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Zuo C, Yan F, Wang J, Zhu Y, Luo W, Liu Y, Liang W, Yu W, Zhang J, Peng D, Ma X, Peng C. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of the novel ozagrel-paeonol codrug with antiplatelet aggregation activities as a potent anti-stroke therapeutic agent. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362857. [PMID: 38567356 PMCID: PMC10985144 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ischemic stroke is the second most common chronic disease worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Thromboembolism and platelet aggregation are the most characteristic features of stroke. Other than aspirin, no standard, accepted, or effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke has been established. Consequently, it is essential to identify novel therapeutic compounds for this condition. Methods: In this study, novel ozagrel/paeonol-containing codrugs were synthesized and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Their antiplatelet aggregation activity was evaluated, with compound PNC3 found to exhibit the best effect. Subsequently, studies were conducted to assess its neuroprotective effect, pharmacokinetic properties and model its binding mode to P2Y12 and TXA2, two proteins critical for platelet aggregation. Results: The results indicated that PNC3 has good bioavailability and exerts protective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation injury in PC12 cells. Molecular docking analysis further demonstrated that the compound interacts with residues located in the active binding sites of the target proteins. Conclusion: The codrugs synthesized in this study display promising pharmacological activities and have the potential for development as an oral formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijing Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Fulong Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yulong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhui Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wanhui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Can Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China
- Generic Technology Research Center for Anhui TCM Industry, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technical Service Center of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin’an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Wu R, Liu Y, Zhang F, Dai S, Xue X, Peng C, Li Y, Li Y. Protective mechanism of Paeonol on central nervous system. Phytother Res 2024; 38:470-488. [PMID: 37872838 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases involve neuronal damage, resulting in degenerative neuropathy and posing a serious threat to human health. The discovery of effective drug components from natural plants and the study of their mechanism are a research idea different from chemical synthetic medicines. Paeonol is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall. It widely exists in many medicinal plants and has pharmacological effects such as anti-atherosclerosis, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory, which keeps generally used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Based on the therapeutic effects of Paeonol for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, this article reviewed the pharmacological effects of Paeonol in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, diabetes encephalopathy, and other neurological diseases, providing a reference for the research of the mechanism of Paeonol in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms That Underlie Somatic Embryogenesis in Peaonia ostii ‘Fengdan’. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810595. [PMID: 36142512 PMCID: PMC9505998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low propagation rate is the primary problem that limits industry development of tree peony. In this study, a highly efficient regeneration system for tree peony using somatic embryogenesis (SE) was established. The transcriptomes of zygotic embryo explants (S0), non-embryonic callus (S1), embryonic callus (S2), somatic embryos (S3), and regenerated shoots (S4) were analyzed to determine the regulatory mechanisms that underlie SE in tree peony. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the pairwise comparisons of S1-vs-S2 and S1-vs-S3, respectively. The enriched DEGs were primarily involved in hormone signal transduction, stress response and the nucleus (epigenetic modifications). The results indicated that cell division, particularly asymmetric cell division, was enhanced in S3. Moreover, the genes implicated in cell fate determination played central roles in S3. Hormone signal pathways work in concert with epigenetic modifications and stress responses to regulate SE. SERK, WOX9, BBM, FUS3, CUC, and WUS were characterized as the molecular markers for tree peony SE. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the SE of tree peony using transcriptome sequencing. These results will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underly SE in tree peony and will benefit the propagation and genetic engineering of this plant.
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Zhao B, Jiang X. hsa-miR-518-5p/hsa-miR-3135b Regulates the REL/SOD2 Pathway in Ischemic Cerebral Infarction. Front Neurol 2022; 13:852013. [PMID: 35481271 PMCID: PMC9038098 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.852013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesIschemic cerebral infarction (ICI) is a fatal neurovascular disorder. A bioinformatics approach based on single-cell and bulk RNA-seq analyses was applied to investigate the pathways and genes involved in ICI and study the expression profile of these genes.MethodsFirst, the aberrantly regulated “small-molecule ribonucleic acids” [microRNA (miRNAs)] and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were analyzed using transcriptome data from the ischemic brain infarction dataset of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In mouse cerebrovascular monocytes, the single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering (SCENIC) workflow was used to identify key transcription factors (TFs). Then, the two miRNA-TF-mRNA interaction networks were constructed. Moreover, the molecular complex detection (MCODE) extracted the core sub-networks and identified the important TFs within these sub-networks. Finally, whole blood samples were collected for validation of the expression of critical molecules in ICI.ResultsWe identified four cell types and 266 regulons in mouse cerebrovascular monocytes using SCENIC analysis. Moreover, 112 differently expressed miRNAs and 3,780 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. We discovered potential biomarkers in ICI by building a miRNA-TF-mRNA interaction network. The hsa-miR-518-5p/hsa-miR-3135b/REL/SOD2 was found to play a potential role in ICI progression. The expression of REL and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) was significantly elevated in the ICI group in the clinical cohort (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a REL expression was elevated in endothelial cells and fibroblasts at the single-cell level, indicating that REL is a cell-specific regulon. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that REL is primarily engaged in neurotransmitter activity and oxidative phosphorylation.ConclusionsOur research uncovered novel biomarkers for ICI of neurovascular disease. The hsa-miR-518-5p/hsa-miR-3135b may regulate the REL/SOD2 pathway in ICI progression.
