of Tripterygium wilfordii have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and immunosuppressive effects, which effectively improve the symptoms and quality of life of patients with autoimmune diseases, whereas the active metabolites of T. wilfordii have been demonstrated to inhibit immune cell activation, regulate the production of inflammatory factors, and modulate the immune system. However, although these effects contribute to reductions in inflammatory responses and the suppression of autoimmune reactions, as well as minimize tissue and organ damage, the underlying mechanisms of action require further investigation. Moreover, despite the efficacy of T. wilfordii in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, its toxicity and side effects, including its potential hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, warrant a thorough assessment. Furthermore, to maximize the therapeutic benefits of this plant in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and enable more patients to utilize these benefits, efforts should be made to strengthen the regulation and standardized use of T. wilfordii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shan
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rao Q, Ma G, Li M, Wu H, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Ma Z, Huang L. Targeted delivery of triptolide by dendritic cell-derived exosomes for colitis and rheumatoid arthritis therapy in murine models. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:330-346. [PMID: 36156794 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Triptolide (TP) elicits a beneficial effect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its multiorgan toxicity needs to be resolved. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the primary target of TP, which induces immunosuppression, and DC-derived exosomes (DEX) can selectively enter DCs in vivo. Here, we encapsulated TP with DEX (DEXTP) to generate TP-targeted delivery to reduce toxicity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of DEXTP was evaluated in murine colitis and RA models. Toxicity was examined by haematoxylin and eosin staining and serum biochemical marker detection. Affinity of DEXs for DCs was tracked by fluorescent labelling. The immune environment was evaluated and mimicked in vitro for further analysis of the mechanism. KEY RESULTS DEXTP effectively carried TP to DCs in vivo, and alleviated local inflammation and damage in colitis and RA mice with no obvious toxicity. Additionally, DEXTP reshaped the immune milieu by decreasing CD4+ T-cell levels and increasing regulatory T-cell levels in vivo. Furthermore, consistent T-cell differentiation was observed in vitro, and DC activation was inhibited by alterations in surface factors and secrete cytokines, and by induction of apoptosis or other form of death. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Encapsulating TP with DEX is a new method that both reduces the toxicity of TP and induces immunosuppression in UC and RA mice. The underlying immune mechanism involves DEXTP targeting DCs in vivo, to inhibit DC activation and induce DC apoptosis, which further induces T-cell immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Rao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Congen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim JY, Seo SM, Kim HW, Lee WJ, Choi YK. Protective Role of the Toll-Like Receptor 5 Agonist KMRC011 against Murine Colitis Induced by Citrobacter rodentium and Dextran Sulfate Sodium. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:35-42. [PMID: 36457188 PMCID: PMC9895994 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2209.09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the therapeutic ability of a novel toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 agonist, KMRC011, on ulcerative colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium and dextran sulfate sodium in a C57BL/6N mouse model. Ulcerative colitis was induced in the mice by the oral administration of 1% dextran sulfate sodium in sterile drinking water for seven days ad libitum, followed by C. rodentium infection on the seventh day by intra-gastric administration (DSS-CT group). KMRC011 was administered intramuscularly at both 24 h and 15 min before (Treatment 1 group), and at both 15 min and 24 h after (Treatment 2 group) the C. rodentium infection. The length of the large intestine and histopathological counts were significantly greater and mucosal thickness was significantly thinner in the Treatment 1 group compared to the DSS-CT and Treatment 2 groups. Il-6 and Il-10 mRNA expression levels were upregulated, while Ifn-γ and Tnf-α mRNA expression levels were significantly downregulated in the Treatment 1 group, compared to the DSS-CT group. NF-κB p65 expression level was elevated due to ulcerative colitis in the DSS-CT group, but was significantly downregulated in the Treatment 1 group. Overall, KMRC011 showed protective effects against murine colitis by inhibiting NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,GC Biopharma Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, 16924, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Min Seo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,Regenerative Dental Medicine Institute, Hysensbio, Gyeonggi-do, 13814, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jong Lee
