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Du W, Yang Y, Liu J, Zhu Y, Shen T, Chen Q, Miyazaki T. In Situ Synthesis and Characterizations of a Strontium-Substituted Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous/Hydroxyapatite Biphasic Whisker and Its Properties Evaluation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 39373322 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) presents good biomineralization ability, the strontium element is known for superior bone affinity, and a whisker possesses good mechanical strength; all these are beneficial for improving the drawbacks of hydroxyapatite (HAP) like weaker mechanical properties, poor biomineralization, and slower degradation/absorption. Therefore, a homogeneous precipitation was adopted to synthesize Sr-substituted and DCPA and HAP coexisting whiskers. The composition, structure, and morphology based on urea dosage and substitution content were characterized, and the roles of DCPA, Sr, and whisker shape were investigated. It turned out that Sr-DCPA/HAP biphasic products contained about 19% DCPA and 81% HAP, and both phases occupied the outer and inner parts of the whisker, respectively. Increasing the urea dosage made the morphology transform from a sea urchin shape to fiber clusters and then whiskers, while Sr substitution brought the whisker back to the porous microsphere shape. Only 5% of Sr content and 15 g of urea could maintain the whisker shape. Sr could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells even at a higher extract concentration of 10 mg/mL. The cells stayed in a healthy state whether cocultured with the whisker or the microsphere. The unstable DCPA combined with the decreased crystallinity brought by Sr doping contributed to shortening the apatite deposition period to within 7 days. The whisker morphology enhanced the compressive strength of acrylic resin, and the apatite layer helped to reduce the strength loss during soaking. The Sr-DCPA/HAP biphasic whisker with enhanced overall properties possessed more promising potential for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Du
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yunping Yang
- Spine Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Jinkun Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Toshiki Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
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2
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Gao Y, Huang A, Zhao Y, Du Y. PMAIP1 regulates autophagy in osteoblasts via the AMPK/mTOR pathway in osteoporosis. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1024-1038. [PMID: 38691334 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by low bone mass that severely reduces patient quality of life. Although numerous treatments for OP have been introduced in clinic, many have side effects and high costs. Therefore, there is still an unmet need for optimal solutions. Here, raw signal analysis was used to identify potential high-risk factors for OP, and the biological functions and possible mechanisms of action (MOAs) of these factors were explored via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Subsequently, molecular biological experiments were performed to verify and analyze the discovered risk factors in vitro and in vivo. PMAIP1 was identified as a potential risk factor for OP and significantly suppressed autophagy in osteoblasts via the AMPK/mTOR pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, we constructed an ovariectomy (OVX) model of OP in rats and simultaneously applied si-PMAIP1 for in vivo interference. si-PMAIP1 upregulated the expression of LC3B and p-AMPK and downregulated the expression of p-mTOR, and these effects were reversed by the autophagy inhibitor. Micro-CT revealed that, si-PMAIP1 significantly inhibited the development of osteoporosis in OVX model rats, and this therapeutic effect was attenuated by treatment with an autophagy inhibitor. This study explored the role and mechanism of PMAIP1 in OP and demonstrated that PMAIP1 may serve as a novel target for OP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Anquan Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantao Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunxia Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Tan P, Wang Y, Mei L, Loor JJ, Zhao C, Kong Y, Zeng F, Zhao B, Wang J. Effect of strontium on transcription factors identified by transcriptome analyses of bovine ruminal epithelial cells. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:88. [PMID: 38459489 PMCID: PMC10921748 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strontium (Sr) has similar physicochemical properties as calcium (Ca) and is often used to evaluate the absorption of this mineral. Because the major route of Ca absorption in the bovine occurs in the rumen, it is essential to understand whether Sr impacts the ruminal epithelial cells and to what extent. RESULTS In the present study, RNA sequencing and assembled transcriptome assembly were used to identify transcription factors (TFs), screening and bioinformatics analysis in bovine ruminal epithelial cells treated with Sr. A total of 1405 TFs were identified and classified into 64 families based on an alignment of conserved domains. A total of 174 differently expressed TFs (DE-TFs) were increased and 52 DE-TFs were decreased; the biological process-epithelial cell differentiation was inhibited according to the GSEA-GO analysis of TFs; The GO analysis of DE-TFs was enriched in the DNA binding. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) found 12 hubs, including SMAD4, SMAD2, SMAD3, SP1, GATA2, NR3C1, PPARG, FOXO1, MEF2A, NCOA2, LEF1, and ETS1, which verified genes expression levels by real-time PCR. CONCLUSIONS In this study, SMAD2, PPARG, LEF1, ETS1, GATA2, MEF2A, and NCOA2 are potential candidates that could be targeted by Sr to mediate cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as lipid metabolism. Hence, these results enhance the comprehension of Sr in the regulation of transcription factors and provide new insight into the study of Sr biological function in ruminant animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linshan Mei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yezi Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangyuan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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4
