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Lai W, Xie R, Chen C, Lou W, Yang H, Deng L, Lu Q, Tang X. Integrated analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq identifies FBXO2 as a candidate biomarker associated with chemoresistance in HGSOC. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28490. [PMID: 38590858 PMCID: PMC10999934 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most prevalent and aggressive histological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. Around 80% of individuals will experience a recurrence within five years because of resistance to chemotherapy, despite initially responding well to platinum-based treatment. Biomarkers associated with chemoresistance are desperately needed in clinical practice. Methods We jointly analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of single-cell and bulk datasets of HGSOC to identify cell types associated with chemoresistance. Copy number variation (CNV) inference was performed to identify malignant cells. We subsequently analyzed the expression of candidate biomarkers and their relationship with patients' prognosis. The enrichment analysis and potential biological function of candidate biomarkers were explored. Then, we validated the candidate biomarker using in vitro experiments. Results We identified 8871 malignant epithelial cells in a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset, of which 861 cells were associated with chemoresistance. Among these malignant epithelial cells, FBXO2 (F-box protein 2) is highly expressed in cells related to chemoresistance. Moreover, FBXO2 expression was found to be higher in epithelial cells from chemoresistance samples compared to those from chemosensitivity samples in a separate single-cell RNA sequencing dataset. Patients exhibiting elevated levels of FBXO2 experienced poorer outcomes in terms of both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). FBXO2 could impact chemoresistance by influencing the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and ECM-receptor interactions and regulating tumorigenesis. The 50% maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin decreased in A2780 and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell lines with silenced FBXO2 during an in vitro experiment. Conclusions We determined that FBXO2 is a potential biomarker linked to chemoresistance in HGSOC by combining single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq dataset. Our results suggest that FBXO2 could serve as a valuable prognostic marker and potential target for drug development in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Lai
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruixiang Xie
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiming Lou
- Academic Affairs Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Libin Deng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Alsaab HO, Abdullaev B, Alkhafaji AT, Alawadi AH, Jahlan I, Bahir H, Bisht YS, Alsaalamy A, Jabbar AM, Mustafa YF. A comprehension of signaling pathways and drug resistance; an insight into the correlation between microRNAs and cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154848. [PMID: 37862919 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of numerous therapies, cancer remains an incurable disease due to various factors, including drug resistance produced by cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate different target genes involved in biological and pathological processes, including cancer, through post-transcriptional mechanisms. The development of drug resistance in cancer treatment is a significant barrier because it decreases drug uptake, cellular transport, and changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptotic pathways. Numerous studies have found a connection between miRNAs and the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. This paper provides a broad overview of how miRNAs regulate signaling pathways and influence treatment resistance in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Research Department of Biotechnology, New Uzbekistan University, Mustaqillik Avenue 54, Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Milliy Bog Street 264, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan.
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ibtesam Jahlan
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Bahir
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Abeer Mhussan Jabbar
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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León-Letelier RA, Dou R, Vykoukal J, Sater AHA, Ostrin E, Hanash S, Fahrmann JF. The kynurenine pathway presents multi-faceted metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1256769. [PMID: 37876966 PMCID: PMC10591110 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1256769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) and associated catabolites play key roles in promoting tumor progression and modulating the host anti-tumor immune response. To date, considerable focus has been on the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and its catabolite, kynurenine (Kyn). However, increasing evidence has demonstrated that downstream KP enzymes and their associated metabolite products can also elicit tumor-microenvironment immune suppression. These advancements in our understanding of the tumor promotive role of the KP have led to the conception of novel therapeutic strategies to target the KP pathway for anti-cancer effects and reversal of immune escape. This review aims to 1) highlight the known biological functions of key enzymes in the KP, and 2) provide a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging therapies aimed at targeting discrete enzymes in the KP for anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. León-Letelier
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rongzhang Dou
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jody Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ali Hussein Abdel Sater
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Edwin Ostrin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Samir Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Selvakumar SC, Preethi KA, Sekar D. MicroRNAs as important players in regulating cancer through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188904. [PMID: 37142060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer being the leading cause of mortality has become a great threat worldwide. Current cancer therapeutics lack specificity and have side effects due to a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In recent years, researchers have been focusing on several signalling pathways to pave the way for novel therapeutics. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway is one of the important pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, leading to tumour growth. In addition, the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis has several downstream pathways that could lead to tumour malignancy, metastasis and chemoresistance. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of various genes leading to disease pathogenesis. Hence studies of the role of miRNAs in regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for cancer. Thus, in this review, we have focused on various miRNAs involved in the carcinogenesis of various cancer via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmaa Chandralekha Selvakumar
- RNA Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - K Auxzilia Preethi
- RNA Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- RNA Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India.
