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Tang GLQ, Lai JXH, Pervaiz S. Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway-mediated regulation of the Bcl-2 family: effects and therapeutic approaches. Haematologica 2024; 109:33-43. [PMID: 37584295 PMCID: PMC10772529 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasomal degradation of proteins represents an important regulatory mechanism in maintaining healthy homeostasis in cells. Deregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is associated with various diseases as it controls protein abundance and turnover in cells. Furthermore, proteasomal regulation of protein turnover rate can determine a cell's response to external stimuli. The Bcl-2 family of proteins is an important group of proteins involved in mediating cell survival or cell death in response to external stimuli. Aberrant overexpression of anti-apoptotic proteins or deletion of pro-apoptotic proteins can lead to the development of cancer. Unsurprisingly, proteasomal degradation of Bcl-2 proteins also serves as an important factor regulating the level of Bcl-2 proteins and thereby affecting the functional outcome of cell death. This review aims to highlight the regulation of the Bcl-2 family of proteins with particular emphasis on proteasomal-mediated degradation pathways and the current literature on the therapeutic approaches targeting the proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galvin Le Qian Tang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Jolin Xiao Hui Lai
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Integrative Science and Engineering Programme (ISEP), NUS Graduate School (NUSGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Medicine Healthy Longevity Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System.
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2
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Li F, Aljahdali IAM, Zhang R, Nastiuk KL, Krolewski JJ, Ling X. Kidney cancer biomarkers and targets for therapeutics: survivin (BIRC5), XIAP, MCL-1, HIF1α, HIF2α, NRF2, MDM2, MDM4, p53, KRAS and AKT in renal cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:254. [PMID: 34384473 PMCID: PMC8359575 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing worldwide with an approximate 20% mortality rate. The challenge in RCC is the therapy-resistance. Cancer resistance to treatment employs multiple mechanisms due to cancer heterogeneity with multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. These changes include aberrant overexpression of (1) anticancer cell death proteins (e.g., survivin/BIRC5), (2) DNA repair regulators (e.g., ERCC6) and (3) efflux pump proteins (e.g., ABCG2/BCRP); mutations and/or deregulation of key (4) oncogenes (e.g., MDM2, KRAS) and/or (5) tumor suppressor genes (e.g., TP5/p53); and (6) deregulation of redox-sensitive regulators (e.g., HIF, NRF2). Foci of tumor cells that have these genetic alterations and/or deregulation possess survival advantages and are selected for survival during treatment. We will review the significance of survivin (BIRC5), XIAP, MCL-1, HIF1α, HIF2α, NRF2, MDM2, MDM4, TP5/p53, KRAS and AKT in treatment resistance as the potential therapeutic biomarkers and/or targets in RCC in parallel with our analized RCC-relevant TCGA genetic results from each of these gene/protein molecules. We then present our data to show the anticancer drug FL118 modulation of these protein targets and RCC cell/tumor growth. Finally, we include additional data to show a promising FL118 analogue (FL496) for treating the specialized type 2 papillary RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Genitourinary Disease Site Research Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Kidney Cancer Research Interest Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Developmental Therapeutics (DT) Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Ieman A. M. Aljahdali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Renyuan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Kent L. Nastiuk
- Genitourinary Disease Site Research Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - John J. Krolewski
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, New York 14203 USA
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3
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Li H, He L, Tuo Y, Huang Y, Qian B. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000282 contributes to osteosarcoma cell proliferation by regulating miR-192/XIAP axis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1026. [PMID: 33097010 PMCID: PMC7583201 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a novel category of non-coding RNA, which exhibit a pivotal effect on regulating gene expression and biological functions, yet how circRNAs function in osteosarcoma (OSA) still demands further investigation. This study aimed at probing into the function of hsa_circ_0000282 in OSA. Methods The expressions of circ_0000282 and miR-192 in OSA tissues and cell lines were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the correlation between the expression level of circ_0000282 and clinicopathological features of OSA patients was analyzed. The expressions of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in OSA cells were assayed by Western blot. The proliferation and apoptosis of OSA cells were examined by CCK-8, BrdU and flow cytometry, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP experiments were employed to predict and validate the targeting relationships between circ_0000282 and miR-192, and between miR-192 and XIAP, respectively. Results Circ_0000282 was highly expressed in OSA tissues and cell lines, which represented positive correlation with Enneking stage of OSA patients and negative correlation with tumor differentiation degree. In vitro experiments confirmed that overexpression of circ_0000282 markedly facilitated OSA cell proliferation and repressed