1
|
Lei W, Zhu H, Cao M, Zhang F, Lai Q, Lu S, Dong W, Sun J, Ru D. From genomics to metabolomics: Deciphering sanguinarine biosynthesis in Dicranostigma leptopodum. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128727. [PMID: 38092109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Dicranostigma leptopodum (Maxim) Fedde (DLF) is a renowned medicinal plant in China, known to be rich in alkaloids. However, the unavailability of a reference genome has impeded investigation into its plant metabolism and genetic breeding potential. Here we present a high-quality chromosomal-level genome assembly for DLF, derived using a combination of Nanopore long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing and Hi-C technologies. Our assembly genome spans a size of 621.81 Mb with an impressive contig N50 of 93.04 Mb. We show that the species-specific whole-genome duplication (WGD) of DLF and Papaver somniferum corresponded to two rounds of WGDs of Papaver setigerum. Furthermore, we integrated comprehensive homology searching, gene family analyses and construction of a gene-to-metabolite network. These efforts led to the discovery of co-expressed transcription factors, including NAC and bZIP, alongside sanguinarine (SAN) pathway genes CYP719 (CFS and SPS). Notably, we identified P6H as a promising gene for enhancing SAN production. By providing the first reference genome for Dicranostigma, our study confirms the genomic underpinning of SAN biosynthesis and establishes a foundation for advancing functional genomic research on Papaveraceae species. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of high-quality genome assemblies in elucidating genetic variations underlying the evolutionary origin of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Man Cao
- Gansu Pharmacovigilance Center, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenpan Dong
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiahui Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Dafu Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Li Z, Huang Y, Xu Y, Zou B. Nanotechnology and curcumin: a novel and promising approach in digestive cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2081-2099. [PMID: 38078442 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the application of nanotechnology and curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from turmeric, in treating digestive cancers, one of the most common types of malignancies worldwide. Despite curcumin's potential for inhibiting tumor growth, its clinical application is hindered by issues such as poor solubility and bioavailability. Nanomedicine, with its unique ability to enhance drug delivery and reduce toxicity, offers a solution to these limitations. The paper focuses on the development of nanoformulations of curcumin, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, that improve its bioavailability and efficacy in treating digestive cancers, including liver and colorectal cancers. The study serves as a valuable reference for future research and development in this promising therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yong Xu
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Calzada F, Garcia-Hernandez N, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Bautista E, Barbosa E, Velázquez C, Hernández-Caballero ME. Expanding the Study of the Cytotoxicity of Incomptines A and B against Leukemia Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:1687. [PMID: 35268788 PMCID: PMC8911839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heliangolide-type sesquiterpene lactones (HTSLs) are phytocompounds with several pharmacological activities including cytotoxic and antitumor activity. Both bioactivities are related to an α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety and an ester group on carbon C-8 in the sesquiterpene lactone (SL) structure. Two HTSLs, incomptines A (AI) and B (IB) isolated from Decachaeta incompta, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on three leukemia cell lines: HL-60, K-562, and REH cells. Both compounds were subjected to a molecular docking study using target proteins associated with cancer such as topoisomerase IIα, topoisomerase IIβ, dihydrofolate reductase, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, and Bcl-2-related protein A1. Results show that IA and IB exhibit cytotoxic activity against all cell lines used. The CC50 value of IA was 2-4-fold less than etoposide and methotrexate, two anticancer drugs used as positive controls. The cytotoxic activity of IB was close to that of etoposide and methotrexate. The molecular docking analysis showed that IA and IB have important interaction on all targets used. These findings suggest that IA and IB may serve as scaffolds for the development of new treatments for different types of leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Calzada
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades-2° Piso CORSE Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Ciudad de México 06725, Mexico
| | - Normand Garcia-Hernandez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Ciudad de México 06725, Mexico
| | - Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa
- CONACyT-Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico; (S.H.-F.); (E.B.)