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Stipniece L, Ramata-Stunda A, Vecstaudza J, Kreicberga I, Livkisa D, Rubina A, Sceglovs A, Salma-Ancane K. A Comparative Study on Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Biocompatibility of Sr-Substituted and Sr Ranelate-Loaded Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5264-5281. [PMID: 38039078 PMCID: PMC10731655 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) possess compositional and structural similarities to those of bone minerals and play a key role in bone regenerative medicine. Functionalization of calcium phosphate biomaterials with Sr, i.e., bone extracellular matrix trace element, has been proven to be an effective biomaterial-based strategy for promoting osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Functionalizing nHAp with Sr2+ ions or strontium ranelate (SrRAN) can provide favorable bone tissue regeneration by locally delivering bioactive molecules to the bone defect microenvironment. Moreover, administering an antiosteoporotic drug, SrRAN, directly into site-specific bone defects could significantly reduce the necessary drug dosage and the risk of possible side effects. Our study evaluated the impact of the Sr source (Sr2+ ions and SrRAN) used to functionalize nHAp by wet precipitation on its in vitro cellular activities. The systematic comparison of physicochemical properties, in vitro Sr2+ and Ca2+ ion release, and their effect on in vitro cellular activities of the developed Sr-functionalized nHAp was performed. The ion release tests in TRIS-HCl demonstrated a 21-day slow and continuous release of the Sr2+ and Ca2+ ions from both Sr-substituted nHAp and SrRAN-loaded HAp. Also, SrRAN and Sr2+ ion release kinetics were evaluated in DMEM to understand their correlation with in vitro cellular effects in the same time frame. Relatively low concentration (up to 2 wt %) of Sr in the nHAp led to an increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity in preosteoblasts and expression of collagen I and osteocalcin in osteoblasts, demonstrating their ability to boost bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liga Stipniece
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Anna Ramata-Stunda
- Department
of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Jana Vecstaudza
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Inta Kreicberga
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Dora Livkisa
- Department
of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Anna Rubina
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Artemijs Sceglovs
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Kristine Salma-Ancane
- Rudolfs
Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU,
Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science
and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3/3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Baltic
Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters
at Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
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5
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Wei J, Lin Z, Dai Z, Zhou Z, Bi Y, Zheng R, Hu X, Xu Z, Yuan G, Wang W. Brevilin A inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:420-430. [PMID: 37460875 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Brevilin A (BA) is the primary component of Centipeda minima, which is widely used in Chinese traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties of BA have been established; however, its function in bone metabolism is not well understood. This study revealed that concentrations of BA below 1.0 µM did not inhibit the proliferation of bone marrow macrophages but did impede the differentiation and bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. Furthermore, BA suppressed the expression of osteoclast-specific genes Mmp9, Acp5, Dc-stamp, Ctsk, and Atp6v0d2. In addition, mTOR, ERK, and NFATc1 activation in bone marrow macrophages were suppressed by BA. As a whole, BA blocks the mTOR and ERK signaling pathways, which is responsible for the development and activity of osteoclasts, and the resorption of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihong Lin
- Department of Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeyu Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zibin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghao Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiwu Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghua Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoxin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guixin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Sheng X, Li C, Wang Z, Xu Y, Sun Y, Zhang W, Liu H, Wang J. Advanced applications of strontium-containing biomaterials in bone tissue engineering. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100636. [PMID: 37441138 PMCID: PMC10333686 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) and strontium ranelate (SR) are commonly used therapeutic drugs for patients suffering from osteoporosis. Researches have showed that Sr can significantly improve the biological activity and physicochemical properties of materials in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, a large number of strontium containing biomaterials have been developed for repairing bone defects and promoting osseointegration. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of Sr-containing biomaterials along with the current state of their clinical use. For this purpose, the different types of biomaterials including calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, and polymers are discussed and provided future outlook on the fabrication of the next-generation multifunctional and smart biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhonghan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
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7
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Yuping Q, Yijun L, Limei W. Low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promote human periodontal ligament stem cells osteogenic differentiation by activation of autophagy via inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3329-3339. [PMID: 36725746 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is one of the crucial inflammatory factors in alveolar bone metabolism during the process of periodontitis. Autophagy is indispensable for proper osteoblast function. However, the effects of autophagy on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in inflammatory microenvironment and the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether autophagy participates in hPDLSCs differentiation after treated with TNF-α and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Characterizations of hPDLSCs were evaluated by Alizarin-red S staining, Oil red staining and flow cytometry. hPDLSCs were treated with various concentrations of TNF-α. Rapamycin or 3MA was used to achieve or inhibit autophagy activation. AKT signaling was inhibited using ARQ092. Cell proliferation was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR), western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red S staining were applied to evaluate levels of osteogenic differentiation and autophagy. CCK8 showed that low concentrations of TNF-α had no influence on cell proliferation, while high concentrations of TNF-α inhibited proliferation. Low concentrations of TNF-α promoted osteogenic differentiation and autophagy, while high concentrations of TNF-α inhibited osteogenic differentiation and autophagy in hPDLSCs. The levels of osteogenic differentiation in hPDLSCs were partly effected after co-incubation with 0.1 ng/mL TNF-α with 3MA or Rapamycin. ARQ092 enhanced 0.1 ng/mL TNF-α-induced ALP expression and mineral nodule formation. CONCLUSION Low concentrations of TNF-α promote hPDLSCs osteogenic differentiation by activation of autophagy via inhibition of AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yuping
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107, 250012, Jinan, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Luan Yijun
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107, 250012, Jinan, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wang Limei
- Department of Oral Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107, 250012, Jinan, China.
- Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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8
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Strontium ion attenuates osteoarthritis through inhibiting senescence and enhancing autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1437-1446. [PMID: 36472726 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) mainly occurs in the elderly population and seriously affects their quality of life (QOL). Strontium (Sr) ions have shown positive effects on bone tissue and are promising for OA treatment. However, the adequate treatment dosage and underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of different concentrations of Sr ions in a mouse model of OA induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. DMM-induced OA mice received intra-articular injections of different concentrations of Sr ions, and a suitable concentration of Sr ions was found to improve OA. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism by which Sr ions mediate senescence and autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in the synovial tissues of DMM-induced OA mice. OA mice treated with 10 µl of 5 mmol/L SrCl2 showed the greatest improvement in pain-related behavior and cartilage damage. In addition, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that Sr ions inhibit senescence and improve the autophagic function of FLSs. We also found that enhancement of the autophagic function of FLSs could effectively slow down senescence. Therefore, we show that Sr ions through the AMPK/mTOR/LC3B-II signal axis improve FLSs autophagy function and delay FLSs senescence, and furthermore, improve OA. These results suggest that senescence and autophagy function of FLSs may serve as promising targets for OA treatment, and that Sr ions may inhibit OA progression through these two targets.
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9
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Wang G, Luo J, Qiao Y, Zhang D, Liu Y, Zhang W, Liu X, Jiang X. AMPK/mTOR Pathway Is Involved in Autophagy Induced by Magnesium-Incorporated TiO 2 Surface to Promote BMSC Osteogenic Differentiation. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040221. [PMID: 36412862 PMCID: PMC9680369 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium has been extensively utilized to modify titanium implant surfaces based on its important function in promoting osteogenic differentiation. Autophagy has been proven to play a vital role in bone metabolism. Whether there is an association between autophagy and magnesium in promoting osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. In the present study, we focused on investigating the role of magnesium ions in early osteogenic activity and the underlying mechanism related to autophagy. Different concentrations of magnesium were embedded in micro-structured titanium surface layers using the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique. The incorporation of magnesium benefited cell adhesion, spreading, and viability; attenuated intracellular ATP concentrations and p-mTOR levels; and upregulated p-AMPK levels. This indicates the vital role of the ATP-related AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in the autophagy process associated with osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by magnesium modification on titanium surfaces. The enhanced osteogenic differentiation and improved cellular autophagy activity of BMSCs in their extraction medium further confirmed the function of magnesium ions. The results of the present study advance our understanding of the mechanism by which magnesium regulates BMSC osteogenic differentiation through autophagy regulation. Moreover, endowing implants with the ability to activate autophagy may be a promising strategy for enhancing osseointegration in the translational medicine field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiaxin Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuqin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (X.J.)
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (X.J.)
