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Kimura M, Kothari S, Gohir W, Camargo JF, Husain S. MicroRNAs in infectious diseases: potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0001523. [PMID: 37909789 PMCID: PMC10732047 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00015-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved, short, non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurological, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases. Several recent studies have suggested that miRNAs are key players in regulating the differentiation, maturation, and activation of immune cells, thereby influencing the host immune response to infection. The resultant upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs from infection influences the protein expression of genes responsible for the immune response and can determine the risk of disease progression. Recently, miRNAs have been explored as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various infectious diseases. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of miRNAs during viral, fungal, bacterial, and parasitic infections from a clinical perspective, including critical functional mechanisms and implications for their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneyoshi Kimura
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sagar Kothari
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wajiha Gohir
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose F. Camargo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shahid Husain
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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miRNAs in Herpesvirus Infection: Powerful Regulators in Small Packages. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020429. [PMID: 36851643 PMCID: PMC9965283 DOI: 10.3390/v15020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. They can be significantly dysregulated upon exposure to any infection, serving as important biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Numerous human DNA viruses, along with several herpesviruses, have been found to encode and express functional viral microRNAs known as vmiRNAs, which can play a vital role in host-pathogen interactions by controlling the viral life cycle and altering host biological pathways. Viruses have also adopted a variety of strategies to prevent being targeted by cellular miRNAs. Cellular miRNAs can act as anti- or proviral components, and their dysregulation occurs during a wide range of infections, including herpesvirus infection. This demonstrates the significance of miRNAs in host herpesvirus infection. The current state of knowledge regarding microRNAs and their role in the different stages of herpes virus infection are discussed in this review. It also delineates the therapeutic and biomarker potential of these microRNAs in future research directions.
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Zhong C, Liao Z, Zhang B, Xiao L, Li J, Zhu X. Bta-miR-677 contribute to interferon pathway affecting the proliferation of caprine parainfluenza virus type 3. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105642. [PMID: 35710089 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caprine parainfluenza virus type 3 (CPIV3), a new strain of virus, was isolated from the goats in 2014 in China. Studies have shown that viral infection can induce changes in the expression profile of host miRNAs, which modulate natural immune responses and viral infection. In this study, we report that bta-miR-677 suppressed CPIV3 replication in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells and guinea pigs. Bta-miR-677 overexpression promoted type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) production, thereby inhibiting CPIV3 replication, while bta-miR-677 inhibitor suppressed the antiviral innate immune response to promoted viral replication in MDBK cells. We showed that bta-miR-677 suppresses CPIV3 replication via directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) thus enhancing IFN pathway in MDBK cells. We also demonstrated that bta-miR-677 agomir could inhibit CPIV3 proliferation in guinea pigs, with much lower viral RNA levels in lung and trachea. Guinea pigs showed no obvious pathological changes and less severe lung lesions in bta-miR-677 agomir treated group at 7 dpi. This study contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CPIV3 pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhong
- Biological Engineering Department, Southwest Guizhou Vocational and Technical College for Nationalitie, Xingyi, 562400, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zheng Liao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baotai Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Li Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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JIANG C, ZHOU X, ZHU Y, MAO Y, WANG L, KUANG Y, SU J, HUANG W, TANG S. MiR-34c-3p targets Notch2 to inhibit cell invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.67421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiangqi ZHOU
- Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, P.R. China
| | - Yuan ZHU
- People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing, China
| | - Yini MAO
- Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, China
| | - Ling WANG
- Yi chang Central People’s Hospital, China
| | - Yuqing KUANG
- Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, China
| | - Ju SU
- Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, China
| | - Weiguo HUANG
- Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, China
| | - Sanyuan TANG
- Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, China; Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, P.R. China
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Yan H, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Yan X, Zhu L. Long non-coding RNA HCG11 enhances osteosarcoma phenotypes by sponging miR-1245b-5p that directly inhibits plakophilin 2. Bioengineered 2021; 13:140-154. [PMID: 34949159 PMCID: PMC8805843 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2010367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HCG11 can regulate various cancers through the ceRNA network. However, its role in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unknown. The HOS and Saos-2 cell lines were used for in vitro analyses. HCG11 and plakophilin 2 (PKP2) silencers, a miR-1245b-5p mimic, and a miR-1245b-5p inhibitor were utilized for the regulation analysis of lncRNA HCG11, miR-1245b-5p, and PKP2. Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were used for cell proliferation, migration, and invasion analyses, and caspase-3 activity assay was used to measure cell apoptosis. The expression levels of lncRNA HCG11, miR-1245b-5p, and PKP2 were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The distribution of lncRNA HCG11 was assessed using the RNA-FISH assay. The sponging and targeting roles of HCG11 and PKP2 on miR-1245b-5p were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter analysis. An RNA immunoprecipitation assay was used to assess the binding between lncRNA HCG11 and miRNA-1245b-5p. We found that the lncRNA HCG11 was significantly upregulated in OS. LncRNA HCG11 silencing inhibits OS progression by repressing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoting cell apoptosis. RNA-FISH analysis indicated that lncRNA HCG11 was located in the cytoplasm. Mechanistic experiments showed that lncRNA HCG11 sponges miR-1245b-5p and negatively regulates miR-1245b-5p expression. Upregulated lncRNA HCG11 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting miR-1245b-5p in OS cells. PKP2 was verified as a target gene of miR-1245b-5p. Upregulated PKP2 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting miR-1245b-5p in OS. In conclusion, the HCG11/miR-1245b-5p/PKP2 axis promotes OS expression by promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei 672 Orthopaedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhujiang Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei 672 Orthopaedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaokang Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hubei 672 Orthopaedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hubei 672 Orthopaedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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He W, Yang Y, Cai L, Lei Q, Wang Z, Che X. MicroRNA expression profiles in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid in orthodontics: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:656. [PMID: 34922523 PMCID: PMC8684662 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study systematically evaluated microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF) in orthodontic patients. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to obtain miRNA profiles in PMICF or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from 3 healthy volunteers (H), 3 peri-implantitis patients (PMSII) and 5 periodontitis patients (P). MiRNA expression patterns were compared between normal and orthodontic PMICF and GCF. Differentially expressed miRNAs were estimated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Enrichment analyses of the gene targets controlled by these miRNAs were conducted by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Results Compared with healthy donors, in PMSII patients, a total of 206 upregulated miRNAs and 152 downregulated miRNAs were detected in PMICF, while periodontitis patients had 333 upregulated miRNAs and 318 downregulated miRNAs. MiR-544a, miR-1245b-3p, miR-1825, miR-4291, miR-3689e, and miR-4477a were chosen randomly for further examination. qRT-PCR examination confirmed that the expression levels of miR-1245b-3p and miR-4291 were higher in PMSII than in H samples and that the expression levels of miR-1825 were higher in PMSII than in P samples. However, contrary to the NGS results, qRT-PCR analysis showed decreased expression of miR544a in PMSII. MiR3689e and miR4477a expression did not differ significantly among all samples. According to GO and KEGG pathway analyses of miR-1825, miR-4291, and miR-1245b-3p high enrichment of target genes involved in the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway was observed. Conclusions The NGS analysis of normal and orthodontic PMICF/CGF showed different miRNA profiles, which may lay the foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of PMSII. miR-4291, miR-1245b-3p and miR-1825 may be used as diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for PMSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan He
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100006, China.,Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Yanru Yang
- Chi-Biotech Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518023, China
| | - Longgan Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Qiaoling Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Zhongdong Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Studenthen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Xiaoxia Che
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100006, China. .,Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China. .,Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Temple of Heaven Xili 4, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100000, China.