- CONNEXT Co. Ltd, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-2049-6113 Fax: +82-2-450-3037 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moudgil KD, Venkatesha SH. The Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities of Natural Products to Control Autoimmune Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010095. [PMID: 36613560 PMCID: PMC9820125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an integral part of autoimmune diseases, which are caused by dysregulation of the immune system. This dysregulation involves an imbalance between pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory mediators. These mediators include various cytokines and chemokines; defined subsets of T helper/T regulatory cells, M1/M2 macrophages, activating/tolerogenic dendritic cells, and antibody-producing/regulatory B cells. Despite the availability of many anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory drugs, the severe adverse reactions associated with their long-term use and often their high costs are impediments in effectively controlling the disease process. Accordingly, suitable alternatives are being sought for these conventional drugs. Natural products offer promising adjuncts/alternatives in this regard. The availability of specific compounds isolated from dietary/medicinal plant extracts have permitted rigorous studies on their disease-modulating activities and the mechanisms involved therein. Here, we describe the basic characteristics, mechanisms of action, and preventive/therapeutic applications of 5 well-characterized natural product compounds (Resveratrol, Curcumin, Boswellic acids, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and Triptolide). These compounds have been tested extensively in animal models of autoimmunity as well as in limited clinical trials in patients having the corresponding diseases. We have focused our description on predominantly T cell-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal D. Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Shivaprasad H. Venkatesha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Vita Therapeutics, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lazcano-Silveira R, Jia X, Liu K, Liu H, Li X, Hui M. Carbon 60 Dissolved in Grapeseed Oil Inhibits Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Experimental Colitis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4185-4198. [PMID: 35915853 PMCID: PMC9338394 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s366886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rayko Lazcano-Silveira
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honggang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mizhou Hui
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mizhou Hui, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, 50 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150038, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13484005199, Email
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Zhou X. Tripterygium glycoside improves regulatory T cells and attenuates acute organ dysfunction in septic mice. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211000885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a fatal infectious disease accompanied by multiple organ failure. Immune dysfunction and inflammatory response play an important role in the progression of the disease. Tripterygium glycoside (TG) has immune suppression and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the effects of TG on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Septic mice model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP), after administration of TG, specimens are collected at designated time points. Histopathology changes of lung tissues and Kidney tissues were observed under light microscope, magnetic microbeads were used to isolate splenic CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), and phenotypes were then analyzed by flow cytometry. ELISA method was employed to detect the concentrations of plasma TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Nuclear p-NF-κB and Cytoplasmic IkB-a was detected by western blot. TG administration significantly alleviated lung and kidney inflammatory injury and improved the survival of septic mice. Furthermore, the suppressive function of regulatory T cells was enhanced and plasma expression of IL-10 was increased following TG treatment. The NF-B signaling pathway and secretion of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 was notably inhibited in septic mice treated with TG. TG exerts protective effects through improving regulatory T cells and attenuating pro-inflammatory cytokines in septic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Feng Y, Le F, Tian P, Zhong Y, Zhan F, Huang G, Hu H, Chen T, Tan B. GTW inhibits the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer via ILK/AKT/GSK3β/Slug Signalling Pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:1386-1397. [PMID: 33531984 PMCID: PMC7847657 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for the most lethal of all gynaecological cancers which is attributed to metastasis, invasiveness and drug resistance. A crucial link has been found between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis and chemo-resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that one of the main components of tripterygium glycosides (GTW)-triptolide (TPL) has anticancer effects. Methods: The purpose of this study is to determine whether GTW could inhibit EMT in A2780/DPP cells in vitro and in vivo, and explore the underlying mechanism. Results: In vitro results showed that GTW inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and intensified the sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin (DDP). GTW, especially GTW+DDP, significantly inhibited the expression of N-cadherin, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), phospho-protein kinase B/AKT (PKB/p-AKT), phospho-glycogen synthase kinase (p-GSK3β) and Slug, while it increased E-cadherin levels by inhibiting EMT via the ILK/AKT/GSK3β/Slug signalling pathway. Animal results indicated that GTW, especially GTW+DDP, significantly reduced tumour burden, prolonged the life span of mice, and down-regulated the levels of tumour markers CA125 and HE4 by regulating EMT through the ILK/AKT/GSK3β/Slug signalling pathway. Conclusion: Our results highlighted the significance of EMT in EOC metastasis, invasiveness and resistance to DDP and investigated the potential role of GTW as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in chemo-resistant EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Fuyin Le
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Puyuan Tian