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Zhao H, Wang X, Liu S, Zhang Q. Paeonol regulates NLRP3 inflammasomes and pyroptosis to alleviate spinal cord injury of rat. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:16. [PMID: 35303801 PMCID: PMC8932340 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-threatening traumatic disorder. Paeonol has been confirmed to be involved in a variety of diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of paeonol on SCI progression. Methods Sprague Dawley (SD) rat was used for the establishment of SCI model to explore the anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and neuroprotective effects of paeonol (60 mg/kg) on SCI in vivo. For in vitro study, mouse primary microglial cells (BV-2) were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) treatment. The effect of paeonol on the polarization of LPS/ATP-induced BV-2 cells was determined by detection the expression inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), arginase-1 (Arg-1), and interleukin (IL)-10 using qRT-PCR. ELISA was used to assess the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). Western blotting was conducted to determine the levels of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB (p65) pathway proteins. Results Paeonol promoted the recovery of locomotion function and spinal cord structure, and decreased spinal cord water content in rats following SCI. Meanwhile, paeonol reduced the levels of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), NLRP3, active caspase 1 and N-gasdermin D (N-GSDMD), repressed the contents of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and MDA, and elevated GSH level. In vitro, paeonol exerted similarly inhibiting effects on pyroptosis and inflammation. Meanwhile, paeonol promoted BV-2 cells M2 polarization. In addition, paeonol also inactivated the expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB (p65) pathway. Conclusion Paeonol may regulate NLRP3 inflammasomes and pyroptosis to alleviate SCI, pointing out the potential for treating SCI in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houling Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Jinan City, 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Jinan City, 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuheng Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Jinan City, 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105, Jiefang Road, Jinan City, 250000, Shandong Province, China.
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Pourmohammadi S, Roghani M, Kiasalari Z, Khalili M. Paeonol Ameliorates Cuprizone-Induced Hippocampal Demyelination and Cognitive Deficits through Inhibition of Oxidative and Inflammatory Events. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:748-758. [PMID: 35001353 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with autoimmune nature that is typified by varying degrees of demyelination and axonal damage. Paeonol is an active ingredient in some medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective property. This study was conducted to reveal whether paeonol can alleviate hippocampal demyelination and cognitive deficits in cuprizone-induced murine model of demyelination as a model of MS. C57BL/6 mice received oral cuprizone (400 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, and paeonol was administered p.o. at two doses of 25 or 100 mg/kg, starting from the second week post-cuprizone for 5 weeks. After assessment of learning and memory in different tasks, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated besides immunohistochemical assessment of hippocampal myelin basic protein (MBP). Paeonol (100 mg/kg) properly ameliorated cognitive deficits in Y maze, novel object discrimination (NOD) test, and Barnes maze with no significant improvement of performance in passive avoidance task. In addition, paeonol treatment at the higher dose was also associated with partial restoration of hippocampal level of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers including MDA, ROS, GSH, SOD, catalase, NF-kB, and TNF. Besides, paeonol improved MMP as an index of mitochondrial integrity and health and reduced MPO as a factor of neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, paeonol treatment prevented hippocampal MBP immunoreactivity, indicating its prevention of demyelination. In conclusion, the current study showed the preventive effect of paeonol against cuprizone-induced demyelination and cognitive deficits through reversing most oxidative stress- and inflammation-related parameters in addition to its improvement of mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Pourmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Tayanloo-Beik A, Kiasalari Z, Roghani M. Paeonol Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits in Streptozotocin Murine Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:336-348. [PMID: 34797511 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinjection of diabetogenic drug streptozotocin (STZ) in rodents consistently produces a model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) which is characterized by tau pathology and concomitant cognitive decline, insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial malfunction. Paeonol is an active phenolic component in some medicinal plants like Cortex Moutan with neuroprotective efficacy via exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. This study was conducted to assess beneficial effect of paeonol in amelioration of cognitive deficits in ICV STZ rat model of sAD. STZ (3 mg/kg) was microinjected into the lateral ventricles on days 0 and 2, and paeonol was given p.o. at two doses of 25 (low) or 100 (high) mg/kg from day 0 (post-surgery) till day 24 post-STZ. Cognitive performance was evaluated in different tasks, and oxidative stress- and inflammation-related parameters were measured in addition to immunohistochemical assessment of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a marker of astrocytes. Paeonol at the higher dose ameliorated cognitive deficits in Barnes maze, novel object recognition (NOR) task, Y maze, and passive avoidance test. In addition, paeonol partially reversed hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione reductase, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Paeonol treatment was also associated with lower hippocampal immunoreactivity for GFAP. This study showed that paeonol can alleviate cognitive