| | - Elihú Bautista
- CONACyT-Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico; (S.H.-F.); (E.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Barbosa
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Claudia Velázquez
- Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Unidad Universitaria, Pachuca 42076, Mexico;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu L, Zaky MY, Yousuf W, Ullah A, Abdelbaset GR, Zhang Y, Ahmed OM, Liu S, Liu H. The Anticancer Potential of Apigenin Via Immunoregulation. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:479-489. [PMID: 32660399 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200713171137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apigenin is an edible flavonoid widely distributed in natural plants, including most vegetables and fruits. Previous studies have revealed that apigenin possesses multiple biological functions by demonstrating antiinflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor and cardiovascular protective effects. Furthermore, recent progressions have disclosed a novel perspective of the anti-cancer roles of apigenin through its immunoregulatory functions. With the rapid progression of the groundbreaking strategies being developed for cancer immunotherapy, its immunoregulatory roles are being recognized as intriguing features of the multifaceted apigenin. However, the current understanding of this emerging role of apigenin still remains limited. Therefore, in the present review, recent advances on the immunoregulatory properties of apigenin in various diseases with a special focus on neoplasm, are summarized. Clinical strategies of cancer immunotherapy are briefly introduced and findings on apigenin linked to immunoregulatory roles in immunotherapy-associated aspects are brought together. The bioactivity, bioavailability, toxicity and potential of apigenin, to be considered as a therapeutic agent in anti-tumor immunotherapy, is discussed. Disclosed molecular mechanisms underlying the immunoregulatory roles of apigenin in cancer immunotherapy are also summarized. Based on findings from the literature, apigenin has the potential to serve as a prospective adjuvant for anti-cancer immunotherapy and warrants further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Waleed Yousuf
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Anwar Ullah
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gehad R Abdelbaset
- Molecular Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Yingqiu Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Molecular Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Han Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Isolation of diverse bioactive compounds from Euphorbia balsamifera: Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity studies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:417-426. [PMID: 33424325 PMCID: PMC7783668 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Euphorbia balsamifera, fractions and pure compounds were evaluated. The cytotoxic assays for HCT116, HePG2 and MCF7 showed a significant IC50: 54.7 and 76.2 µg/mL of non-polar fraction “n-hexane” against HCT116 and HePG2, respectively. Antibacterial results revealed that plant fractions exhibited significant potential against the tested pathogens than the total extract where n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions showed significant antibacterial activity (P < 0.05) against tested bacterial strains. Isolation and structure determination of compounds from n-hexane and n-butanol fractions were performed. From n-hexane fraction, 29-nor-cycloartanol (1), lanost-8-en-3-ol (2a), cycloartanol (2b) and kampferol-3,4'-dimethyl ether (3) were isolated and structurally identified, along with 24 compounds were tentatively identified by GC–MS. From the polar n-butanol fraction, 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone (4), 4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6methoxy-acetophenone (5), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (6) and isoorientin (7) were assigned. Structures of the obtained compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Except compounds 1 and 5, all reported compounds announced antibacterial efficiency. Compound 2 showed selectively the highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis (22 ± 0.13 mm), meanwhile 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone (4) showed broadly the highest antibacterial activity with MIC of 1.15–1.88 mg/mL against the test Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cytotoxic assays indicated that kampferol-3,4'-dimethyl ether (3) exhibited the highest activity with matching IC50 values to doxorubicin; 111.46, 42.67 and 44.90 µM against HCT116, HePG2 and MCF7, respectively, however, it is toxic on retina normal cell line RPE1.
