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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Tong H, Zhang Y, Lu T. Potential Mechanisms for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Airway Mucus Hypersecretion Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:577285. [PMID: 33381519 PMCID: PMC7768030 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.577285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a great threat to global health. Its mortality is associated with inflammation-related airway mucus hypersecretion and dysfunction of expectoration, and the subsequent mucus blockage of the bronchioles at critical stage is attributed to hypoxemia, complications, and even death. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has rich experience in expectorant, including treatment of COVID-19 patients with airway mucus dysfunction, yet little is known about the mechanisms. This study is aiming to explore the potential biological basis of TCM herbal expectorant for treating COVID-19. Objective To get core herbs with high used frequency applications in the actions of expectoration by using association rule algorithm and to investigate the multitarget mechanisms of core herbs in expectorant formulae for COVID-19 therapies. Methods Forty prescriptions for expectorant were retrieved from TCM Formulae. The ingredient compounds and targets of core herbs were collected from the TCMSP database, Gene-Cards, and NCBI. The protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed by SRING, and the network analysis was done by Cytoscape software. Bioconductor was applied for functional enrichment analysis of targets. Results The core herbs of expectorant could regulate core pathways (MAP kinase activity, cytokine receptor binding, G-protein-coupled receptor binding, etc.) via interactions of ingredients (glycyrol, citromitin, etc.) on mucin family to eliminate phlegm. Conclusion TCM herbal expectorant could regulate MAPK and cytokine-related pathways, thereby modulating Mucin-family to affect mucus generation and clearance and eventually retarding the deterioration of COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zheyi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Encephalopathy, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to BUCM, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxuan Tong
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wang T, Wang P, Chen D, Xu Z, Yang L. circARRDC3 contributes to interleukin‑13‑induced inflammatory cytokine and mucus production in nasal epithelial cells via the miR‑375/KLF4 axis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:141. [PMID: 33313951 PMCID: PMC7751456 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa. It is a major risk factor for asthma development, and uncontrolled AR can lead to the worsening of asthma symptoms, which affects the quality of life and productivity of patients. Circular RNAs (circRNA) were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of AR. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional role of circRNA arrestin domain-containing 3 (circARRDC3) in AR progression. circARRDC3 knockdown suppressed the levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and eotaxin and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in IL-13-induced nasal epithelial cells. Moreover, circARRDC3 silencing promoted viability and suppressed apoptosis in IL-13-induced NECs. circARRDC3 targeted microRNA (miR)-375 and negatively regulated its expression. miR-375 inhibition reversed the effects of circARRDC3 knockdown on GM-CSF, eotaxin and MUC5AC expression levels, cell viability and cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-375 inhibited krueppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression through direct interaction, and miR-375 overexpression inhibited GM-CSF, eotaxin and MUC5AC expression levels, and cell apoptosis, which was abolished following KLF4 overexpression. In addition, circARRDC3, miR-375 and KLF4 were all dysregulated in the nasal mucosa of patients with AR. miR-375 expression was negatively correlated with circARRDC3 and KLF4 expression, and circARRDC3 expression was positively correlated with KLF4 expression. In conclusion, circARRDC3 contributed to the development of AR by regulating the miR-375/KLF4 axis. These findings may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Peihua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Zhang XG, Xue Z, Zhao YT, Bai L, Liu F, Li LQ, Wu J, Zhou JD, Yu JE. Therapeutic effects of liver soothing pingchuan formula decoction on experimental asthma in BALB/c mice via regulation of nerve growth factor-tyrosine kinase A pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6977-6984. [PMID: 29568869 PMCID: PMC5928654 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of liver soothing pingchuan formula decoction (LSPF) on experimental asthma in BALB/c mice and explore its potential molecular mechanisms. An animal model of asthma was established in BALB/c mice through sensitization and activation with intraperitoneal injection of 10% ovalbumin (OVA)/Al(OH)3 solution in addition to inhalation of a 5% OVA solution. LSPF (300 and 600 mg/kg/day) was initially administered orally prior to activation. Following this, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected for histopathalogical examination. Levels of inflammatory cells and cytokines were determined in the BALF, and levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) in the lung tissues were determined. The results of the present study indicated that increased inflammatory reactions were observed following OVA sensitization (P<0.05), and the expression levels of NGF (P<0.05) and TrkA (P<0.05) were significantly increased, compared with normal mice. Notably, compared with the asthma model group, immunohistochemical results revealed that LSPF treatment suppressed OVA induced inflammatory reactions (P<0.05) and NGF (P<0.05) and TrkA expression levels (P<0.05). In addition, the NGF (P<0.05) and TrkA (P<0.05) were revealed to be downregulated with LSPF treatment from the results of the ELISA and western blotting assay. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrated that LSPF exhibits therapeutic effects on experimental asthma in mice, via downregulation of the NGF-TrkA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Guang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Zhao