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Integrated Tissue and Blood miRNA Expression Profiles Identify Novel Biomarkers for Accurate Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results and Future Clinical Implications. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13111931. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify miRNAs that were closely related to breast cancer (BRCA). By integrating several methods including significance analysis of microarrays, fold change, Pearson’s correlation analysis, t test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis, we developed a decision-tree-based scoring algorithm, called Optimized Scoring Mechanism for Primary Synergy MicroRNAs (O-PSM). Five synergy miRNAs (hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-331-3p, hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-654-3p) were identified using O-PSM, which were used to distinguish normal samples from pathological ones, and showed good results in blood data and in multiple sets of tissue data. These five miRNAs showed accurate categorization efficiency in BRCA typing and staging and had better categorization efficiency than experimentally verified miRNAs. In the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, the target genes of hsa-miR-342-5p have the most regulatory relationships, which regulate carcinogenesis proliferation and metastasis by regulating Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Moreover, hsa-miR-342-5p showed potential clinical application in survival analysis. We also used O-PSM to generate an R package uploaded on github (SuFei-lab/OPSM accessed on 22 October 2021). We believe that miRNAs included in O-PSM could have clinical implications for diagnosis, prognostic stratification and treatment of BRCA, proposing potential significant biomarkers that could be utilized to design personalized treatment plans in BRCA patients in the future.
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Zhao C, Zhang H, Zhou J, Liu Q, Lu Q, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang S, Liu R, Pu Y, Yin L. Metabolomic transition trajectory and potential mechanisms of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine induced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114071. [PMID: 36113270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an environment-relevant malignancy with a high mortality. Nitrosamines, a class of nitrogen-containing environmental carcinogens, are widely suggested as a risk factor for ESCC. However, how nitrosamines affect metabolic regulation to promote ESCC tumorigenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the transition trajectory of serum metabolism in the course of ESCC induced by N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in rats was depicted by an untargeted metabolomic analysis, and the potential molecular mechanisms were revealed. The results showed that the metabolic alteration in rats was slight at the basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) stage, while it became apparent when the esophageal lesion developed into dysplasia (DYS) or more serious conditions. Moreover, serum metabolism of severe dysplasia (S-DYS) showed more similar characteristics to that of carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cancer (IC). Aberrant nicotinate (NA) and nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism, tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism could be the key players favoring the malignant transformation of esophageal epithelium induced by NMBA. More particularly, NA and NAM metabolism in the precancerous stages and TRP metabolism in the cancerous stages were demonstrated to replenish NAD+ in different patterns. Furthermore, both the IDO1-KYN-AHR axis mediated by TRP metabolism and the SPHK1-S1P-S1PR1 axis by sphingolipid metabolism provided an impetus to create the pro-inflammatory yet immune-suppressive microenvironment to facilitate the esophageal tumorigenesis and progression. Together, these suggested that NMBA exerted its carcinogenicity via more than one pathway, which may act together to produce combination effects. Targeting these pathways may open up the possibility to attenuate NMBA-induced esophageal carcinogenesis. However, the interconnection between different metabolic pathways needs to be specified further. And the integrative and multi-level systematic research will be conducive to fully understanding the mechanisms of NMBA-induced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; School of Nursing & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu, China.
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Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction Induces Apoptosis and Enhances Cisplatin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo through Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5739909. [PMID: 35281608 PMCID: PMC8906977 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5739909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study is aimed at investigating the anticancer activity of Fuzheng Jiedu decoction (FJD) alone or in combination with cisplatin in ovarian cancer (OC) models, as well as its underlying mechanisms of action. Methods The anticancer activities of FJD, cisplatin, and the combination of the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002, LY) or activator (IGF-1) were evaluated in OC cell lines in vitro and in a SKOV3 xenograft mouse model in vivo. The cell proliferation and invasion ability were measured using MTT, EdU, and transwell assays, respectively. The cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and JC-1 assays. The expression levels of the Bcl-2 family and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB pathway-related proteins were analyzed by Western blot. Results The in vivo and in vitro studies showed that FJD administration could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis in two OC cell lines SKOV3 and 3AO and partially decreased the tumor volumes and weights. In addition, FJD could significantly downregulate the protein levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, NF-κB, p38, and Bcl-2 and upregulate the Bax, Cyt-C, and cleaved caspase-3 in OC tumor tissues and cells. FJD cotreatment increased the efficacy of cisplatin, including inhibiting OC cell proliferation and invasion, promoting cell apoptosis, and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, while this enhancement was suppressed by IGF-1. Similarly, LY also enhanced the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin. Conclusions This study indicated that FJD could improve the efficacy of cisplatin by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB signaling pathway. It is suggested that FJD may be a valuable adjuvant drug for the treatment of OC.