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10
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Jiang C, Wang Y, Zhang M, Xu J. Cholesterol inhibits autophagy in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9217-9229. [PMID: 35881223 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07747-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dysregulated balance between bone formation and bone resorption controlled by osteoblast and osteoclast will lead to osteoporosis. Cholesterol (CHO) is a crucial factor leading to osteoporosis, and autophagy appears to involve it. Therefore, we aimed to study the molecular mechanism of autophagy in CHO-induced osteoclasts differentiation. METHODS Nuclear factor-κ B ligand as a receptor activator was used to induce osteoclasts differentiation of murine macrophage RAW264.7 treated with CHO, PI3-kinase inhibitor (LY294002), and Rapamycin (RAPA), respectively. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of TRAP/ACP5 and the proteins involved in autophagy and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, TRAP staining, bone resorption assay, and F-actin immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate the ability of osteoclast formation. Transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence were also executed to observed the expression of LC3B, and autophagosome. RESULTS When RAW264.7 was treated with 20 μg/mL CHO for 5 consecutive days, It exhibited the optimal osteoclast activity. In addition, CHO could inhibit autophagy and activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, the effects of CHO on osteoclast differentiation and autophagy could partially be reversed by LY294002 and RAPA. CONCLUSION Therefore, our results demonstrated that CHO could inhibit autophagy during osteoclast differentiation by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings provided important theoretical basis for CHO in bone resorption and formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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11
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Liu W, Li G, Li J, Chen W. Long noncoding RNA TRG-AS1 protects against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in a rat model by regulating miR-802-mediated CAB39/AMPK/SIRT-1/NF-κB axis. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1424-1439. [PMID: 35794445 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The long-term treatment of glucocorticoids is a common cause of osteoporosis (OP). This study concentrated on inquiring into the regulatory role and potential mechanisms of TRG-AS1 on dexamethasone (Dex)-induced OP in rats. We adopted Dex to treat rat osteoblasts and rats to simulate in-vitro and in-vivo OP models, respectively. Gain-of-function assays of TRG-AS1, miR-802 and CAB39 were constructed in rat osteoblasts to make certain the influence of TRG-AS1, miR-802 and CAB39 on differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of rat osteoblasts. TRG-AS1 and CAB39 were down-regulated in the Dex-induced OP model in rats, in contrast to miR-802. Overexpression of TRG-AS1 restrained Dex-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation, promoted CAB39/AMPK/SIRT-1 and inhibited NF-κB, while overexpression of miR-802 bridled the inhibitory effect of TRG-AS1 on OP. miR-802 was targeted by TRG-AS1, and inhibited CAB39. Inhibition of either AMPK or SIRT-1 abated the osteogenic differentiation-promoting effect of CAB39. Animal experiments displayed that overexpressing TRG-AS1 alleviated Dex-induced OP in rats. In conclusion, up-regulation of TRG-AS1 protected against glucocorticoid-induced OP in rats by modulating the miR-802-mediated CAB39/AMPK/SIRT-1/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Guojuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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12
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Tao ZS, Li TL, Wei S. Probucol promotes osteoblasts differentiation and prevents osteoporosis development through reducing oxidative stress. Mol Med 2022; 28:75. [PMID: 35764958 PMCID: PMC9238135 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probucol (PBC) is a potent cholesterol-lowering drug and has been studied extensively for its powerful antioxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of PBC in ovariectomized rat model and to explore the mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of MC3TE-E1 Cells. RT-qPCR and Immunofluorescence were used to measure the expression level of SOD2, SIRT1, intracellular oxidative stress levels and osteogenic markers proteins. Moreover, CCK-8 assay was conducted to detect cell viability. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were applied to examine osteogenic function and calcium deposits. The ovariectomized rat model was set up successfully and HE staining were employed to examine femoral trabeculae tissue. Our results showed that PBC suppressed MC3TE-E1 resist oxidative stress to promote osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, it was confirmed that PBC promoted osteogenic differentiation of MC3TE-E1 through inhibiting oxidative stress. Further study indicated that PBC exerted its beneficial function by suppressing oxidative stress-mediated alter bone metabolism to alleviate osteoporosis in vivo. Our research suggested that the PBC-modulated oxidative stress inhibition is responsible for activation of the process of osteogenic differentiation, providing a novel insight into the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tian-Lin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China.,Additive Manufacturing Institute of Anhui Polytechnic University, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang B, Khan S, Wang P, Wang X, Liu Y, Chen J, Tu X. A Highly Selective GSK-3β Inhibitor CHIR99021 Promotes Osteogenesis by Activating Canonical and Autophagy-Mediated Wnt Signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:926622. [PMID: 35923616 PMCID: PMC9339598 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.926622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery and application of small molecules is one of the practical strategies of safe osteogenic drugs. The small molecule CHIR99021 (C91) is a highly specific, safe, and most effective GSK-3β Inhibitor. This study found that it efficiently activates the canonical Wnt signaling of bone marrow stromal cell ST2 and promotes osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. C91 increases the production and biochemical activity of osteoblast marker alkaline phosphatase, the expression of osteoblast marker genes Alpl, Bglap, Runx2, and Sp7, and the formation of bone nodules. Triptonide is a transcription inhibitor of Wnt target gene, which diminishes C91-induced osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, C91 also induces autophagy through autophagosome formation and conversion of autophagy biomarker LC-3I into LC-3II. Autophagy inhibitor 3MA partially reduces C91-induced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization; autophagy inducer Rapamycin increases the expression of β-catenin to promote osteogenic differentiation, but cannot alleviate the inhibition of Triptonide on C91-induced osteogenic differentiation, indicating the crosstalk of canonical Wnt signaling and autophagy regulates C91-induced osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, in order to simulate the in vivo detection of C91 in osteogenesis process, we made a C91 slow-release hydrogel with our newly established polycaprolactone and cell-integrated 3D printing system (PCCI3D module). The sustained release C91 promotes the differentiation and mineralization of ST2 cells. C91 can also enhance the proliferative activity of ST2 cells. The release rate of C91 from hydrogel gradually decreases within 7 days. During this period, the C91 is released by 83.0% and the cell viability maintained at 96.4%. Therefore, the small molecule Wnt agonist C91 promotes osteogenesis through caonical and autophagy-mediated Wnt signaling pathway with an option for translational application.