cancer cell apoptosis in comparison to control group. Besides, knockdown of circ_0000282 repressed OSA cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Additionally, the binding relationships between circ_0000282 and miR-192, and between miR-192 and XIAP were validated. Circ_0000282 indirectly up-regulated XIAP expression by adsorbing miR-192, thereby playing a role in promoting cancer in OSA. Conclusion Circ_0000282 was a novel oncogenic circRNA in OSA. Circ_0000282/miR-192/XIAP axis regulated OSA cell proliferation apoptosis with competitive endogenous RNA mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houkun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Limin He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Tuo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yansheng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bing Qian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
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4
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Yan T, Zhang Z, Li D. NGF receptors and PI3K/AKT pathway involved in glucose fluctuation-induced damage to neurons and α-lipoic acid treatment. BMC Neurosci 2020; 21:38. [PMID: 32943002 PMCID: PMC7499848 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose fluctuation promotes neuronal apoptosis, which plays a central role in diabetic encephalopathy (DE). Nerve growth factor (NGF), and its interaction with high-affinity (TrkA) and low-affinity (p75NTR) receptors, are involved in neuronal survival. NGF/TrkA contributes to the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is beneficial for neuronal survival, and α-Lipoic acid (ALA) exerts clinically favorable neuroprotective effects in the periphery. Whether NGF receptors and the PI3K/AKT pathway are involved in glucose fluctuation-induced neuronal damage, as well as the potential molecular mechanism of ALA in protecting glucose fluctuation-induced neuronal damage, remain unclear. RESULTS The results indicated that constant high glucose (CHG) and intermittent high glucose (IHG) significantly increased the expression of Bax and caspase-3, and decreased the expression of TrkA/p75NTR and p-AKT/AKT, while ALA stimulation reversed the above proteins in PC12 cells. IHG stimulates apoptosis more effectively than CHG in PC12 cells, which is related to the PI3K/AKT pathway but not to the TrkA/p75NTR. Furthermore, neuronal apoptosis induced by IHG was aggravated by the TrkA inhibitor K252a or the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002, but this effect was alleviated by the p75NTR inhibitor TAT-pep5. CONCLUSION Glucose fluctuation induced cell apoptosis by regulating the TrkA/p75NTR and PI3K/AKT pathway, meanwhile ALA exhibited neuroprotective effects in response to IHG and CHG. These observations indicated that the PI3K/AKT pathway and the balance of TrkA/p75NTR are likely to serve as potential therapeutic targets for DE. In addition, ALA could be a possible therapeutic drug for DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an Cancer Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai TCM-Integrated Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai, China
| | - Danqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital Affiliated To Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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5
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A Study on the Immunohistochemical Expressions of Leptin and Leptin Receptor in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3682086. [PMID: 32802842 PMCID: PMC7424391 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3682086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The mechanisms that link obesity and cancer development are not well-defined. Investigation of leptin and leptin receptor expressions may help define some of the mechanisms. These proteins are known for associating with the immune response, angiogenesis and, signalling pathways such as JAK2/STAT3, PI3K, and AKT pathways. Tissue proteins can be easily detected with immunohistochemistry (IHC), a technique widely used both in diagnostic and research laboratories. The identification of altered levels of leptin and leptin receptor proteins in tumour tissues may lead to targeted treatment for cancer. Objective The objective of this study was to use IHC to compare leptin and leptin receptor expressions in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) in non-obese and obese patients to determine the association between these proteins with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of ccRCC. Patients and Methods. The study involved 60 patients who underwent nephrectomy of which 34 were obese, as assessed using body mass index (BMI). Nephrectomy samples provided tissues of ccRCC and adjacent non-cancerous kidney. The intensity and localization of leptin and leptin receptor protein expressions were evaluated using IHC and correlated with clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes. Aperio ImageScope morphometry and digital pathology were applied to assess the IHC results. The chi-square test was used to determine if there was any significant association between the proteins and the clinicopathological features. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to determine the overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results There was neither significant difference in the overall cellular and nuclear expressions of leptin and leptin receptor between non-cancerous kidney and ccRCC tissues nor in non-obese and obese individuals with ccRCC. Conclusion In this present study, it was revealed that leptin and leptin receptor were not associated with tumour characteristics and progression of ccRCC patients. Interestingly, nuclear expression of leptin was significantly associated with overall survival. However, the significance of these proteins as biomarkers in other RCC histotypes is still unclear.