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QPRT Acts as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Invasive Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6548644. [PMID: 35251175 PMCID: PMC8894024 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6548644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) is a rate-limiting enzyme that encodes the uronic acid pathway, which is involved in cell cycle progression and cancer cell metabolism. Some studies have demonstrated the progrowth effect of QPRT on breast cancer (BRCA) tumour cells, but its mechanism of action requires further exploration. Methods. We investigated the expression of QPRT and the prognosis of patients with different tumours by performing a pan-cancer analysis of QPRT. Prognostic values for overall survival (OS) were determined using uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses. The prognostic survival of patients with a different pathological staging of BRCA and with QPRT high and low expression was also analysed. We also explored the relevant pathways by which QPRT affected BRCA tumorigenesis by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and western blotting. The impact of QPRT on the PI3K/Akt pathway was also evaluated. Results. Pan-cancer analysis revealed significant QPRT expression in pan-cancer and correlated with prognosis in most tumour patients. QPRT was also highly expressed in BRCA when patients had poor prognoses, and its expression was associated with different pathological BRCA subtypes. GSEA revealed an association between BRCA progression and the cell cycle and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathway, and this association was confirmed by western blotting. Conclusion. QPRT is highly expressed in breast cancer and particularly in HER2 breast cancer. Upregulated QPRT expression is an independent predictor of breast cancer prognosis and promotes breast cancer progression by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
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Wang Q, Wang LX, Zhang CY, Bai N, Feng C, Zhang ZM, Wang L, Gao ZZ. LncRNA CRNDE promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer via miR-423-5p/FSCN1 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1477-1488. [PMID: 35166986 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer seriously threatens the health of women. LncRNA CRNDE is known to be upregulated in ovarian cancer. However, the mechanism by which CRNDE regulates the progress of ovarian cancer is largely unknown. MTT assay was applied to measure the cell viability. Colony formation assay was used to measure the cell proliferation. Cell migration was tested by wound healing, and Transwell assay was performed to detect cell invasion. In addition, the expression of miR-423-5p, CRNDE and FSCN1 were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Meanwhile, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were performed to explore the correlation between miR-423-5p and CRNDE (or FSCN1). CRNDE and FSCN1 were upregulated in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3, CAOV-3, IGROV1, A2780 and C13K), while miR-423-5p was downregulated. Moreover, silencing of FSCN1/CRNDE significantly decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3 and CI3K) via suppressing MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, CRNDE could sponge miR-423-5p, and FSCN1 was confirmed to be the direct target of miR-423-5p. Furthermore, CRNDE knockdown-induced inhibition of FSCN1 was notably reversed by miR-423-5p downregulation. Knockdown of CRNDE inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer via miR-423-5p/FSCN1 axis. Thus, CRNDE may serve a new target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ling-Xiong Wang
- Institute of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Birth Defects Prevention and Control Technology Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Nan Bai
- The Medicine Clinical Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhuo-Mei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China.
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Akbarzadeh M, Mihanfar A, Akbarzadeh S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. Crosstalk between miRNA and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in cancer. Life Sci 2021; 285:119984. [PMID: 34592229 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is one of the most important proliferative signaling pathways with critical undeniable function in various aspects of cancer initiation/progression, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. On the other hand, numerous genetic alterations in the key genes involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway have been identified in multiple solid and hematological tumors. In addition, accumulating recent evidences have demonstrated a reciprocal interaction between this signaling pathway and microRNAs, a large group of small non-coding RNAs. Therefore, in this review, it was attempted to discuss about the interaction between key components of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway with various miRNAs and their importance in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shabnam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Ghanem MS, Monacelli F, Nencioni A. Advances in NAD-Lowering Agents for Cancer Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:1665. [PMID: 34068917 PMCID: PMC8156468 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential redox cofactor, but it also acts as a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes, regulating cellular events such as DNA repair and gene expression. Since such processes are fundamental to support cancer cell survival and proliferation, sustained NAD production is a hallmark of many types of neoplasms. Depleting intratumor NAD levels, mainly through interference with the NAD-biosynthetic machinery, has emerged as a promising anti-cancer strategy. NAD can be generated from tryptophan or nicotinic acid. In addition, the "salvage pathway" of NAD production, which uses nicotinamide, a byproduct of NAD degradation, as a substrate, is also widely active in mammalian cells and appears to be highly exploited by a subset of human cancers. In fact, research has mainly focused on inhibiting the key enzyme of the latter NAD production route, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), leading to the identification of numerous inhibitors, including FK866 and CHS-828. Unfortunately, the clinical activity of these agents proved limited, suggesting that the approaches for targeting NAD production in tumors need to be refined. In this contribution, we highlight the recent advancements in this field, including an overview of the NAD-lowering compounds that have been reported so far and the related in vitro and in vivo studies. We also describe the key NAD-producing pathways and their regulation in cancer cells. Finally, we summarize the approaches that have been explored to optimize the therapeutic response to NAMPT inhibitors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa S. Ghanem
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.G.); (F.M.)
