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Wang X, Li Z, Cui Y, Cui X, Chen C, Wang Z. Exosomes Isolated From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exert a Protective Effect on Osteoarthritis via lncRNA LYRM4-AS1-GRPR-miR-6515-5p. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644380. [PMID: 34124036 PMCID: PMC8193855 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exosomes isolated from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on osteoarthritis (OA) and a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Methods Exosomes were isolated from human BMSCs and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Nanosight (NTA), and western blotting. Chondrocytes were treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and then transfected with exosomes. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry, respectively. Cells with IL-1β and exosomes were sequenced, and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified. Thereafter, a ceRNA network (LYRM4-AS1-GRPR-miR-6515-5p) was chosen for further validation. Results TEM, NTA, and western blotting showed that exosomes were successfully isolated, and PKH67 staining showed that exosomes could be taken up by IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Compared with the control group, IL-1β significantly decreased cell viability and promoted apoptosis (P < 0.05), while exosomes reversed the changes induced by IL-1β. For MMP3, AKT, and GRPR, IL-1β upregulated their expression, while exosomes downregulated their expression. For PTEN, there was no significant difference in PTEN expression between the control and IL-1β groups; however, exosomes markedly upregulated PTEN expression. By sequencing, 907 DE-lncRNAs and 25 DE-miRNAs were identified, and a ceRNA network was constructed. The dual-luciferase reporter gene indicated that LYRM4-AS1, miR-6515-5, and GRPR interacted with each other. The results of cell experiments showed that LYRM4-AS1 regulated the growth of IL-1β-induced chondrocytes by GRPR/miR-6515-5p. Conclusion Exosomes may alleviate OA inflammation by regulating the LYRM4-AS1/GRPR/miR-6515-5p signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuokai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Long non-coding RNA GAS5 suppresses rheumatoid arthritis progression via miR-128-3p/HDAC4 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2491-2501. [PMID: 33611674 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly relevant public health problem. RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLSs) play an important role in RA progression. Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) could improve RA by inducing RAFLSs apoptosis. However, the mechanism of GAS5 in RA remains unclear. RT-qPCR detected the expressions of GAS5, microRNA-128-3p (miR-128-3p), and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in RA synovial tissues and RAFLSs. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and transwell assays, severally. The protein levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), C-caspase 3, Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), Tumor Necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 17 (IL-17), HDAC4, phosphorylation-protein kinase B (p-AKT), AKT, a phosphorylation-mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and mTOR were assessed by western blot assay. The interaction between miR-128-3p and GAS5 or HDAC4 was predicted by ENCORI or TargetScan Human and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. GAS5 and HDAC4 were downregulated, and miR-128-3p was upregulated in RA synovial tissues and RAFLSs. Function analysis indicated that GAS5 curbed proliferation, migration, invasion, inflammation, and facilitated apoptosis of RAFLSs. Rescue assay confirmed that miR-128-3p overexpression or HDAC4 knockdown weakened the inhibitory effect of GAS5 or anti-miR-128-3p on RA development. GAS5 acted as a miR-128-3p sponge to upregulate HDAC4 expression. Besides, GAS5/miR-128-3p/HDAC4 axis regulated RA progression partially through the AKT/mTOR pathway. Our studies disclosed that GAS5 restrained inflammation in synovial tissue partly through regulating HDAC4 via miR-128-3p, suggesting a potential lncRNA-targeted therapy for RA treatment.
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Esmaeili A, Hosseini S, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Engineered-extracellular vesicles as an optimistic tool for microRNA delivery for osteoarthritis treatment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:79-91. [PMID: 32601714 PMCID: PMC11072722 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic diseases. In OA, profiling gene expression changes occur and cartilage tissue homeostasis is lost. Suggestions for OA treatment include regulation of gene expressions via the use of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, problems exist with the use of miRNAs, the most important of which is the delivery of sufficient amounts of effective miRNAs to save cartilage tissue. The engineering of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with the use of advanced techniques would be an efficient OA treatment. Therefore, we discuss the importance of miRNAs in terms of cartilage tissue regeneration and review recent advances in production of enriched EVs and miRNA delivery by EVs for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Esmaeili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Wu Y, Lu X, Shen B, Zeng Y. The Therapeutic Potential and Role of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in Osteoarthritis. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 19:255-263. [PMID: 31333128 DOI: 10.2174/1566523219666190716092203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by progressive degeneration, joint hyperplasia, narrowing of joint spaces, and extracellular matrix metabolism. Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of OA may be related to non-coding RNA, and its pathological mechanism may be an effective way to reduce OA. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to investigate the recent progress of miRNA, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in gene therapy of OA, discussing the effects of this RNA on gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis and extracellular matrix in OA. METHODS The following electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, for published studies involving the miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in OA. The outcomes included the gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION With the development of technology, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA have been found in many diseases. More importantly, recent studies have found that RNA interacts with RNA-binding proteins to regulate gene transcription and protein translation, and is involved in various pathological processes of OA, thus becoming a potential therapy for OA. CONCLUSION In this paper, we briefly introduced the role of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in the occurrence and development of OA and as a new target for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxi Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