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Yanying Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Fuliang Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Genhua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li X, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhang N, Li Y, Wang D. Protective effect of Gloeostereum incarnatum on ulcerative colitis via modulation of Nrf2/NF‑κB signaling in C57BL/6 mice. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3418-3428. [PMID: 32945507 PMCID: PMC7453623 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic non-specific inflammatory cell infiltration of the colon is generally considered to be the cause of ulcerative colitis (UC). Gloeostereum incarnatum (GI), a fungus rich in amino acids and fatty acids, exhibits a variety of biological functions. In the present study, GI was identified to contain 15 fatty acids, 17 amino acids and 11 metallic elements. The protective effect of GI against UC was investigated in C57BL/6 mice with UC induced by free drinking 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). After a 21-day oral administration, GI prevented weight loss, enhancement of the disease activity index and colonic pathological alterations in mice with UC. GI reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-12, tumor necrosis factor α and -β, interferon α and -γ, and pro-oxidative factors including reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. In addition, it enhanced the levels of immunological factors including immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgM and IgG, and antioxidative factors including superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum and/or colon tissues. GI enhanced the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream proteins and suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB signaling in colon tissues. Together, GI was shown to alleviate the physiological and pathological state of DSS-induced UC in mice via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, which may be associated with its modulation of the activation of Nrf2/NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu G, Sun Y, He H, Xue Q, Liu Y, Dong L. Effect of TrkB-PLC/IP3 pathway on intestinal inflammatory factors and enterocyte apoptosis in mice with colitis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:675-682. [PMID: 32445466 PMCID: PMC7333929 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of TrkB-PLC/IP3 pathway on intestinal inflammatory factors and enterocyte apoptosis in mice with colitis. The mouse model of ulcerative colitis was established by medication, and 40 SPF C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into normal group (healthy mice, n = 10), control group (sham-operated mice, n = 10), model group (model mice without any treatment, n = 10), and K252a group (model mice treated with 100 μmol/kg TrkB-PLC/IP3 pathway inhibitor for 5 days before clysis, n = 10). The results showed that mice in the model and K252a groups, as compared with normal and control groups, had no significant changes in the levels and protein expressions of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TNF-γ in the colon tissues (P>0.05), and had a significant increase in disease activity index, colon mucosa damage index, tissue damage index scores, and levels and protein expressions of serum interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-8, but had a significant decrease in the level and protein expression of serum IL-10 (P<0.05). Mice in the model and K252a groups showed blocked enterocyte cycle progression, elevated apoptosis ratio, and significantly increased mRNA and protein expressions of Caspase3, Bax, FasL, and Fas, but significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of p-TrkB, PLC-γ1, IP3, and Bcl-2 (P<0.05). Moreover, intestinal inflammation and apoptosis induced by colitis in the K252a group became more aggravated by inhibiting the activity of TrkB-PLC/IP3 pathway. In conclusion, inhibition of TrkB-PLC/IP3 pathway can increase the expression of intestinal inflammatory factors and promote enterocyte apoptosis in mice with colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangmeng Xu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yajuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China
| | - Huaiqiang He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qiuli Xue
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yajie Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lihua Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
El-Mahdy NA, El-Sayad MES, El-Kadem AH, Abu-Risha SES. Targeting IL-10, ZO-1 gene expression and IL-6/STAT-3 trans-signaling by a combination of atorvastatin and mesalazine to enhance anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates progression of oxazolone-induced colitis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:143-155. [PMID: 32383169 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by diffused inflammation of the colon and rectum mucosa. The pathogenesis of UC is multifactorial, and the exact underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of mesalazine and atorvastatin combination in enhancing anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates progression of oxazolone colitis in rats. In the present study, male albino rats (N = 60) were divided into six groups (10 rats each), the first two groups served as normal control and a control saline group. Colitis was induced by intra-rectal administration of oxazolone in the 5th and 7th days after pre-sensitization. Then, rats were divided into untreated group, groups treated with mesalazine or atorvastatin or their combination. Colitis was assessed by colon length, body weight, and incidence of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and histopathology of colon tissue. Colon tissues were used for measuring interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-13, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), reduced glutathione(GSH), and tissue expression of IL-10, tight junction protein zonula occludens (ZO-1), and caspase-3 genes. The combination therapy significantly attenuated progression of UC by decreasing incidence of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, IL-13, IL-6, TNF-α, STAT-3, caspase-3, and MPO activity and significantly increased IL-10, ZO-1, colon length, and GSH content, and these effects were more superior to single drugs. These findings showed that combination therapy was able to ameliorate progression of UC and enhance anti-inflammatory effects possibly by restoring IL-10 and ZO-1 levels and limiting IL-6/STAT-3 trans-signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nageh Ahmed El-Mahdy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Magda El-Sayed El-Sayad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Aya Hassan El-Kadem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Sally El-Sayed Abu-Risha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luo Y, Kuai L, Chen J, Sun X, Liu L, Luo Y, Ru Y, Xing M, Ding X, Zhou M, Li B, Li X. Efficacy and safety of
Tripterygium wilfordii
Hook. f. for oral lichen planus: Evidence from 18 randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2180-2191. [PMID: 32180273 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
- Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
- Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Dermatopathology, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Meng Xing
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Xiaojie Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
- Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
- Department of Dermatology Shanxi TCM Hospital Xian China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
- Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu H, Rao Q, Ma GC, Yu XH, Zhang CE, Ma ZJ. Effect of Triptolide on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1652. [PMID: 32063856 PMCID: PMC7000629 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is beneficial for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), which is closely related to the gut microbiota. However, whether the therapeutic effects of triptolide involve the regulation of the gut microbiota is still unclear. In the present study, animal models of UC mice induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) were established, the changes of gut microbiota in mice were detected by high-throughput sequencing. The effects of triptolide on DSS-induced UC mouse and its gut microbiota were studied. As a result, we found that triptolide exerted anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects on UC mice. Sequencing results for the gut microbiota showed that the composition of the gut microbiota from DSS group was disordered as compared with that from the control group, consistent with a decrease in the abundance of flora. Triptolide treatment accelerated the recovery of the population of the gut microbiota and significantly improved the microbial diversity. At the phylum level, the population of Bacteroidetes decreased and that of Firmicutes increased. At the genus level, Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae counts decreased. Thus, triptolide could regulate the composition of the gut microbiota, accelerate the recovery of microbiota, and exert good therapeutic effects in UC mice. Our results also revealed that fecal transplantation from triptolide-treated mice could relieve UC. This study provides a reference for the rational use of triptolide for the treatment of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Rao
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Chao Ma
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yu
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-En Zhang
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Ma
- The Department of General Surgeryis a part of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
De Caro C, Leo A, Nesci V, Ghelardini C, di Cesare Mannelli L, Striano P, Avagliano C, Calignano A, Mainardi P, Constanti A, Citraro R, De Sarro G, Russo E. Intestinal inflammation increases convulsant activity and reduces antiepileptic drug efficacy in a mouse model of epilepsy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13983. [PMID: 31562378 PMCID: PMC6764994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effects of intestinal inflammation on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice and the effects thereon of some antiepileptic and anti-inflammatory treatments to establish if a link may exist. The agents tested were: alpha-lactoalbumin (ALAC), a whey protein rich in tryptophan, effective in some animal models of epilepsy and on colon/intestine inflammation, valproic acid (VPA), an effective antiepileptic drug in this seizure model, mesalazine (MSZ) an effective aminosalicylate anti-inflammatory treatment against ulcerative colitis and sodium butyrate (NaB), a short chain fatty acid (SCFA) normally produced in the intestine by gut microbiota, important in maintaining gut health and reducing gut inflammation and oxidative stress. Intestinal inflammation was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for 6 days. Drug treatment was started on day 3 and lasted 11 days, when seizure susceptibility to PTZ was measured along with intestinal inflammatory markers (i.e. NF-κB, Iκ-Bα, COX-2, iNOS), histological damage, disease activity index (DAI) and SCFA concentration in stools. DSS-induced colitis increased seizure susceptibility and while all treatments were able to reduce intestinal inflammation, only ALAC and NaB exhibited significant antiepileptic properties in mice with induced colitis, while they were ineffective as antiepileptics at the same doses in control mice without colitis. Interestingly, in DSS-treated mice, VPA lost part of its antiepileptic efficacy in comparison to preventing seizures in non-DSS-treated mice while MSZ remained ineffective in both groups. Our study demonstrates that reducing intestinal inflammation through ALAC or NaB administration has specific anticonvulsant effects in PTZ-treated mice. Furthermore, it appears that intestinal inflammation may reduce the antiepileptic effects of VPA, although we confirm that it decreases seizure threshold in this group. Therefore, we suggest that intestinal inflammation may represent a valid antiepileptic target which should also be considered as a participating factor to seizure incidence in susceptible patients and also could be relevant in reducing standard antiepileptic drug efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen De Caro