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14
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Wang Q, Xie X, Zhang D, Mao F, Wang S, Liao Y. Saxagliptin enhances osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells, dependent on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα)/runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2). Bioengineered 2022; 13:431-439. [PMID: 35258398 PMCID: PMC8805826 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2008667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease commonly observed in the elderly, and its pathogenesis is associated with declined osteogenic differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation could be facilitated by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Saxagliptin, an anti-diabetic agent with inhibitory effects against dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), has been recently reported to induce the activation of the AMPK pathway. The present study proposes to explore the function and mechanism of Saxagliptin in osteogenic differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation induction medium (ODIM) was utilized to induce osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Significantly increased mineral nodule formation, elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and upregulated expression of osteogenic marker genes activating transcription factor-4 (ATF-4), osteopontin (OPN), and type I collagen (Col1) were observed in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells, all of which were further enhanced by the introduction of Saxagliptin. The elevated expression level of runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2), an important transcriptional factor involved in the progression of osteogenic differentiation, in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells was further promoted by Saxagliptin. The AMPK pathway in ODIM-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly activated by Saxagliptin, and the functions of Saxagliptin in promoting osteogenic differentiation were abolished by compound C, the inhibitor of the AMPK pathway. Conclusively, Saxagliptin enhanced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells, dependent on the activation of AMPKα/RUNX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 5th People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, Karamay, Xinjiang, China
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15
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The role of autophagy in the process of osseointegration around titanium implants with micro-nano topography promoted by osteoimmunity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18418. [PMID: 34531513 PMCID: PMC8446058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoimmunity plays an important role in the process of implant osseointegration. Autophagy is a conservative metabolic pathway of eukaryotic cells, but whether the interaction between autophagy and osteoimmunity plays a key role in osseointegration remains unclear. In this study, we prepared smooth titanium disks and micro-nano topography titanium disks, to study the immune microenvironment of RAW264.7 cells, and prepared the conditioned medium to study the effect of immune microenvironment on the osteogenesis and autophagy of MC3T3-E1 cells. Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was used to inhibit autophagy to observe the change of expression of osteogenic markers. The results showed that the micro-nano topography titanium disks could stimulate RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into M2 type, forming an anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment; compared with the control group, the anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts better. The anti-inflammatory immune environment activated the autophagy level of osteoblasts, while the expression of osteogenic markers was down-regulated after inhibition of autophagy. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory immune microenvironment can promote cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, autophagy plays an important role in this process. This study further explains the mechanism of implant osseointegration in osteoimmune microenvironment, and provides reference for improving implant osseointegration.