| | - Fiammetta Monacelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.G.); (F.M.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.S.G.); (F.M.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Zhao G, Zhang A, Sun S, Ding Y. Long non-coding RNA LINC00173 enhances cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via the microRNA-641/RAB14 axis. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:371. [PMID: 33777195 PMCID: PMC7988719 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the chemoresistance of human cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of certain lncRNAs in the chemotherapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function and potential mechanism of action of lncRNA LINC00173 in HCC cisplatin (DDP) resistance. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis indicated that LINC00173 was highly expressed in DDP-resistant HCC tissues and cell lines, and high expression levels of LINC00173 were found to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Moreover, LINC00173-knockdown improved the DDP sensitivity of DDP-resistant HCC cells. A luciferase reporter assay also demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-641 was a direct target of LINC00173. miR-641 inhibition restored the promoting effect of LINC00173 knockdown on DDP sensitivity in HCC cells. Furthermore, RAB14 was identified as a target of miR-641, and RAB14 overexpression restrained the inducing effect of LINC00173 knockdown on HCC cell DDP sensitivity. The findings of the present study demonstrated that LINC00173 increased DDP resistance in HCC via the miR-641/RAB14 axis, which may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Zhao
- Department of Emergency General Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Anhua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, Shandong 261500, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong Ding
- Department of Emergency General Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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Dou L, Zhang Y. miR-4461 Regulates the Proliferation and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer Cells and Cisplatin Resistance. Front Oncol 2021; 11:614035. [PMID: 33767986 PMCID: PMC7985457 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.614035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are of great significance in cancer treatment, which may have a desirable result on the regulation of tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, and chemo-resistance of ovarian cancer. However, the research on the further potential application of miR-4461 in ovarian cancer is little and limited. Therefore, the study in this paper focus on the investigation of the of miR-4461 in ovarian cancer progression and chemo-resistance. The phenomenon that the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells can be promoted by miR4461 is revealed in functional assays. Through the bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis, the PTEN is validated to be the direct target of miR-4461 in ovarian. The association between the expression of miR-4461 and PTEN is negative in in human ovarian cancer tissues. The distinction of growth and metastasis capacity between miR-4461 knockdown ovarian cancer cells and control cells is partially abolished by si-PTEN. Moreover, it was found that cisplatin treatment has obvious effect on the miR-4461 knockdown ovarian cancer cells. In summary, the data given in this paper indicate that the miR-4461 can be regarded as a potential onco-miRNA in ovarian cancer by targeting PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Gao W, Chen X, Chi W, Xue M. Long non‑coding RNA MKLN1‑AS aggravates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by functioning as a molecular sponge for miR‑654‑3p, thereby promoting hepatoma‑derived growth factor expression. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1743-1754. [PMID: 33000222 PMCID: PMC7521589 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently gained attention due to their important roles in human cancer types, such as breast and gastric cancer. The present study measured alterations in muskelin 1 antisense RNA (MKLN1‑AS) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluated its clinical value in patients with HCC. Additionally, the current study investigated the effects of MKLN1‑AS on the malignant features of HCC cells. The detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the cancer‑promoting activities of MKLN1‑AS in HCC cells were also elucidated. MKLN1‑AS expression in HCC tissues and cell lines was detected using reverse‑transcription quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays and flow cytometry were used to determine the roles of MKLN1‑AS in HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Migration and invasion assays, as well as tumor xenograft experiments were conducted to analyze migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, respectively. The interaction among microRNA‑654‑3p (miR‑654‑3p), MKLN1‑AS and hepatoma‑derived growth factor (HDGF) in HCC was investigated using luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, RT‑qPCR, western blotting and rescue experiments. MKLN1‑AS was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and a high MKLN1‑AS expression was associated with shorter overall survival and disease‑free survival in patients with HCC. Functionally, the knockdown of MKLN1‑AS impaired HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Knockdown of MKLN1‑AS expression also inhibited cell proliferation in vivo. The results indicated that MKLN1‑AS functioned as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR‑654‑3p in HCC cells. Additionally, miR‑654‑3p targeting of HDGF was positively modulated by MKLN1‑AS, and miR‑654‑3p knockdown partially abrogated this effect. Rescue experiments demonstrated that knockdown of miR‑654‑3p and overexpression of HDGF both abolished MKLN1‑AS knockdown‑induced cellular processes in HCC. In summary, MKLN1‑AS induced pro‑oncogenic effects during HCC progression by serving as a molecular sponge for miR‑654‑3p to increase HDGF expression. Therefore, the MKLN1‑AS/miR‑654‑3p/HDGF axis may offer a novel target for the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Gao
- Third Department of Cancer Clinical Medicine Center, Shibo High‑Tech Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255086, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Oncology, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chi
- Department of Oncology, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Oncology, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
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