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Nesci
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Andrew Constanti
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Citraro
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cao SY, Ye SJ, Wang WW, Wang B, Zhang T, Pu YQ. Progress in active compounds effective on ulcerative colitis from Chinese medicines. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:81-102. [PMID: 30797423 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon, has a rising incidence worldwide. The known pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves genetic predisposition, epithelial barrier defects, dysregulated immune responses, and environmental factors. Nowadays, the drugs for UC include 5-aminosalicylic acid, steroids, and immunosuppressants. Long-term use of these drugs, however, may cause several side effects, such as hepatic and renal toxicity, drug resistance and allergic reactions. Moreover, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of UC shows significantly positive effects, low recurrence rate, few side effects and other obvious advantages. This paper summarizes several kinds of active compounds used in the experimental research of anti-UC effects extracted from TCM, mainly including flavonoids, acids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, quinones, and bile acids from some animal medicines. It is found that the anti-UC activities are mainly focused on targeting inflammation or oxidative stress, which is associated with increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, SOD), suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, NF-κB, NO), reducing the activity of MPO, MDA, IFN-γ, and iNOS. This review may offer valuable reference for UC-related studies on the compounds from natural medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qiong Pu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Siu FY, Ye S, Lin H, Li S. Galactosylated PLGA nanoparticles for the oral delivery of resveratrol: enhanced bioavailability and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4133-4144. [PMID: 30038494 PMCID: PMC6049601 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s164235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol (RES) is a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound with poor water solubility and oral bioavailability. The present study takes the advantages of nanocarriers combined with a ligand (galactose) anchoring to orally deliver RES in an attempt to improve its bioavailability and pharmacological activity. Methods RES-loaded galactosylated nanoparticles (RES-GNPs) were prepared by solvent diffusion technique using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), synthesized N-oleoyl-d-galactosamine and Tween 80. RES-GNPs were characterized by particle size, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro release. Oral bioavailability and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity were investigated in rats and lipopolysaccharides-induced RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. Results The resulting RES-GNPs were 108.4 nm around in particle size with a polydispersity index of 0.217. Furthermore, RES-GNPs possessed a high EE and a slow drug release in water. After oral administration, RES-GNPs significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of RES, up to 335.7% relative to RES suspensions. In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion and cellular uptake experiments showed that GNPs could improve the intestinal permeability and transcellular transport of RES. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of RES-GNPs in RAW 264.7 cells model was superior to free RES and RES-GNPs. Conclusion The results indicate that RES-GNPs can effectively promote the intestinal absorption of RES and strengthen its bioactivity, which may be a promising system for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Yk Siu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shaotang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tripterygium wilfordii Glycosides Upregulate the New Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-37 through ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Signal Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9148523. [PMID: 29403538 PMCID: PMC5748296 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9148523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As a Chinese traditional patent medicine, Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides (TWG) have been approved by the China State Food and Drug Administration (Z32021007) for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Application of TWG leads to significant decrease of the inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. However, little is known whether TWG could regulate the anti-inflammatory cytokines and what the mechanism is. Here, we found that TWG could induce the upregulation of IL-37 which is a new anti-inflammatory cytokine. Furthermore, the inhibitors of ERK1/2 and/or p38 MAPK pathways suppressed IL-37 expression induced by TWG, indicating that the two pathways took part in this process. In conclusion, TWG could upregulate the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signal pathways were involved in the upregulation of IL-37 induced by TWG. The results showed that TWG had a potent activity on promoting the expression of IL-37, a new anti-inflammatory cytokine, which help further understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism for the clinical application of TWG in therapy of diseases.
Collapse
|