disturbances in ICV STZ rat model of sAD via ameliorating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and also through its attenuation of astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen Y, Song F, Tu M, Wu S, He X, Liu H, Xu C, Zhang K, Zhu Y, Zhou R, Jin C, Wang P, Zhang H, Tian M. Quantitative proteomics revealed extensive microenvironmental changes after stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke. Front Med 2021; 16:429-441. [PMID: 34241786 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The local microenvironment is essential to stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, and spatiotemporal changes of the microenvironment in the pathological process provide vital clues for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms. However, relevant studies on microenvironmental changes were mainly confined in the acute phase of stroke, and long-term changes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke after stem cell transplantation. Herein, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) were transplanted into the ischemic brain established by middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Positron emission tomography imaging and neurological tests were applied to evaluate the metabolic and neurofunctional alterations of rats transplanted with stem cells. Quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the protein expression profiles in iPSCs-transplanted brain in the subacute and chronic phases of stroke. Compared with NSCs-transplanted rats, significantly increased glucose metabolism and neurofunctional scores were observed in iPSCs-transplanted rats. Subsequent proteomic data of iPSCs-transplanted rats identified a total of 39 differentially expressed proteins in the subacute and chronic phases, which are involved in various ischemic stroke-related biological processes, including neuronal survival, axonal remodeling, antioxidative stress, and mitochondrial function restoration. Taken together, our study indicated that iPSCs have a positive therapeutic effect in ischemic stroke and emphasized the wide-ranging microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Fahuan Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Mengjiao Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Caiyun Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuankai Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Zhang D, Wu J, Wu J, Zhang S. Paeonol Induces Protective Autophagy in Retinal Photoreceptor Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667959. [PMID: 34122088 PMCID: PMC8188238 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Retinal photoreceptor (RP) cells are widely involved in retina-related diseases, and oxidative stress plays a critical role in retinal secondary damage. Herein, we investigated the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of autophagy of paeonol (Pae) in terms of oxidation resistance. Methods: The animal model was induced by light damage (LD) in vivo, whereas the in vitro model was established by H2O2 stimulation. The effectiveness of Pae was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay, immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, electroretinogram, and Western blot analysis in vivo, and the underlying mechanisms of Pae were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and Western blot analysis in 661W cells. We mainly evaluated the effects of Pae on apoptosis and autophagy. Results: Increased apoptosis of the LD-induced and decreased autophagy of RPs were mitigated by Pae treatment. Pea, which increased the expression of mitochondrial functional protein cytochrome c, reversed the decreased cell viability and autophagy induced by oxidative stress in 661W cells. Experiments showed that autophagy was downregulated in PINK1/Parkin dependent and the BNIP3L/Nix dependent pathways under H2O2 stimulation and was upregulated by Pae treatment. Pae increased the cell viability and reduced ROS levels through autophagy. Conclusion: Pretreatment with Pae preserved RP cells by enhancing autophagy, which protected retinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghai Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zhang J, Jiang M, Zhao H, Han L, Jin Y, Chen W, Wang J, Zhang Z, Peng C. Synthesis of Paeonol-Ozagrel Conjugate: Structure Characterization and In Vivo Anti-Ischemic Stroke potential. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:608221. [PMID: 33597878 PMCID: PMC7883289 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.608221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common neurological disease that can lead to mortality and disability. The current curative effect remains unsatisfactory because drug accumulation in the diseased areas is insufficient as a result of the unique blood–brain barrier. Therefore, much attention has been paid to develop a novel therapeutic compound, paeonol-ozagrel conjugate (POC), for ischemic stroke. Then, POC was successfully synthesized by conjugating of paeonol and ozagrel as mutual prodrug. A series of in vitro characterizations and evaluations, including high - resolution mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, partition coefficient, and assessment of cytotoxicity against PC12 cells, were performed. Pharmacokinetic study demonstrated POC is eliminated quickly (t1/2 = 53.46 ± 19.64 min), which supported a short dosing interval. The neurological score, infarct volume, histopathological changes, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines levels, and TXA2 levels also were evaluated in vivo in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats. All results showed that POC had a significant curative and therapeutic effect on ischemic stroke, as evaluated by the middle cerebral artery occlusion. Overall, POC can be expected to become a new drug candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Han
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Chaohu Jinchen Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Shanghai Haihong Industrial Group, Chaohu, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Jianqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Can Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
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11