Collapse
Key Words
- 1H–1H COSY, Proton Correlation Spectrometry
- Antibacterial
- Asir region
- Cytotoxicity
- DEPT, Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer
- E. balsamifera, Euphorbia balsamifera
- ESIMS, Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
- Euphorbia balsamifera
- GC–MS
- GC–MS, Gas Chromatogrphy/ Mass Spectrometry
- HCT116, Colon cell line
- HMBC, Hetero-nuclear multiple bond correlation spectroscopy
- HMQC, Hetero-nuclear multiple quantum correlation spectroscopy
- HSQC, Heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy
- HePG2, Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
- Isolation
- J, Coupling Constant
- MCF7, Human Caucasian breast adenocarcinoma
- MTT, Colorimetric assay for measuring cell metabolic activity as an indicator of cell viability, proliferation, and cytotoxicity
- Spectroscopy
- TLC, Thin-layer Chromatography
- d, Doublet
- dd, Doublet of doublet
- δ, Chemical shift (in ppm)
Collapse
|
7
|
Mahmoudi R, Ashraf Mirahmadi-Babaheidri S, Delaviz H, Fouani MH, Alipour M, Jafari Barmak M, Christiansen G, Bardania H. RGD peptide-mediated liposomal curcumin targeted delivery to breast cancer cells. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:743-753. [PMID: 32807016 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220949367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, turmeric's active ingredient (Curcumin) was encapsulated into RGD modified Liposomes (RGD-Lip-Cur) its cytotoxic effect on the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was evaluated by MTT, flow cytometry and Caspase assay. Liposomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results demonstrated that the liposomes were spherical in shape, ranging from 70 to 100 nm. MTT assay revealed that RGD-Lip-Cur had a significant cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells at concentrations of 32, 16 and 4 μg/ml compared to Lip-Cur (P < 0.05) and curcumin (P < 0.01). The apoptosis assay demonstrated that RGD-Lip-Cur induces the apoptosis in MCF-7 cells (39.6% vs 40.2% for initial and secondary apoptosis) significantly more than Lip-Cur (67.7% vs 9.16% for initial and secondary apoptosis) and free curcumin (7.84% vs 38.8% for initial and secondary apoptosis). Moreover, caspase assay showed that RGD-Lip-Cur activates caspase 3/7 compared to Lip-Cur (P < 0.05) and free curcumin (P < 0.01). The RGD-Lip-Cur was similar to the control group and had no significant cytotoxicity effect. It is concluded that RGD-Lip-Cur as a novel carrier have high cytotoxicity effect on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mahmoudi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Hamdollah Delaviz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hassan Fouani
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alipour
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Jafari Barmak
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Bardania
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Medicinal Plant Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit, Imamsajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ong CP, Lee WL, Tang YQ, Yap WH. Honokiol: A Review of Its Anticancer Potential and Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:E48. [PMID: 31877856 PMCID: PMC7016989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterised by uncontrolled cell division and abnormal cell growth, which is largely caused by a variety of gene mutations. There are continuous efforts being made to develop effective cancer treatments as resistance to current anticancer drugs has been on the rise. Natural products represent a promising source in the search for anticancer treatments as they possess unique chemical structures and combinations of compounds that may be effective against cancer with a minimal toxicity profile or few side effects compared to standard anticancer therapy. Extensive research on natural products has shown that bioactive natural compounds target multiple cellular processes and pathways involved in cancer progression. In this review, we discuss honokiol, a plant bioactive compound that originates mainly from the Magnolia species. Various studies have proven that honokiol exerts broad-range anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo by regulating numerous signalling pathways. These include induction of G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest (via the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and cyclin proteins), epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibition via the downregulation of mesenchymal markers and upregulation of epithelial markers. Additionally, honokiol possesses the capability to supress cell migration and invasion via the downregulation of several matrix-metalloproteinases (activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and KISS1/KISS1R signalling), inhibiting cell migration, invasion, and metastasis, as well as inducing anti-angiogenesis activity (via the down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). Combining these studies provides significant insights for the potential of honokiol to be a promising candidate natural compound for chemoprevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yin Quan Tang
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (C.P.O.); (W.L.L.)
