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Ju J, Li Z, Jia X, Peng X, Wang J, Gao F. Interleukin-18 in chronic pain: Focus on pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107089. [PMID: 38295914 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pain has been proven to be an independent disease, other than an accompanying symptom of certain diseases. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a pro-inflammatory cytokine with pleiotropic biological effects, participates in immune modulation, inflammatory response, tumor growth, as well as the process of chronic pain. Compelling evidence suggests that IL-18 is upregulated in the occurrence of chronic pain. Antagonism or inhibition of IL-18 expression can alleviate the occurrence and development of chronic pain. And IL-18 is located in microglia, while IL-18R is mostly located in astrocytes in the spinal cord. This indicates that the interaction between microglia and astrocytes mediated by the IL-18/IL-18R axis is involved in the occurrence of chronic pain. In this review, we described the role and mechanism of IL-18 in different types of chronic pain. This review provides strong evidence that IL-18 is a potential therapeutic target in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Cheng Y, Wu B, Huang J, Chen Y. Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Central Post-Stroke Pain: A Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3083-3098. [PMID: 37166685 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Central Post-Stroke Pain (CPSP) is a primary sequelae of stroke that can develop in the body part corresponding to the cerebrovascular lesion after stroke, most typically after ischemic stroke but also after hemorrhagic stroke. The pathogenesis of CPSP is currently unknown, and research into its mechanism is ongoing. To summarize current research on the CPSP mechanism and provide guidance for future studies. Use "central post-stroke pain," "stroke AND thalamic pain," "stroke AND neuropathic pain," "post-stroke thalamic pain" as the search term. The search was conducted in the PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, summarizing and classifying the retrieved mechanism studies. The mechanistic studies on CPSP are extensive, and we categorized the included mechanistic studies and summarized them in terms of relevant pathway studies, relevant signals and receptors, relevant neural tissues, and described endoplasmic reticulum stress and other relevant studies, as well as summarized the mechanisms of acupuncture treatment. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of CPSP involves the entire spinal-thalamo-cortical pathway and that multiple substances in the nervous system are involved in the formation and development of CPSP. Among them, the relevant receptors and signals are the hotspot of research, and the discovery and exploration of different receptors and signals have provided a wide range of therapeutic ideas for CPSP. As a very effective treatment, acupuncture is less studied regarding the analgesic mechanism of CPSP, and further experimental studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Cheng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bangqi Wu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Jingjie Huang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yameng Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
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Chen C, Smith MT. The NLRP3 inflammasome: role in the pathobiology of chronic pain. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01235-8. [PMID: 37106238 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is not only one of the most common health problems, it is often challenging to treat adequately. Chronic pain has a high prevalence globally, affecting approximately 20% of the adult population. Chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic (nerve) pain conditions are areas of large unmet medical need because analgesic/adjuvant agents recommended for alleviation of these types of chronic pain often lack efficacy and/or they produce dose-limiting side effects. Recent work has implicated the NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome in the pathobiology of chronic pain, especially neuropathic and inflammatory pain conditions. NLRP3 is activated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). This in turn leads to recruitment and activation of caspase-1 an enzyme that cleaves the inactive IL-1β and IL-18 precursors to their respective mature pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) for release into the cellular milieu. Caspase-1 also cleaves the pyroptosis-inducing factor, gasdermin D, that leads to oligomerization of its N-terminal fragment to form pores in the host cell membrane. This then results in cellular swelling, lysis and release of cytoplasmic contents in an inflammatory form of cell death, termed pyroptosis. The ultimate outcome may lead to the development of neuropathic pain and/or chronic inflammatory pain. In this review, we address a role for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of various chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, St Lucia Campus, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, St Lucia Campus, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Maree T Smith
