MicroRNA-3148 inhibits glioma by decreasing DCUN1D1 and inhibiting the NF-kB pathway

Exploring miR-3148's impact on Krüppel-like factor 6-driven mitophagy and apoptosis in myocardial ischemic injury

Objective

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for millions of fatalities annually. The injury and repair of cardiomyocytes are closely associated with the changes in gene expression. MicroRNAs could serve as a potential target for MI treatment. This work aims to investigate the role of miR-3148 in mitochondrial dynamics during acute MI (AMI) with a specific focus on its regulatory mechanisms in mitophagy and apoptosis, which could reveal potential therapeutic targets for AMI treatment.

Material and Methods

MiR-3148 levels in patients with AMI and experimental models were measured to assess the effects of miR-3148 on cardiomyocyte viability under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). The present investigation involved monitoring mitophagy markers, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (Parkin), Beclin1, and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 II/I (LC3 II/I) ratio, as well as apoptotic markers such as cysteine-aspartic acid protease (Caspase) 9, Caspase 3, and cytochrome C (Cyt C). In addition, Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) was examined as a target of miR-3148.

Results

MiR-3148 was significantly elevated in patients with AMI and models. MiR-3148 overexpression reduced cardiomyocyte viability, whereas miR-3148 knockdown protected against OGD injury. The inhibition of miR-3148 activated mitophagy, as shown by the increased PINK1, Parkin, Beclin1 levels, and LC3 II/I ratios, and reduced sequestosome 1 (p62), and apoptotic markers levels. MiR-3148 directly targeted KLF6, reducing its expression. The suppression of KLF6 aggravated OGD injury by disrupting PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and enhancing apoptosis. Attenuating KLF6 expression reversed the protective effects of miR-3148 inhibition, indicating reciprocal regulation.

Conclusion

In myocardial ischemic injury, miR-3148 modulates PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and apoptosis through KLF6 regulation. This finding highlights miR-3148 as a key factor in the pathogenesis of AMI and as a potential therapeutic target.

A comprehensive review on DCN1 protein, inhibitors and their therapeutic applications

DCN1, a critical co-E3 ligase in the neddylation process, mediates the activation of Cullin-RING Ligases (CRLs) by selectively catalyzing cullin neddylation, further regulating the activity of substrate proteins. It has been identified as an important target for human diseases, including cancers, fibrotic diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. This work aims to provide a perspective for the discovery of novel DCN1 inhibitors by the analysis of biological roles, protein structures, structure-activity relationships and design strategy disclosed in recent years. Additionally, we will discuss the current status, challenges and opportunities in hope of offering insights into the development of DCN1 inhibitors for human diseases.

Inhibition of DCUN1D1 attenuates periodontitis by suppressing NF-κB signaling

Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling-mediated inflammation contributes greatly to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Neddylation, a ubiquitin-like posttranslational modification, is known to regulate NF-κB signaling. DCUN1D1 (defective in cullin neddylation 1 domain containing 1) is a critical factor in neddylation and has been shown to regulate NF-κB activation. However, the previse roles of DCUN1D1 in periodontitis are not fully elucidated. To explore the roles of DCUN1D1 in periodontitis, the expression of DCUN1D1 was measured in gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis. We inhibited DCUN1D1 by siRNA knocking down or using inhibitor in gingival fibroblasts and the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, and activation of NF-κB were measured. The expression of DCUN1D1 was increased in gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis. Knocking down or inhibiting DCUN1D1 suppressed LPS-induced production of IL-6 and TNF-α, decreased NF-κB activity, and inhibited LPS-induced activation of NF-κB. Inhibiting DCUN1D1 ameliorates periodontitis by suppressing NF-κB signaling.