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16
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Ishigure H, Kawaki H, Shintani K, Ueno K, Mizuno-Kamiya M, Takayama E, Hotta M, Kondoh N, Nikaido T. Effects of multi-components released from S-PRG filler on the activities of human dental pulp-derived stem cells. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1329-1337. [PMID: 34234045 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the sustained release of ions from dental restorative materials have acid buffering capacity, prevents tooth enamel demineralization, and inhibits bacterial adhesion. Herein, the release behavior and bioresponsiveness of ions released from surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) fillers were investigated in different types of media based on human dental pulp-derived stem cell (hDPSC) responses. The hDPSCs were cultured for 1-7 days in S-PRG eluates diluted with varying amounts of cell culture media. S-PRG released several types of ions, such as F-, Sr2+, Na+, Al3+, BO33-, and SiO32-. The balance of eluted ions differed depending on the dilution and solvent, which in turn affected the cytotoxicity, cell morphology, cell proliferation, and alkane phosphatase activity of hDPSCs, among other properties. The results suggest that tailored S-PRG filler eluates could be designed and prepared for application in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishigure
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Harumi Kawaki
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function, and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Kohei Shintani
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Kyohei Ueno
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function, and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Management and Information studies, Asahi University School of Business Administration
| | - Eiji Takayama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function, and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function, and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Toru Nikaido
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, Asahi University School of Dentistry
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17
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Dong Y, Suryani L, Zhou X, Muthukumaran P, Rakshit M, Yang F, Wen F, Hassanbhai AM, Parida K, Simon DT, Iandolo D, Lee PS, Ng KW, Teoh SH. Synergistic Effect of PVDF-Coated PCL-TCP Scaffolds and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Osteogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6438. [PMID: 34208563 PMCID: PMC8234164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone exhibits piezoelectric properties. Thus, electrical stimulations such as pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and stimuli-responsive piezoelectric properties of scaffolds have been investigated separately to evaluate their efficacy in supporting osteogenesis. However, current understanding of cells responding under the combined influence of PEMF and piezoelectric properties in scaffolds is still lacking. Therefore, in this study, we fabricated piezoelectric scaffolds by functionalization of polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) films with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating that is self-polarized by a modified breath-figure technique. The osteoinductive properties of these PVDF-coated PCL-TCP films on MC3T3-E1 cells were studied under the stimulation of PEMF. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric characterization demonstrated that scaffolds with piezoelectric coefficient d33 = -1.2 pC/N were obtained at a powder dissolution temperature of 100 °C and coating relative humidity (RH) of 56%. DNA quantification showed that cell proliferation was significantly enhanced by PEMF as low as 0.6 mT and 50 Hz. Hydroxyapatite staining showed that cell mineralization was significantly enhanced by incorporation of PVDF coating. Gene expression study showed that the combination of PEMF and PVDF coating promoted late osteogenic gene expression marker most significantly. Collectively, our results suggest that the synergistic effects of PEMF and piezoelectric scaffolds on osteogenesis provide a promising alternative strategy for electrically augmented osteoinduction. The piezoelectric response of PVDF by PEMF, which could provide mechanical strain, is particularly interesting as it could deliver local mechanical stimulation to osteogenic cells using PEMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Luvita Suryani
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Padmalosini Muthukumaran
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Moumita Rakshit
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Fengrui Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Feng Wen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Ammar Mansoor Hassanbhai
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Kaushik Parida
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Daniel T. Simon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden; (D.T.S.); (D.I.)
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden; (D.T.S.); (D.I.)
- Mines-Saint-Étienne, Campus Santé Innovations, 10 rue de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (Y.D.); (X.Z.); (M.R.); (K.P.); (P.S.L.)
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Swee Hin Teoh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; (L.S.); (P.M.); (F.Y.); (F.W.); (A.M.H.)
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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18
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Bosch-Rué E, Diez-Tercero L, Giordano-Kelhoffer B, Delgado LM, Bosch BM, Hoyos-Nogués M, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Tran PA, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Biological Roles and Delivery Strategies for Ions to Promote Osteogenic Induction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:614545. [PMID: 33520992 PMCID: PMC7841204 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.614545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the most studied tissue in the field of tissue regeneration. Even though it has intrinsic capability to regenerate upon injury, several pathologies and injuries could hamper the highly orchestrated bone formation and resorption process. Bone tissue engineering seeks to mimic the extracellular matrix of the tissue and the different biochemical pathways that lead to successful regeneration. For many years, the use of extrinsic factors (i.e., growth factors and drugs) to modulate these biological processes have been the preferred choice in the field. Even though it has been successful in some instances, this approach presents several drawbacks, such as safety-concerns, short release profile and half-time life of the compounds. On the other hand, the use of inorganic ions has attracted significant attention due to their therapeutic effects, stability and lower biological risks. Biomaterials play a key role in such strategies where they serve as a substrate for the incorporation and release of the ions. In this review, the methodologies used to incorporate ions in biomaterials is presented, highlighting the osteogenic properties of such ions and the roles of biomaterials in controlling their release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bosch-Rué