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6
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Sun F, Yuan W, Wu H, Chen G, Sun Y, Yuan L, Zhang W, Lei M. LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 attenuates sepsis-induced myocardial injury via regulating miR-192-5p/XIAP axis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:620-630. [PMID: 32102564 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220908041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction is a prime cause of death in sepsis. This study is to delve into the function of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in myocardial injury induced by sepsis. Sepsis-induced myocardial injury model in rat was initiated by intraperitoneally injecting of LPS (10 mg/kg) in vivo, and cardiomyocyte H9c2 was treated with LPS to mimic sepsis in vitro. KCNQ1OT1 and miR-192-5p expressions were detected by qRT-PCR. The cell viability was probed with CCK-8 experiment and the apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes was tested using flow cytometry analysis. Western blot was operated to determine apoptosis-related proteins expressions. ELISA was used to evaluate the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR, dual luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation experiment were utilized to detect the interrelation of genes. Herein, we proved that KCNQ1OT1 was considerably down-regulated, whereas miR-192-5p was markedly increased in myocardial tissues of septic rats. KCNQ1OT1 interrelated with miR-192-5p, and negatively modulated its expression levels. Overexpression of KCNQ1OT1 or the transfection of miR-192-5p inhibitors greatly facilitated the viability and impeded the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes. miR-192-5p paired with the 3ʹUTR of XIAP, and repressed its protein expression, and XIAP was modulated positively by KCNQ1OT1. In conclusion, our work indicates that down-regulation of KCNQ1OT1 advances cardiac injury through regulating miR-192-5p/XIAP axis during sepsis. Impact statement Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy remains to be a major challenge to health care systems around the globe. There are no known therapies currently available that can cure the disease. This study provides convincing evidence that KCNQ1OT1 could attenuate sepsis-mediated myocardial injury. We further demonstrate that the beneficial function of KCNQ1OT1 was achieved by regulating the miR-192-5p/XIAP axis. We therefore found a new mechanism of cardioprotective effect of KCNQ1OT1, one which also offers a novel theoretical basis for the therapy of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Weifang Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Trauma center, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Yuxia Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Trauma center, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, China
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7
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Jiang T, You H, You D, Zhang L, Ding M, Yang B. A miR-1275 mimic protects myocardiocyte apoptosis by regulating the Wnt/NF-κB pathway in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 466:129-137. [PMID: 32056105 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of a miR-1275 mimic in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury (MI). Three groups of rats were established: a sham-operated group, a MI group and a MI+miR-1275 group pretreated for 1 week i.p. with a miR-1275 mimic at a concentration of 30 pmol/mL. MI was induced by I/R. The levels of myocardial enzymes in serum were estimated in all rats, together with haemodynamic functions. The effects of the miR-1275 mimic were determined based on the serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators in the treated vs. sham and MI rats. In addition, western blot assay and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to examine the effect of the miR-1275 mimic on the Wnt/NF-kB signalling pathway in MI rats. Treatment with the miR-1275 mimic attenuated the altered levels of myocardial enzymes and haemodynamic functions seen in MI rats. The myocardial infarct was smaller in rats treated with the miR-1275 mimic than in MI rats. The miR-1275 mimic also reduced myocardiocyte apoptosis and ameliorated the altered Wnt/KF-kB pathway. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the miR-1275 mimic in preventing myocardial I/R-induced MI in rats, by regulating the Wnt/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.,Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hong You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dong You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Depatment of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China. .,Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
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8
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Jeong S, Jo MJ, Yun HK, Kim DY, Kim BR, Kim JL, Park SH, Na YJ, Jeong YA, Kim BG, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Heo JY, Han J, Il Lee S, Do Kim H, Kim DH, Oh SC, Lee DH. Cannabidiol promotes apoptosis via regulation of XIAP/Smac in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31699976 PMCID: PMC6838113 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