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (C.P.O.); (W.L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kefayat A, Ghahremani F, Safavi A, Hajiaghababa A, Moshtaghian J. C-phycocyanin: a natural product with radiosensitizing property for enhancement of colon cancer radiation therapy efficacy through inhibition of COX-2 expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19161. [PMID: 31844085 PMCID: PMC6915779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Different chemical and nanomaterial agents have been introduced for radiosensitizing purposes. However, many researchers believe these agents are far away from clinical application due to side effects and limited knowledge about their behavior in the human body. In this study, C-phycocyanin (C-PC) was used as a natural radiosensitizer for enhancement of radiation therapy (RT) efficacy. C-PC treatment's effect on the COX-2 expression of cancer cells was investigated by flow cytometry, western blot, qRT-PCR analyses in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, the radiosensitizing effect of C-PC treatment was investigated by MTT and clonogenic cell survival assays for CT-26, DLD-1, HT-29 colon cancer cell lines and the CRL-1831 as normal colonic cells. In addition, the C-PC treatment effect on the radiation therapy efficacy was evaluated according to CT-26 tumor's growth progression and immunohistochemistry analyses of Ki-67 labeling index. C-PC treatment (200 µg/mL) could significantly enhance the radiation therapy efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Synergistic interaction was detected at C-PC and radiation beams co-treatment based on Chou and Talalay formula (combination index <1), especially at 200 µg/mL C-PC and 6 Gy radiation dosages. The acquired DEF of C-PC treatment was 1.39, 1.4, 1.63, and 1.05 for CT-26, DLD-1, HT-29, and CRL-1831 cells, respectively. Also, C-PC + RT treated mice exhibited 35.2% lower mean tumors' volume and about 6 days more survival time in comparison with the RT group (P < 0.05). In addition, C-PC + RT group exhibited 54% lower Ki-67 index in comparison with the RT group. Therefore, C-PC can exhibit high radiosensitizing effects. However, the potential cardiovascular risks of C-PC as a COX-2 inhibitor should be evaluated with extensive preclinical testing before developing this agent for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Kefayat
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghahremani
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiotherapy, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 38481-76941, Iran.
| | - Ashkan Safavi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Moshtaghian
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kefayat A, Ghahremani F, Safavi A, Hajiaghababa A, Moshtaghian J. Spirulina extract enriched for Braun-type lipoprotein (Immulina®) for inhibition of 4T1 breast tumors' growth and metastasis. Phytother Res 2019; 34:368-378. [PMID: 31691383 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina platensis extracts have exhibited considerable anti-cancer effects. To investigate the efficacy of the Spirulina extract enriched for Braun-type lipoprotein (Immulina®) for breast cancer treatment, 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice were treated with 40 mg/kg Immulina® daily and the tumors' growth and metastasis were assessed. Also, CD4, CD8, and CD56 staining were performed to investigate the Immulina® effect on the immune cells' recruitment to the tumors by immunohistochemistry. Immulina® could significantly (P < 0.001) inhibit 4T1 breast tumors' growth. Immulina®-treated group exhibited a 63% decrease in the tumors' volume in comparison with control (P < 0.001). Also, Immulina® could significantly (P < 0.001) decrease metastatic burden at the vital organs as 68% and 61% decrease in the liver and lungs metastatic colonies were observed, respectively. Also, Immulina® could increase mean survival time of the tumor-bearing mice for 29 days. The Spirulina-treated mice tumors contained significantly more infiltrated NK, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in comparison with control. Taking together, Immulina® can be a safe anti-cancer supplement with the ability to cause direct apoptosis to the cancer cells and activate the immune system against tumor. This supplement with natural origin seems to have bright future to help breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Kefayat
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghahremani
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiotherapy, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 38481-76941, Iran
| | - Ashkan Safavi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jamal Moshtaghian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Time-dependent AI-Modeling of the anticancer efficacy of synthesized gallic acid analogues. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 79:137-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
12
|