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, St Lucia Campus, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Shi ZM, Jing JJ, Xue ZJ, Chen WJ, Tang YB, Chen DJ, Qi XY, Huang L, Zou YQ, Wu XZ, Yang F. Stellate ganglion block ameliorated central post-stroke pain with comorbid anxiety and depression through inhibiting HIF-1α/NLRP3 signaling following thalamic hemorrhagic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:82. [PMID: 36944982 PMCID: PMC10031944 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02765-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is an intractable and disabling central neuropathic pain that severely affects patients' lives, well-being, and socialization abilities. However, CPSP has been poorly studied mechanistically and its treatment remains challenging. Here, we used a rat model of CPSP induced by thalamic hemorrhage to investigate its underlying mechanisms and the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on CPSP and emotional comorbidities. METHODS Thalamic hemorrhage was produced by injecting collagenase IV into the ventral-posterolateral nucleus (VPL) of the right thalamus. The up-and-down method with von Frey hairs was used to measure the mechanical allodynia. Behavioral tests were carried out to examine depressive and anxiety-like behaviors including the open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and forced swim test (FST). The peri-thalamic lesion tissues were collected for immunofluorescence, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genetic knockdown of thalamic hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) with microinjection of HIF-1α siRNA and NLRP3 siRNA into the VPL of thalamus were performed 3 days before collagenase injection into the same regions. Microinjection of lificiguat (YC-1) and MCC950 into the VPL of thalamus were administrated 30 min before the collagenase injection in order to inhibited HIF-1α and NLRP3 pharmacologically. Repetitive right SGB was performed daily for 5 days and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) was conducted to examine cerebral blood flow. RESULTS Thalamic hemorrhage caused persistent mechanical allodynia and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Accompanying the persistent mechanical allodynia, the expression of HIF-1α and NLRP3, as well as the activities of microglia and astrocytes in the peri-thalamic lesion sites, were significantly increased. Genetic knockdown of thalamic HIF-1α and NLRP3 significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors following thalamic hemorrhage. Further studies revealed that intra-thalamic injection of YC-1, or MCC950 significantly suppressed the activation of microglia and astrocytes, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the upregulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as mechanical allodynia and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors following thalamic hemorrhage. In addition, repetitive ipsilateral SGB significantly restored the upregulated HIF-1α/NLRP3 signaling and the hyperactivated microglia and astrocytes following thalamic hemorrhage. The enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress in the peri-thalamic lesion sites were also reversed by SGB. Moreover, LSCI showed that repetitive SGB significantly increased cerebral blood flow following thalamic hemorrhage. Most strikingly, SGB not only prevented, but also reversed the development of mechanical allodynia and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by thalamic hemorrhage. However, pharmacological activation of thalamic HIF-1α and NLRP3 with specific agonists significantly eliminated the therapeutic effects of SGB on mechanical allodynia and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors following thalamic hemorrhage. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated for the first time that SGB could improve CPSP with comorbid anxiety and depression by increasing cerebral blood flow and inhibiting HIF-1α/NLRP3 inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Mou Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Jun-Jie Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Children's Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Wen-Jun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yan-Bin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Du-Juan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Xin-Yi Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yi-Qing Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
| | - Xiao-Zhi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Fuzong Clinical College (900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
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Huang T, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Ge Y, Gao J. Combination of single-nucleus and bulk RNA-seq reveals the molecular mechanism of thalamus haemorrhage-induced central poststroke pain. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1174008. [PMID: 37153564 PMCID: PMC10157064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1174008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Central poststroke pain (CPSP) induced by thalamic haemorrhage (TH) can be continuous or intermittent and is accompanied by paresthesia, which seriously affects patient quality of life. Advanced insights into CPSP mechanisms and therapeutic strategies require a deeper understanding of the molecular processes of the thalamus. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), we sequenced the transcriptomes of 32332 brain cells, which revealed a total of four major cell types within the four thalamic samples from mice. Compared with the control group, the experimental group possessed the higher sensitivity to mechanical, thermal, and cold stimuli, and increased microglia numbers and decreased neuron numbers. We analysed a collection of differentially expressed genes and neuronal marker genes obtained from bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) data and found that Apoe, Abca1, and Hexb were key genes verified by immunofluorescence (IF). Immune infiltration analysis found that these key genes were closely related to macrophages, T cells, related chemokines, immune stimulators and receptors. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis also showed that the key genes were enriched in biological processes such as protein export from nucleus and protein sumoylation. In summary, using large-scale snRNA-seq, we have defined the transcriptional and cellular diversity in the brain after TH. Our identification of discrete cell types and differentially expressed genes within the thalamus can facilitate the development of new CPSP therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Huang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinggang Xiao
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Ge
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ju Gao
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Sun K, Zhang H, Zhang T, Sun N, Hao J, Wang Z, Gao C. Spinal HDAC6 mediates nociceptive behaviors induced by chronic constriction injury via neuronal activation and neuroinflammation. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231218352. [PMID: 37982151 PMCID: PMC10734332 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231218352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is often accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities and currently lacks effective treatment. Prior research has shown that HDAC6 plays a crucial role in pain sensitization, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. HDAC6 inhibitors have been found to alleviate mechanical allodynia caused by inflammation and peripheral nerve damage. In this study, we investigated the cellular mechanisms of HDAC6 in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Our findings indicate that HDAC6 expression in the spinal cord (SC) is upregulated in a time-dependent manner following chronic constriction injury (CCI). HDAC6 is primarily expressed in neurons and microglia in the spinal cord. CCI-induced HDAC6 production was abolished by intrathecal injection of a microglia inhibitor. ACY-1215, a specific HDAC6 inhibitor, significantly reduced CCI-induced mechanical allodynia, but not thermal hyperalgesia. ACY-1215 also inhibited neuron activation and suppressed CCI-induced pyroptosis and neuroinflammatory responses. In summary, our results suggest that HDAC6 contributes to the development and maintenance of NP through neuronal activation and neuroinflammation. HDAC6 may be a promising target for treating NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Pain Management, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingru Hao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Can Gao
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Zong C, Yang M, Guo X, Ji W. Chronic restraint stress promotes gastric epithelial malignant transformation by activating the Akt/p53 signaling pathway via ADRB2. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:300. [PMID: 35949623 PMCID: PMC9353258 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastric cancer is associated with infectious, environmental and dietary factors, as well as genetic background. Additionally, emerging evidence has supported the vital role of chronic emotional stress on gastric carcinogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic stress and a detrimental diet on gastric malignant epithelial transformation in rats. Therefore, 26 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: i) Control; ii) detrimental diet (DD); iii) detrimental diet with chronic restraint (DR) and iv) detrimental diet with chronic restraint and propranolol treatment (DRP). ELISA was performed to detect the serum levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Epithelial cell apoptosis was analyzed using the TUNEL assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Akt and p53 were detected using reverse transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Pathological changes were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E). The H&E staining results showed that dysplasia in the gastric mucosa occurred in two of eight rats in the DD group and in four of five rats in the DR group, whereas no dysplasia was detected in the DRP group. The apoptotic ratios of gastric epithelial cells were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group. Adrenoceptor β2 (ADRB2) protein expression levels were increased significantly only in the DR group and this effect was significantly reduced in the DRP group. The mRNA expression levels of Akt and p53 were significantly upregulated in the DD group, and Akt mRNA expression was further elevated in the DR group. With regard to protein expression, the levels of Akt and p-Akt were significantly increased in the DR group, whereas these effects were reversed in the DRP group. Furthermore, the ratio of p-p53/p53 protein was significantly reduced in the DD or DR groups, but was reversed in the DRP group. Collectively, the findings of the present study suggested that chronic restraint stress potentially aggravates the gastric epithelial malignant transformation induced by a detrimental diet, at least partially via the Akt/p53 signaling pathway mediated via ADRB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanju Zong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Maoquan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Wansheng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
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