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Wang Y, Bai M, Wang X, Peng Z, Cai C, Xi J, Yan C, Luo J, Li X. Gastrodin: a comprehensive pharmacological review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3781-3802. [PMID: 38165423 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Tianma is the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), which is frequently utilized in clinical practice as a traditional Chinese medicine. Gastrodin (GAS) is the main active ingredient of Tianma, which has good pharmacological activity. Therefore, for the first time, this review focused on the extraction, synthesis, pharmacological effects, and derivatives of GAS and to investigate additional development options for GAS. The use of microorganisms to create GAS is a promising method. GAS has good efficacy in the treatment of neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases, and liver diseases. GAS has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, vascular protective, blood sugar lowering, lipid-regulating, analgesic, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The mechanism involves various signaling pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and AMPK. In addition, the derivatives of GAS and biomaterials synthesized by GAS and PU suggested a broader application of GAS. The research on GAS is thoroughly summarized in this paper, which has useful applications for tackling a variety of disorders and exhibits good development value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mengting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhaolei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Gastrodin and Vascular Dementia: Advances and Current Perspectives. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2563934. [PMID: 35463081 PMCID: PMC9019412 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2563934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used since ancient times to treat diseases such as dizziness, epilepsy, stroke, and memory loss. Gastrodin, one of the active components of Gastrodia elata, has been used in the treatment of migraine, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, dementia, and depression in recent years. It can improve cognitive function and related neuropsychiatric symptoms through various effects and is considered as a promising treatment for dementia. Vascular dementia is a kind of severe cognitive impairment syndrome caused by vascular factors, and it is the dementia syndrome with the largest number of patients besides Alzheimer's disease. Although there is still a lack of evidence-based explorations, the paper reviewed the mechanism and methods of gastrodin in the treatment of vascular dementia, providing a reference for clinical therapy.
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Berezutsky M, Durnova N, Romanteeva Y. Neurobiological effects of gastrodin and its possible use in neurology and psychiatry. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:27-34. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212208127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ju X, Wang S, Yan P, Zhu C, Hu X, Dong J, Tan Z. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation Combined With Fluoxetine Protects Against Depression-Induced Damage and Apoptosis in Rat Hippocampi via A1 Adenosine Receptor. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:599399. [PMID: 34335318 PMCID: PMC8322534 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.599399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REMSD) and fluoxetine affect depression, yet the detailed molecular mechanisms were not clear. Methods: Rat depression chronic unpredictable stress was constructed, and the body weight of rats was measured. The efficacy of REMSD and fluoxetine on the pleasure experience, exploration, and cognition of rats with depression was determined by the Sucrose preference test, the open field test, and Morris water task, respectively. The effects of REMSD and fluoxetine on depression-induced damage and apoptosis in rat hippocampi were detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining and terminal transferase-mediated biotin 2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-triphosphate nick end labeling. A1 adenosine receptor content was measured by immunohistochemistry. Relative expressions of the A1 adenosine receptor, proteins related to apoptosis (B Bcl-2-associated X protein; B-cell lymphoma 2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase, P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, cFos, and adenosine deaminase RNA specific two were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot as needed. Results: Depression decreased rat weight. REMSD combined with fluoxetine increased body weight, prompted rat behavior, alleviated depression-induced damage, attenuated apoptosis, and promoted A1 adenosine receptor level in rat hippocampi. Furthermore, the combined therapy upregulated expressions of A1 adenosine receptor, B-cell lymphoma 2, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase but downregulated those of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein, P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, cFos, and adenosine deaminase RNA specific 2 in the hippocampi of rats with depression. Conclusion:REMSD combined with fluoxetine protected rats against depression-induced damage and apoptosis in the hippocampus via the A1 adenosine receptor, providing a possible treatment strategy for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ju
- Psychiatric Department, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengdong Wang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Yan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Psychiatric Department, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Hu
- Psychiatric Department, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiezheng Dong
- Psychiatric Department, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonglin Tan
- Psychiatric Department, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Mei Z, Huang B, Qian X, Zhang Y, Teng B. Gastrodin improves preeclampsia-induced cell apoptosis by regulation of TLR4/NF-κB in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:820-829. [PMID: 32148791 PMCID: PMC7020309 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To explain gastrodin improved cell apoptosis induced by preeclampsia in vivo and in vitro study. The PE and normal rats were injected with normal saline (Model), low-dose gastrodin (Gas-L), medium-dose gastrodin (Gas-M), and high-dose gastrodin (Gas-H) groups at 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg per day. The rat blood pressure and 24-hr urine protein level were measured at pregnant days 10, 16, and 20. Evaluating pathology by H&E staining, the cell apoptosis by TUNEL, and MyD88 and NF-κB (p65) proteins by IHC assay using H/R to simulate PE cell model. Measuring cell proliferation, apoptosis, and MyD88 and NF-κB (p65) protein expression by MTT, flow cytometry, and WB assay. The SBP, DBP, and 24-hr urine protein levels were significantly different in PE rats (p < .05). The SBP, DBP, and 24-hr urine protein levels were significantly improved (p < .05) in vivo and in vitro. The positive apoptosis cells and apoptosis rate were significantly increased with MyD88 and NF-κB (p65) proteins upregulation (p < .05). The positive apoptosis cells and apoptosis rate were significantly decreased with MyD88 and NF-κB (p65) proteins depressing in gastrodin-treated groups with dose-dependent (p < .05). Gastrodin improves PE-induced cell apoptosis and pathology changed via MyD88/NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Mei
- Department of ObstetricsThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baoqin Huang
- Department of ObstetricsThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xialiu Qian
- Department of ObstetricsThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of ObstetricsThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Benqi Teng
- Department of ObstetricsThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Wu Q, Cao Y, Liu M, Liu F, Brantner AH, Yang Y, Wei Y, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Ma L, Wang F, Pei H, Li H. Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenmayizhi Decoction Ameliorates Memory And Cognitive Impairment Induced By Scopolamine Via Preventing Hippocampal Cholinergic Dysfunction In Rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3167-3176. [PMID: 31814724 PMCID: PMC6858809 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s214976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical trials have illustrated that Shenmayizhi decoction (SMYZ) could improve the cognitive functions in patients with dementia. However, the mechanism needs to be explored. METHODS Fifty adult male rats (Wistar strain) were divided into five groups equally and randomly, including control, model, and SMYZ of low dose, medium dose and high dose. Rats in each group received a daily gavage of respective treatment. Rats in control and model group were administrated by the same volume of distilled water. Memory impairment was induced by intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine (0.7 mg/kg) for 5 continuous days. Four weeks later, Morris water maze (MWM) was performed to evaluate the spatial memory in all rats. Then, rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus was removed for further tests. Furthermore, Western blot analysis was employed to assess the levels of acetylcholine M1 receptor (M1), acetylcholine M2 receptor (M2), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT). AChE and ChAT activities were determined. RESULTS The SMYZ decoction significantly improved behavioral performance of rats in high dose. The SMYZ decoction in three doses exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. In addition, a high dose of SMYZ promoted ChAT activity. Moreover, a high dose of SMYZ increased the level of ChAT and declined the level of AChE assessed by Western blotting. Besides, an increased level of M1 receptor was found after treatment. CONCLUSION Shenmayizhi decoction could mitigate scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits through the preventative effect on cholinergic system dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Adelheid H Brantner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Feixue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
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