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Diez-Tercero
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luis M. Delgado
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Begoña M. Bosch
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Hoyos-Nogués
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Phong A. Tran
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Interface Science and Materials Engineering Group, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Francisco Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman A. Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Long C, Cen S, Zhong Z, Zhou C, Zhong G. FOXO3 is targeted by miR-223-3p and promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing autophagy. Hum Cell 2020; 34:14-27. [PMID: 32920731 PMCID: PMC7788031 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising regenerative medicine. The roles of miRNAs in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) remained less reported. Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in the BM-MSCs were measured on 3, 7, and 14 days after osteogenic differentiation. After transfection of FOXO3 overexpression plasmids or siFOXO3 into BM-MSCs, factors related to osteogenic differentiation or cell autophagy were determined. Besides, 3-methyladenine or rapamycin, as well as miR-223-3p mimic or inhibitor were applied to further determine the effect of FOXO3 in BM-MSCs. FOXO3 and ALP levels were increased in a time-dependent manner with osteogenic differentiation, supported by Alizarin Red Staining. Furthermore, up-regulated FOXO3 increased levels of ALP and factors related to osteogenic differentiation by increasing levels of autophagy-related factors. FOXO3, targeted by miR-223-3p, reversed the effects of miR-223-3p on factors related to BM-MSC autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. Down-regulated miR-223-3p expression promoted osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs by enhancing autophagy via targeting FOXO3, suggesting the potential of miR-223-3p as a therapeutic target for enhancing bone functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Long
- Department of Orthopedic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqiang Cen
- Department of Orthopedic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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20
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Tan Q, Wu JY, Liu YX, Liu K, Tang J, Ye WH, Zhu GH, Mei HB, Yang G. The neurofibromatosis type I gene promotes autophagy via mTORC1 signalling pathway to enhance new bone formation after fracture. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11524-11534. [PMID: 32862562 PMCID: PMC7576311 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone fracture is one of the most common injuries. Despite the high regenerative capacity of bones, failure of healing still occurs to near 10% of the patients. Herein, we aim to investigate the modulatory role of neurofibromatosis type I gene (NF1) to osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and new bone formation after fracture in a rat model. We studied the NF1 gene expression in normal and non‐union bone fracture models. Then, we evaluated how NF1 overexpression modulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, autophagy activity, mTORC1 signalling and osteoclastic bone resorption by qRT‐PCR, Western blot and immunostaining assays. Finally, we injected lentivirus‐NF1 (Lv‐NF1) to rat non‐union bone fracture model and analysed the bone formation process. The NF1 gene expression was significantly down‐regulated in non‐union bone fracture group, indicating NF1 is critical in bone healing process. In the NF1 overexpressing BMSCs, autophagy activity and osteogenic differentiation were significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, the NF1 overexpression inhibited mTORC1 signalling and osteoclastic bone resorption. In rat non‐union bone fracture model, the NF1 overexpression significantly promoted bone formation during fracture healing. In summary, we proved the NF1 gene is critical in non‐union bone healing, and NF1 overexpression promoted new bone formation after fracture by enhancing autophagy and inhibiting mTORC1 signalling. Our results may provide a novel therapeutic clue of promoting bone fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang-Yan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yao-Xi Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Hua Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Bo Mei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
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Bu H, Liu D, Zhang G, Chen L, Song Z. AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Axis-Mediated Pathway Participates in Apoptosis and Autophagy Induction by Oridonin in Colon Cancer DLD-1 Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8533-8545. [PMID: 32904616 PMCID: PMC7457577 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s262022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oridonin has been demonstrated to exert strong antitumor activities in various types of human cancers. Our previous study established that oridonin induced the apoptosis of and exerted an inhibitory effect on colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanisms behind the antitumor effects of oridonin on colorectal cancer are not clearly known. This study explored whether autophagy was involved in antitumorigenesis effects caused by the usage of oridonin in colon cancer and examined whether the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway was involved in this process. METHODS Cell viability was determined using CCK-8 assay. The distribution of cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were conducted to identify the key target genes and proteins involved in the AMPK/mTOR cascade. AMPK siRNA was used to disturb AMPK expression. A DLD-1 cell orthotopic transplantation tumor model was established to explore the anti-cancer effects in vivo. RESULTS Oridonin exhibited a suppressive effect on DLD-1 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, in a dose-dependent manner, oridonin induced cell apoptosis via inducing the protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and stimulated autophagy by increasing protein expression levels of Becin1, LC3-II, decreasing protein expression levels of LC3-I, p62, which were respectively attenuated and elevated by autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Furthermore, oridonin upregulated the expression level of p-AMPK and downregulated the expression levels of p-mTOR, p-ULK1 in the DLD-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, knockdown of AMPK by a specific siRNA reversed the expression levels of proteins involved in the AMPK/mTOR pathway, autophagy and apoptosis. In addition, outcomes from the in vivo experiments also showed that oridonin treatment significantly repressed tumorigenic growth of DLD-1 cells without any side effects, which was accompanied by the upregulation of p-AMPK, LC3-II, active caspase-3 protein expression levels and the downregulation of p-mTOR and p-ULK1 protein expression levels. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that oridonin induced apoptosis and autophagy of colon cancer DLD-1 cells via regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, which indicated that oridonin may be used as a novel therapeutic intervention for patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqi Bu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310016, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Coloproctology Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dianlei Liu
