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Endothelial Progenitor Cells Affect the Growth and Apoptosis of Renal Cells by Secreting Microvesicles Carrying Dysregulated miR-205 and miR-206. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:4397829. [PMID: 36845016 PMCID: PMC9949956 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4397829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Background This study investigated the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA, miR) in microvesicles (MVs) secreted by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) involved in renal function in vivo and in vitro injury repair of rat primary kidney cells (PRKs). Methods Gene Expression Omnibus analysis of potential target miRNAs in nephrotic rats. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction verified the correlation of these miRNAs and screened the effective target miRNAs and their downstream putative target mRNAs. Western blot analyzes the protein levels of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) and the activation of the proapoptotic factor caspase-3/9 (cleaved). Dil-Ac-LDL staining, immunofluorescence, and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to identify the successful isolation of EPCs and PRKs and the morphology of MVs. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to detect the effect of miRNA-mRNA on the proliferation of PRKs. Standard biochemical kits were used to detect biochemical indicators in rat blood and urine. Dual-luciferase analysis of miRNA binding to mRNA was conducted. The effect of miRNA-mRNA interaction on the apoptosis level of PRKs was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results A total of 13 rat-derived miRNAs were potential therapeutic targets, and miR-205 and miR-206 were screened as the targets of this study. We found that the EPC-MVs alleviated the increase of blood urea nitrogen and urinary albumin excretion and the decrease in creatinine clearance caused by hypertensive nephropathy in vivo. The effect of MVs in improving renal function indicators was promoted by miR-205 and miR-206 and inhibited by knockdown of expressed miR-205 and miR-206. In vitro, angiotensin II (Ang II) promoted growth inhibition and apoptosis of PRKs, and similarly, dysregulated miR-205 and miR-206 affected the induction of Ang II. We then observed that miR-205 and miR-206 cotargeted the downstream target DDX5 and regulated its transcriptional activity and translational levels, while also reducing the activation of proapoptotic factors caspase-3/9. Overexpressed DDX5 reversed the effects of miR-205 and miR-206. Conclusion By upregulating the expression of miR-205 and miR-206 in MVs secreted by EPC, the transcriptional activity of DDX5 and the activation of caspase-3/9 can be inhibited, thereby promoting the growth of PRKs and protecting the injury caused by hypertensive nephropathy.
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Song Y, Bai Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Mai H, Wang B, Lin Y, Gu S. Protective effects of endothelial progenitor cell microvesicles on Ang II‑induced rat kidney cell injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:4. [PMID: 34738620 PMCID: PMC8600403 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypertension can lead to kidney damage, known as hypertensive nephropathy or hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms via which hypertensive nephropathy develops is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair primary rat kidney cells (PRKs). ELISA, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze the effects of EPCs or EPC-MVs on the oxidative stress, inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of PRKs induced by AngII. A PRK injury model was established using angiotensin II (Ang II). After Ang II induction, PRK proliferation was decreased, apoptosis was increased and the cell cycle was blocked at the G1 phase before entering the S phase. It was found that the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were increased, while the levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were decreased. Moreover, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased. Thus, Ang II damaged PRKs by stimulating oxidative stress and promoting the inflammatory response. However, when PRKs were co-cultured with EPCs, the damage induced by Ang II was significantly reduced. The current study collected the microvesicles (MVs) secreted by EPCs and co-cultured them with Ang II-induced PRKs, and identified that EPC-MVs retained their protective effect on PRKs. In conclusion, EPCs protect PRKs from Ang II-induced damage via secreted MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Song
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbing Bai
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Juming Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Huade Mai
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Bingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Lin
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Shenhong Gu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
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Zeng CY, Xu J, Liu X, Lu YQ. Cardioprotective Roles of Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:717536. [PMID: 34513956 PMCID: PMC8428070 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.717536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the globally increasing prevalence, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading cause of mortality. The transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) holds a great promise due to their potential for vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and protective cytokine release, whose mechanisms are essential for CVD therapies. In reality, many investigations have attributed the therapeutic effects of EPC transplantation to the secretion of paracrine factors rather than the differentiation function. Of note, previous studies have suggested that EPCs could also release exosomes (diameter range of 30–150 nm), which carry various lipids and proteins and are abundant in microRNAs. The EPC-derived exosomes (EPC-EXs) were reported to act on the heart and blood vessels and were implicated in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, the inhibition of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and cardiac fibrosis, as well as anti-vascular remodeling and angiogenesis, which were considered as protective effects against CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on using EPC-EXs as therapeutic agents and provide a detailed description of their identified mechanisms of action to promote the prognosis of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yu Zeng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zeng W, Lei Q, Ma J, Gao S, Ju R. Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Microvesicles Promote Angiogenesis in Rat Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells In vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:638351. [PMID: 33679329 PMCID: PMC7930325 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.638351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are a major component of the blood-brain barrier that maintains brain homeostasis. Preserving and restoring the normal biological functions of BMECs can reverse or reduce brain injury. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may promote brain vascular remodeling and restore normal endothelial function. As a novel vehicle for cell-cell communication, microvesicles (MVs) have varied biological functions. The present study investigated the biological effects of EPC-derived MVs (EPC-MVs) on BMECs in vitro. We isolated MVs from the supernatant of EPCs in a serum-depleted medium. BMECs were cultured alone or in the presence of EPC-MVs. BMEC viability and proliferation were evaluated with the Cell Counting Kit-8 and by flow cytometry, and the proangiogenic effect of EPC-MVs on BMECs was assessed with the transwell migration, wound healing, and tube formation assays. Our results showed that EPC-derived MVs labeled with DiI were internalized by cultured BMECs; this enhanced BMEC viability and promoted their proliferation. EPC-MVs also stimulated migration and tube formation in BMECs. These results demonstrate that EPC-derived MVs exert a proangiogenic effect on BMECs, which has potential applications in cell-free therapy for brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaoling Lei
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Gao
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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