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Zhang H, Li J, Shao W, Shen N. LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 is upregulated in osteoarthritis and increases the methylation of miR-130a gene to inhibit chondrocyte proliferation. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3473-3478. [PMID: 32388751 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 has been reported to be involved in type 2 diabetes and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while its roles in other human diseases are unknown. Our preliminary deep sequencing analysis showed altered expression of CTBP1-AS2 in osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, CTBP1-AS2 was inversely correlated with miR-130a. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the interactions between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a in OA. METHODS Synovial fluid was collected from 62 OA patients and 62 healthy controls. RT-qPCR was performed to determine the expression levels of CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a in synovial fluid. Cell transfections were performed to investigate the interactions between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was performed to assess the effects of CTBP1-AS2 on the methylation of miR-130a. Cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to evaluate the roles of CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a in regulating proliferation of chondrocytes. RESULTS The results showed that CTBP1-AS2 was upregulated in OA and inversely correlated with miR-130a. In chondrocytes of OA patients, overexpression of CTBP1-AS2 led to increased methylation of miR-130a gene and downregulated expression of miR-130a, while overexpression of miR-130a did not affect the expression of CTBP1-AS2. In contrast, no interaction between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a was observed in chondrocytes from healthy adults. Analysis of chondrocyte proliferation showed that overexpression of miR-130a led to increased proliferation rate of chondrocytes extracted from OA patients. Overexpression of CTBP1-AS2 led to decreased proliferation rate of chondrocytes and reversed the effects of overexpressing miR-130a. CONCLUSION Therefore, CTBP1-AS2 is upregulated in OA and may increase the methylation of miR-130a gene to inhibit chondrocyte proliferation. Key Points • CTBP1-AS2 is overexpressed in OA and may downregulate miR-130a through methylation to suppress the proliferation of chondrocytes. • The interaction between CTBP1-AS2 and miR-130a is indirect and mediated by certain pathological mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Arthritis, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinglian Li
- Weifang Medical University, NO.4948 Shengli East Street, Weifang City,, 261042, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiguang Shao
- Department of Arthritis, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, 261031, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Naipeng Shen
- Department of Arthritis, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, 261031, Shandong Province, China.
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Ma Y, Jiang N, Wang L, Wang B, Niu W, Hu Y, Lin Q, Yu B. Mangiferin Relieves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Injury by Up-Regulating miR-181a via Targeting PTEN in ATDC5 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:137. [PMID: 32210798 PMCID: PMC7066527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mangiferin (MF) was reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity. This investigation tried to probe into the underlying mechanism of MF in osteoarthritis. Methods ATDC5 cells were pretreated with series concentrations of MF (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 μM) for 2 h and then were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 μg/ml) for 12 h to construct the inflammatory injury model. The cell viability, productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes were respectively measured by employing CCK-8 assay, western blot, ELISA, and quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT)-PCR. miR-181a expression was altered by employing cell transfection. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method was employed for detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Dual luciferase activity assay was conducted for analyzing the relationship between miR-181a and PTEN. The underlying mechanism was determined by employing western blot. Results High doses of MF treatment (15 and 20 μM) noticeably induced inflammatory injury exhibiting as increased the productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzymes and ROS, activated NF-κB pathway and deactivated PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway in ATDC5 cells. Besides, MF treatment notably remitted LPS-induced inflammatory injury through deactivation of NF-κB pathway and activation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. PTEN was a target of miR-181a. Inhibition of miR-181a remarkably reversed MF-triggered impacts on ATDC5 cells. Conclusion MF attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory damage through miR-181a/PTEN axis and thereby inhibiting NF-κB pathway and activating PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yunyan Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Niu
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Orthopedics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingrong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Delivery of miRNA-29b Using R9-LK15, a Novel Cell-Penetrating Peptide, Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3032158. [PMID: 31111046 PMCID: PMC6487134 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3032158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of osteogenesis-promoting microRNAs (miRNAs) is a promising approach to enhance bone regeneration. In this study, we generated nanocomplexes comprising the novel cell-penetrating peptide R9-LK15 and miR-29b and investigated their effects on osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). R9-LK15/miR-29b nanocomplexes were prepared and characterized. The transfection efficiency, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation were investigated. The results showed that R9-LK15 maintained the stability of miR-29b in serum for up to 24 h. Moreover, R9-LK15 efficiently delivered miR-29b into BMSCs; the transfection efficiency was ~10-fold higher than that achieved using Lipofectamine 2000. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay showed that R9-LK15 and R9-LK15/miR-29b nanocomplexes had negligible cytotoxic effects on BMSCs. Delivery of R9-LK15/miR-29b nanocomplexes promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and extracellular matrix mineralization by upregulating alkaline phosphatase expression and downregulating histone deacetylase-4 expression. In general, we developed a novel miRNA delivery system that has a high transfection efficiency and promotes osteogenic differentiation.
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