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Craciunescu O, Seciu-Grama AM, Mihai E, Utoiu E, Negreanu-Pirjol T, Lupu CE, Artem V, Ranca A, Negreanu-Pirjol BS. The Chemical Profile, Antioxidant, and Anti-Lipid Droplet Activity of Fluid Extracts from Romanian Cultivars of Haskap Berries, Bitter Cherries, and Red Grape Pomace for the Management of Liver Steatosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16849. [PMID: 38069172 PMCID: PMC10706173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of fluid extracts obtained from three Romanian cultivars of haskap berries (Lonicera caerulea L.) var. Loni, bitter cherries (Prunus avium var. sylvestris Ser.) var. Silva, and pomace from red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) var. Mamaia, and their capacity to modulate in vitro steatosis, in view of developing novel anti-obesity products. Total phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid content of fluid extracts was spectrophotometrically assessed and their free radical scavenging capacity was evaluated using Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition assays. The Pearson coefficients showed a moderate correlation between the antioxidant activity of fluid extracts and their phenolic content, but a strong correlation between anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content. HPLC analysis identified and quantified the main phenolic compounds of chlorogenic and syringic acid, catechin, and glycosylated kaempferol, apigenin, and quercetin, in variable proportions. An in vitro experimental model of steatosis was developed in HepG2 hepatocytes treated with a mixture of free fatty acids. Cell culture analyses showed that cytocompatible concentrations of fluid extracts could significantly reduce the lipid accumulation and inhibit the reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide secretion in stressed hepatocytes. In conclusion, these results put an emphasis on the chemical compounds' high antioxidant and liver protection capacity of unstudied fluid extracts obtained from Romanian cultivars of bitter cherries var. Silva and pomace of red grapes var. Mamaia, similar to the fluid extract of haskap berries var. Loni, in particular, the positive modulation of fat deposition next to oxidative stress and the lipid peroxidation process triggered by fatty acids in HepG2 hepatocytes. Consequently, this study indicated that these fluid extracts could be further exploited as hepatoprotective agents in liver steatosis, which provides a basis for the further development of novel extract mixtures with synergistic activity as anti-obesity products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Craciunescu
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.S.-G.); (E.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Ana-Maria Seciu-Grama
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.S.-G.); (E.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Elena Mihai
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.S.-G.); (E.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Elena Utoiu
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.S.-G.); (E.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Ticuta Negreanu-Pirjol
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ovidius of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (C.E.L.); (B.-S.N.-P.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street, No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Lupu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ovidius of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (C.E.L.); (B.-S.N.-P.)
| | - Victoria Artem
- Research-Development Station for Viticulture and Winemaking of Murfatlar, 905100 Murfatlar, Romania; (V.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Aurora Ranca
- Research-Development Station for Viticulture and Winemaking of Murfatlar, 905100 Murfatlar, Romania; (V.A.); (A.R.)
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Lee YG, Woo H, Choi C, Ryoo GH, Chung YJ, Lee JH, Jung SJ, Chae SW, Bae EJ, Park BH. Supplementation with Vitis vinifera Jingzaojing Leaf and Shoot Extract Improves Exercise Endurance in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194033. [PMID: 36235689 PMCID: PMC9573418 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Switching myofibers from the fast-glycolytic type to the slow-oxidative type is associated with an alleviation of the symptoms associated with various cardiometabolic diseases. This study investigates the effect of Vitis vinifera Jingzaojing leaf and shoot extract (JLSE), which is rich in phenolic compounds, on the regulation of skeletal muscle fiber-type switching, as well as the associated underlying mechanism. Male C57BL/6N mice were supplemented orally with vehicle or JLSE (300 mg/kg) and subjected to treadmill exercise training. After four weeks, mice in the JLSE-supplemented group showed significantly improved exercise endurance and mitochondrial oxidative capacity. JLSE supplementation increased the expression of sirtuin 6 and decreased Sox6 expression, thereby elevating the number of mitochondria and encouraging fast-to-slow myofiber switching. The results of our experiments suggest that JLSE supplementation reprograms myofiber composition to favor the slow oxidative type, ultimately enhancing exercise endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gyun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hayoung Woo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Chul Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Ga-Hee Ryoo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Yun-Jo Chung
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.B.); (B.-H.P.)
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.B.); (B.-H.P.)
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Prom-in S, Kaewsrichan J, Wangpradit N, Kien Hui C, Yahaya MF, Kamisah Y, Kumar J. Abelmoschus Esculentus (L.) Moench's Peel Powder Improves High-Fat-Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment in C57BL/6J Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5513. [PMID: 32751614 PMCID: PMC7432850 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Okra peel exhibits numerous therapeutic effects. This study explores the potential ameliorative effects of okra peel powder on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced hypercholesterolemia and cognitive deficits. Thirty-six C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6 per group): (i) control, mice fed with a normal diet; (ii) HFD, mice fed with HFD; (iii) HFD-SIM, mice fed with HFD and given simvastatin (20 mg/kg/day); (iv) HFD-OP1; (v) HFD-OP2; (vi) HFD-OP3, mice fed with HFD and okra peel (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg/day, respectively). Following 10 weeks of treatments, the mice were subjected to the Morris water maze (MWM). Parameters such as weekly average body weight, food intake, and blood lipid profiles were also recorded. The HFD group showed a profound increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein concentration compared to the control group. All okra-treated and HFD-SIM groups performed better than the HFD group during acquisition trials, whereas only the HFD-OP1 produced a significantly higher number of entries into the platform zone during the probe trial. In sum, all three okra doses improved the learning ability of the mice. However, only the lowest dose of okra significantly improved the spatial reference memory retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supattra Prom-in
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.P.-i.); (J.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Jasadee Kaewsrichan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.P.-i.); (J.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Nuntika Wangpradit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (S.P.-i.); (J.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Chua Kien Hui
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Yusof Kamisah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Zhu J, Du C. Could grape-based food supplements prevent the development of chronic kidney disease? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3054-3062. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1676195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixiao Zhu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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