According to recent studies, Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the main components of Cannabis sativa, has anticancer effects in several cancers. However, the exact mechanism of CBD action is not currently understood. Here, CBD promoted cell death in gastric cancer. We suggest that CBD induced apoptosis by suppressing X-linked inhibitor apoptosis (XIAP), a member of the IAP protein family. CBD reduced XIAP protein levels while increasing ubiquitination of XIAP. The expression of Smac, a known inhibitor of XIAP, was found to be elevated during CBD treatment. Moreover, CBD treatment increased the interaction between XIAP and Smac by increasing Smac release from mitochondria to the cytosol. CBD has also been shown to affect mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, these results suggest that CBD may have potential as a new therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Jeong
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jee Jo
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Yun
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeong Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Lim Kim
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon A Jeong
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Bu Gyeom Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- 0000 0001 0547 4545grid.257127.4Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia 20060 USA
| | - Duane T. Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37208 USA
| | - Jun Young Heo
- 0000 0001 0722 6377grid.254230.2Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chung-nam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsu Han
- 0000 0001 0722 6377grid.254230.2Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chung-nam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Il Lee
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Do Kim
- Kaiyon Bio Tech Co., Ltd, 226 Gamasan-Ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Kaiyon Bio Tech Co., Ltd, 226 Gamasan-Ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon, 210-702, Korea.
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9
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Yang Q, Qu J, Jin C, Feng Y, Xie S, Zhu J, Liu G, Xie H, Qiu H, Qi Y, Mu J, Huang J. Schistosoma japonicum Infection Promotes the Response of Tfh Cells Through Down-Regulation of Caspase-3-Mediating Apoptosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2154. [PMID: 31572373 PMCID: PMC6753327 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, a new subset of immune cells, have been demonstrated to be involved in granulomatous responses to Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of Tfh cell aggregation in S. japonicum infection remain incompletely understood. In this study, we provide evidence that S. japonicum infection enhances the accumulation of Tfh cells in the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood of C57BL/6 mice. Infection-induced Tfh cells exhibited more potent effects directly on B cell responses than the control Tfh cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, reduced apoptosis of Tfh cells was found both in S. japonicum infected mice and in soluble egg antigen (SEA) treated Tfh cells (P < 0.05). Mechanistic studies reveal that caspase-3 is the primary drivers of down-regulated apoptotic Tfh cell death in S. japonicum infection. In summary, this study demonstrates that Tfh cell accumulation might have an impact on the generation of immune responses in S. japonicum infection, and caspase-3 signaling mediated apoptosis down-regulation might responsible for the accumulation of Tfh cell in this course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxin Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaoshen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Wang L, Liu N, Xue X, Zhou S. The Effect of Overexpression of the Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 1 (EZH1) Gene on Aristolochic Acid-Induced Injury in HK-2 Human Kidney Proximal Tubule Cells In Vitro. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:801-810. [PMID: 30688289 PMCID: PMC6362760 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) involves the renal tubular epithelium. The enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) gene has a role in cell development and differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of overexpression of the EZH1 gene on aristolochic acid-induced injury in HK-2 human kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells in vitro. Material/Methods The HK-2 cells were cultured and treated with aristolochic acid and the effects of aristolochic acid-injury were evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Overexpression of EZH1 used gene plasmid transfection into HK-2 cells. The cell apoptosis rate and levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using flow cytometry. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to determine the expressions of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), apoptosis-related genes, and the downstream target genes of NF-κB signaling pathway, including NFKBIA, CXCL8, and cyclin D1. Results Aristolochic acid inhibited HK-2 cell viability, induced cell apoptosis, increased the levels of ROS and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and activated the NF-κB pathway. Overexpression the EZH1 gene inhibited HK-2 cell apoptosis, reduced ROS levels, and down-regulated the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Bax and Cyt C mRNA and protein, and increased the expressions of Bcl-2 and NFKBIA, CXCL8 and cyclin D1, indicating that overexpression of EZH1 suppressed NF-κB signaling in aristolochic acid-injured HK-2 cells. Conclusions Overexpression of EZH1 reduced HK-2 cell injury induced by aristolochic acid in vitro by inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyan Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shujun Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Ding J, Lu X. Expression of miR-204 in pediatric retinoblastoma and its effects on proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:7152-7157. [PMID: 30546451 PMCID: PMC6256316 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression, clinical significance and molecular mechanism of miR-204 in human retinoblastoma (RB) and para-carcinoma tissues were investigated. A total of 110 cases of RB tissues preserved after ophthalmectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (People's Hospital of Hunan Province) from April 2013 to June 2017 were collected along with 100 cases of para-carcinoma normal tissues. The expression of miR-204 in RB tissues was detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and its associations with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Y79 cells were transfected with miR-204 mimics. A total of 80 pmol/l miR-204 mimics and 10 µl Lipofectamine 2000 were added into the experimental group. Cell proliferation was detected via methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, apoptosis was detected via flow cytometry at 48 h after transfection, and the relative expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) and Sirt1 mRNA were detected via RT-qPCR. The results of MTT assay revealed that the measured value of the optical density (OD) in the experimental group at 48 h was obviously lower than that in the negative control group (p<0.001). The proportion of apoptotic cells in the experimental group was remarkably higher than that in the negative control group (p<0.001). Compared with those in the negative control group, the relative expression levels of Bcl-2 and Sirt1 mRNAs in the experimental group were significantly decreased (p<0.001). miR-204 may be involved in the occurrence and development of RB, which is significantly associated with clinical tissue differentiation, neural infiltration and lymph node metastasis in patients. miR-204 may inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of RB cells through downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Sirt1 in RB. Therefore, miR-204 may become a new biological index for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and biotherapy of RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ding
- Medical Administration Division, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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Effects of Acute Cold Stress on Liver O-GlcNAcylation and Glycometabolism in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092815. [PMID: 30231545 PMCID: PMC6165085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates many biological processes. Studies have shown that O-GlcNAc modification levels can increase during acute stress and suggested that this may contribute to the survival of the cell. This study investigated the possible effects of O-GlcNAcylation that regulate glucose metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy in the liver after acute cold stress. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cold conditions (4 °C) for 0, 2, 4, and 6 h, then their livers were extracted and the expression of proteins involved in glucose metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy was determined. It was found that acute cold stress increased global O-GlcNAcylation and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation levels. This was accompanied by significantly increased activation levels of the glucose metabolism regulators 160 kDa AKT substrate (AS160), 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 (PFKFB2), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). The levels of glycolytic intermediates, fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) and pyruvic acid (PA), were found to show a brief increase followed by a sharp decrease. Additionally, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as the main cellular energy source, had a sharp increase. Furthermore, the B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) ratio was found to increase, whereas cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (caspase-3) and light chain 3-II (LC3-II) levels were reduced after acute cold stress. Therefore, acute cold stress was found to increase O-GlcNAc modification levels, which may have resulted in the decrease of the essential processes of apoptosis and autophagy, promoting cell survival, while altering glycose transport, glycogen synthesis, and glycolysis in the liver.
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