- Department of Surgery, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangfa Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310016, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Biological Factors, Metals, and Biomaterials Regulating Osteogenesis through Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082789. [PMID: 32316424 PMCID: PMC7215394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss raises great concern in numerous situations, such as ageing and many diseases and in both orthopedic and dentistry fields of application, with an extensive impact on health care. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and the determinants that can regulate osteogenesis and ensure bone balance. Autophagy is a well conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, which is known to be highly active during differentiation and development. This review provides a revision of the literature on all the exogen factors that can modulate osteogenesis through autophagy regulation. Metal ion exposition, mechanical stimuli, and biological factors, including hormones, nutrients, and metabolic conditions, were taken into consideration for their ability to tune osteogenic differentiation through autophagy. In addition, an exhaustive overview of biomaterials, both for orthopedic and dentistry applications, enhancing osteogenesis by modulation of the autophagic process is provided as well. Already investigated conditions regulating bone regeneration via autophagy need to be better understood for finely tailoring innovative therapeutic treatments and designing novel biomaterials.
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Du J, Lu Y, Song M, Yang L, Liu J, Chen X, Ma Y, Wang Y. Effects of ERK/p38 MAPKs signaling pathways on MTA-mediated osteo/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla: a vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:50. [PMID: 32050954 PMCID: PMC7017546 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) located in the root apex of immature permanent teeth are a reliable cell source for pulp-dentine complex regeneration. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a biocompatible material which has been widely used in endodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to elucidate the regulatory role of MTA in the proliferation and differentiation of SCAP. METHODS Cell viability was detected by Cell counting kit-8. Characteristics of SCAP were confirmed by Flow cytometric (FCM) analysis and alizarin red staining. Then, MTA-mediated osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP was investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effect of MAPKs on MTA-mediated osteo/odontogenic differentiation was evaluated by western blot analysis. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cell viability between the control group and the group with lower concentrations of MTA. However, higher concentrations of MTA could inhibit proliferation of SCAP. It is demonstrated that the ALP activity were enhanced, the mRNA and protein expression of BSP, OCN, DSPP, Runx2 were up-regulated. In addition, phosphorylation proteins of ERK, p38 were activated through western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS MTA at appropriate concentration could enhance osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP by activating p38 and ERK signaling pathways. This study provides a new idea for the clinical application of MTA and the treatment of endodontic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yating Lu
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Mengxiao Song
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Zhengzhou University, No. 40 University Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, 250001, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of VIP center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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24
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Liu GB, Pan YM, Liu YS, Hu JH, Zhang XD, Zhang DW, Wang Y, Feng YK, Yu JB, Cheng YX. Ghrelin promotes neural differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell via AKT/mTOR and β-catenin signaling pathways. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:405-416. [PMID: 32003536 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into various cell types. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ghrelin on the neural differentiation of rat ADSCs and underlying molecular mechanisms. Rat ADSCs were isolated and third-passage ADSCs were used in this study. The isolated ADSCs were characterized by flow cytometry analysis for MSCs' surface expression markers as evidenced by positive for CD90, CD44, and CD29 and negative for CD34, CD45, and CD11b/2f/c. The multilineage differentiation of ADSCs was confirmed by adipogenic, osteogenic, and neural differentiation. After induction of neurogenesis, the differentiated cells were identified by development of neuron-like morphology and expression of neural markers including glial fibrillary acidic protein, Nestin, MAP2, and β-Tubulin III using immunofluorescence and western blot. Ghrelin concentration dependently elevated the proportion of neural-like cells and branching dendrites, as well as upregulated the expression of neural markers. Further, the expression of nuclear β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, p-AKT, and p-mTOR was increased by ghrelin, indicating an activation of β-catenin and AKT/mTOR signaling after the ghrelin treatment. Importantly, inhibition of β-catenin or AKT/mTOR signaling suppressed ghrelin-induced neurogenesis. Therefore, we demonstrate that ghrelin promotes neural differentiation of ADSCs through the activation of β-catenin and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Bo Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Neural Tissue Engineering, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Pan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Shuang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hang Hu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Neural Tissue Engineering, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Kuan Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Pathology Diagnosis Center, The First Clinical Medical School of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xia Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Pathology Diagnosis Center, The First Clinical Medical School of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Stem Cells, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
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