- Pediatric Institute of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Er Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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Shergis JL, Wu L, May BH, Zhang AL, Guo X, Lu C, Xue CC. Natural products for chronic cough: Text mining the East Asian historical literature for future therapeutics. Chron Respir Dis 2015; 12:204-11. [PMID: 25901012 DOI: 10.1177/1479972315583043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic cough is a significant health burden. Patients experience variable benefits from over the counter and prescribed products, but there is an unmet need to provide more effective treatments. Natural products have been used to treat cough and some plant compounds such as pseudoephedrine from ephedra and codeine from opium poppy have been developed into drugs. Text mining historical literature may offer new insight for future therapeutic development. We identified natural products used in the East Asian historical literature to treat chronic cough. Evaluation of the historical literature revealed 331 natural products used to treat chronic cough. Products included plants, minerals and animal substances. These natural products were found in 75 different books published between AD 363 and 1911. Of the 331 products, the 10 most frequently and continually used products were examined, taking into consideration findings from contemporary experimental studies. The natural products identified are promising and offer new directions in therapeutic development for treating chronic cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannah Linda Shergis
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute (HIRi), RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Brian H May
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute (HIRi), RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute (HIRi), RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xinfeng Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Charlie Changli Xue
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute (HIRi), RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Chang RS, Wang SD, Wang YC, Lin LJ, Kao ST, Wang JY. Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang shows preventive effect of asthma in an allergic asthma mouse model through neurotrophin regulation. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:220. [PMID: 24010817 PMCID: PMC3847146 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the effect of Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang (XQLT) on neurotrophin in an established mouse model of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-induced acute allergic asthma and in a LA4 cell line model of lung adenoma. The effects of XQLT on the regulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) and immunoglobulin E were measured. METHODS LA4 cells were stimulated with 100 μg/ml Der p 24 h and the supernatant was collected for ELISA analysis. Der p-stimulated LA4 cells with either XQLT pre-treatment or XQLT co-treatment were used to evaluate the XQLT effect on neurotrophin.Balb/c mice were sensitized on days 0 and 7 with a base-tail injection of 50 μg Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) that was emulsified in 50 μl incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). On day 14, mice received an intra-tracheal challenge of 50 μl Der p (2 mg/ml). XQLT (1g/Kg) was administered orally to mice either on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 as a preventive strategy or on day 15 as a therapeutic strategy. RESULTS XQLT inhibited expression of those NGF, BDNF and thymus-and activation-regulated cytokine (TARC) in LA4 cells that were subjected to a Der p allergen. Both preventive and therapeutic treatments with XQLT in mice reduced AHR. Preventive treatment with XQLT markedly decreased NGF in broncho-alveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and BDNF in serum, whereas therapeutic treatment reduced only serum BDNF level. The reduced NGF levels corresponded to a decrease in AHR by XQLT treatment. Reduced BALF NGF and TARC and serum BDNF levels may have been responsible for decreased eosinophil infiltration into lung tissue. Immunohistochemistry showed that p75NTR and TrkA levels were reduced in the lungs of mice under both XQLT treatment protocols, and this reduction may have been correlated with the prevention of the asthmatic reaction by XQLT. CONCLUSION XQLT alleviated allergic inflammation including AHR, IgE elevation and eosinophil infiltration in Der p stimulated mice by regulating neurotrophin and reducing TARC. These results revealed the potential pharmacological targets on which the XQLT decotion exerts preventive and therapeutic effects in an allergic asthma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Shiu Chang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tainan Sin-Lau Hospital, No. 57, Sec. 1, Dongmen Rd, Tainan 70142, Taiwan
| | - Shulhn-Der Wang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Te Kao
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
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