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Cao H, Seto SW, Bhuyan DJ, Chan HH, Song W. Effects of Thrombin on the Neurovascular Unit in Cerebral Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:973-984. [PMID: 33392917 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality that poses a significant burden on society and the economy. About 60% of cerebral ischemia is caused by thrombus, and the formation of thrombus proceeds from insoluble fibrin, following its transformation from liquid fibrinogen. In thrombus-induced ischemia, increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), followed by the extravasation of blood components into the brain results in an altered brain microenvironment. Changes in the brain microenvironment affect brain function and the neurovascular unit (NVU), the working unit of the brain. Recent studies have reported that coagulation factors interact with the NVU and its components, but the specific function of this interaction is highly speculative and warrants further investigations. In this article, we reviewed the role of coagulation factors in cerebral ischemia and the role of coagulation factors in thrombosis. Additionally, the influence of thrombin on the NVU is introduced, as well as in the function of NVU, which may help to explore part of brain injury mechanism during ischemia. Lastly, we propose some novel therapeutic approaches on ischemic stroke by reducing the risk of coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Sai Wang Seto
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Hoi Huen Chan
- Hong Kong Community College, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wenting Song
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, 100091, China.
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12
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Ghalami J, Baluchnejad Mojarad T, Mansouri M, Khamse S, Roghani M. Paeonol Protection Against Intrastriatal 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021; 12:43-56. [PMID: 33995926 PMCID: PMC8114855 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.12.6.88.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) presentations comprise frequent movement disorders in the elderly with various symptoms consisting of motor and non-motor complications. Paeonol is a phenolic chemical agent that has shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different disorders and promising effects on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR)- and GABAA-mediated neurotransmission. In this research, we tried to show the neuroprotective potential of paeonol in rat PD model induced by intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Methods: Rats with intrastriatal 6-OHDA lesioning received with paeonol at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/d for one week. In the end, some biomarkers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and astrogliosis in nigral and striatal tissues were evaluated in addition to behavioral and Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical analysis. Results: The obtained data showed that paeonol alleviates apomorphine-induced rotations and reduces the delay time to initiate and the total time in the narrow beam test. However, its beneficial behavioral effect vanished after intracerebroventricular administration of mGluR III or GABAA receptor antagonists. Moreover, paeonol significantly restored striatal malondialdehyde, tissue levels of reactive oxygen species, the activity of the protective and vital enzymes consisting of superoxide dismutase and catalase, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), DNA fragmentation, phosphor apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, and nigral aquaporin 4 with no significant and proper change of nitrite, interleukin-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and angiotensin II. Additionally, paeonol prevented injury and reduced tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons in the midbrain nigral tissue. Conclusion: These obtained findings evidently designate neuroprotective property of paeonol in 6-OHDA murine model of PD that is exerted via easing of oxidative stress, apoptosis, astrogliosis, and its advantageous effect is to some extent mediated via mGluR III/GABAA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Ghalami
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Monireh Mansouri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safoura Khamse
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Li J, Zhao Y, Shi J, Ren Z, Chen F, Tang W. Histone deacetylase 6 interference protects mice against experimental stroke-induced brain injury via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:192-199. [PMID: 31231583 PMCID: PMC6566595 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2019.1601132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is a fatal disease with increasing incidence. The study was to investigate the role and mechanism of Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) on experimental stroke-induced brain injury. The recombinant shRNA-HDAC6 or scramble shRNA lentivirus was transfected to ICR mice. Then, the ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) mice were constructed using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. Brain TTC staining was used to determine infarct areas. Serum levels of oxidative stress-related factors were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA). Realtime-qPCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to respectively detect mRNA and protein levels. HDAC6 was up-regulated in brain I/RI mice (MCAO group), and down-regulated again in MCAO mice transfected with shRNA-HDAC6 (MCAO + shRNA group). The infarct area of the MCAO mice was increased, neurological scores were higher, and serum protein levels of 3-NT, 4-HNE and 8-OHdG were higher. HDAC6 interference attenuated above effects. Though protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in cytoplasm increased slightly in MCAO group, they increased significantly by HDAC6 interference. The protein levels of Nrf2 in cytoblast decreased significantly in MCAO group, and increased markedly by HDAC6 interference. HDAC6 interference protected mice against experimental stroke-induced brain injury via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Zhanyun Ren
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Wuzhuang Tang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University/Affiliated Yixing Clinical School of Medical School of Yangzhou University, Yixing, Jiangsu Province, Peoples' Republic of China
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