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Zhang W, Liu Q, Zhao J, Wang T, Wang J. Long Noncoding RNA AATBC Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cell Through miR-1245b-5p/CASK Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5091-5100. [PMID: 34234553 PMCID: PMC8253982 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s310529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long noncoding RNAs (lncRANs) as suppressive or oncogenic genes have been substantiated in prostate cancer (PCa). In the current study, the role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA AATBC in the progression of PCa was evaluated. Methods LncRNA AATBC and miR-1245b-5p expression were evaluated using RT-qPCR. CCK-8, colony-formation, apoptosis and transwell assay were used to analyze the in vitro role. The xenograft model was used to explore the in vivo role. Bioinformatics analysis and a dual luciferase assay, RIP and RNA pull down were used to confirm the interaction between lncRNA AATBC and 1245b-5p, as well as 1245b-5p and CASK. Results Firstly, we certified that the expression of AATBC was augmented in PCa, and knockdown of AATBC could significantly inhibit the growth of PCa in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, our results manifested that AATBC could directly bind to miR-1245b-5p. In addition, miR-1245b-5p played cancer-suppressive role in PCa cells. Moreover, CASK was attested as the target of miR-1245b-5p, and CASK was demonstrated to exert as oncogene in the progression of PCa. Finally, rescue assays illustrated that miR-1245b-5p downregulation or CASK restoration could greatly resist the restrained effects of AATBC knockdown on PCa progression. Conclusion AATBC could accelerate the progression of PCa through regulating miR-1245b-5p/CASK axis, which provided a potential therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, East Hospital, Ji'an Hospital, Jiangxi, 343000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qionghong Liu
- Department of Urology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Urology, East Hospital, Ji'an Hospital, Jiangxi, 343000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Urology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshan Wang
- Department of Urology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
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Immune Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Infection and Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020302. [PMID: 32545507 PMCID: PMC7350219 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are among the most common viral infections and usually last for a lifetime. The virus can potentially be controlled with vaccines since humans are the only known host. However, despite the development and trial of many vaccines, this has not yet been possible. This is normally attributed to the high latency potential of the virus. Numerous immune cells, particularly the natural killer cells and interferon gamma and pathways that are used by the body to fight HSV infections have been identified. On the other hand, the virus has developed different mechanisms, including using different microRNAs to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy to avoid clearance and aid latency induction. Both traditional and new methods of vaccine development, including the use of live attenuated vaccines, replication incompetent vaccines, subunit vaccines and recombinant DNA vaccines are now being employed to develop an effective vaccine against the virus. We conclude that this review has contributed to a better understanding of the interplay between the immune system and the virus, which is necessary for the development of an effective vaccine against HSV.
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Guo D, Ding M, Song X, Sun Y, Li G, Li Z, Wei H, Wu J, Jiang W, Bi H. Regulatory roles of differentially expressed MicroRNAs in metabolic processes in negative Lens-induced myopia Guinea pigs. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:13. [PMID: 31906852 PMCID: PMC6945544 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myopia is one of the most common vision defects worldwide. microRNAs can regulate the target gene expression, influencing the development of diseases. RESULTS To investigate the alterations of microRNA profiling in negative lens-induced myopia (NLIM) guinea pigs and to explore the regulatory role of microRNAs in the occurrence and the development of myopia, we first established the NLIM guinea pig model after induction for 2 weeks. Further, we isolated sclera to purify total messenger RNA (mRNA) in both NLIM and NLIM fellow sclera. Using next generation sequencing technique and bioinformatics analysis, we identified the differentially expressed microRNAs in NLIM guinea pigs, performed the bioinformatics annotation for the differentially expressed microRNAs, and validated the expression of differentially expressed microRNAs. As a result, we successfully established an NLIM model in guinea pigs, identified 27 differentially expressed microRNAs in NLIM guinea pig sclera, including 10 upregulated and 17 downregulated microRNAs. The KEGG annotation showed the main signaling pathways were closely associated with PPAR signaling, pyruvate and propanoate metabolisms, and TGF-beta signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the development of myopia is mainly involved in the disorder of metabolic processes in NLIM guinea pigs. The PPAR signaling, pyruvate and propanoate metabolism pathways may play roles in the development of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Meihua Ding
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xiaoli Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Zonghong Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
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