Maldonado-Cubas J, San Martin-Martínez E, Quiroz-Reyes CN, Casañas-Pimentel RG. Cytotoxic effect of Semialarium mexicanum (Miers) Mennega root bark extracts and fractions against breast cancer cells. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:1185-1201. [PMID: 30425433 PMCID: PMC6214441 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The root bark of Semialarium mexicanum (Miers) Mennega (cancerina) is traditionally used in Mexico to treat cancer. However, there are no studies supporting its use. We evaluated whether S. mexicanum root bark induces cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells to determine if it has potential applications in the treatment of this disease. Extracts of S. mexicanum root bark in petroleum ether, ethanol, and water were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction. MTT and WST-1 assays were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the extracts toward breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7), non-tumorigenic breast-derived cells (MCF 10A), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). For the extract with greatest cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress were determined using flow cytometry. The extract was fractionated, and the cytotoxicity of its fractions was evaluated with the four cell types. The fractions were also analyzed by HPLC. Only the petroleum ether extract was cytotoxic for all cell types (MDA-MB-231 > MCF 10A/MCF7 > PBMCs). Cell death occurred by apoptosis, which could be associated with the induction of oxidative stress. Two fractions that were highly cytotoxic for breast cancer cells were obtained from this extract (IC50 ≤ 4.15 µg/mL for the most active fraction at 72 h). The MCF 10A cells were less affected, while PBMCs were not affected after 72 h of treatment. Pristimerin was identified in both fractions and may be partially responsible for the cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that S. mexicanum root bark has a potential application in breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Maldonado-Cubas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Irrigación. Miguel Hidalgo, 11500 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo San Martin-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Irrigación. Miguel Hidalgo, 11500 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cinthya Nathaly Quiroz-Reyes
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Irrigación. Miguel Hidalgo, 11500 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rocio Guadalupe Casañas-Pimentel
- CONACYT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Irrigación. Miguel Hidalgo, 11500 Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nature is the best source of anticancer drugs: Indexing natural products for their anticancer bioactivity. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 29121120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187925.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered one of the primary diseases that cause morbidity and mortality in millions of people worldwide and due to its prevalence, there is undoubtedly an unmet need to discover novel anticancer drugs. However, the traditional process of drug discovery and development is lengthy and expensive, so the application of in silico techniques and optimization algorithms in drug discovery projects can provide a solution, saving time and costs. A set of 617 approved anticancer drugs, constituting the active domain, and a set of 2,892 natural products, constituting the inactive domain, were employed to build predictive models and to index natural products for their anticancer bioactivity. Using the iterative stochastic elimination optimization technique, we obtained a highly discriminative and robust model, with an area under the curve of 0.95. Twelve natural products that scored highly as potential anticancer drug candidates are disclosed. Searching the scientific literature revealed that few of those molecules (Neoechinulin, Colchicine, and Piperolactam) have already been experimentally screened for their anticancer activity and found active. The other phytochemicals await evaluation for their anticancerous activity in wet lab.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rayan A, Raiyn J, Falah M. Nature is the best source of anticancer drugs: Indexing natural products for their anticancer bioactivity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187925. [PMID: 29121120 PMCID: PMC5679595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered one of the primary diseases that cause morbidity and mortality in millions of people worldwide and due to its prevalence, there is undoubtedly an unmet need to discover novel anticancer drugs. However, the traditional process of drug discovery and development is lengthy and expensive, so the application of in silico techniques and optimization algorithms in drug discovery projects can provide a solution, saving time and costs. A set of 617 approved anticancer drugs, constituting the active domain, and a set of 2,892 natural products, constituting the inactive domain, were employed to build predictive models and to index natural products for their anticancer bioactivity. Using the iterative stochastic elimination optimization technique, we obtained a highly discriminative and robust model, with an area under the curve of 0.95. Twelve natural products that scored highly as potential anticancer drug candidates are disclosed. Searching the scientific literature revealed that few of those molecules (Neoechinulin, Colchicine, and Piperolactam) have already been experimentally screened for their anticancer activity and found active. The other phytochemicals await evaluation for their anticancerous activity in wet lab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Rayan
- Drug Discovery Informatics Lab, QRC - Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baka EL-Garbiah, Israel
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Institute of Applied Research - The Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr, Israel
- * E-mail: (AR); (MF)
| | - Jamal Raiyn
- Drug Discovery Informatics Lab, QRC - Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baka EL-Garbiah, Israel
| | - Mizied Falah
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- * E-mail: (AR); (MF)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Colchicine, the main alkaloid of the poisonous plant meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale L.), is a classical drug used for the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Although colchicine is not clinically used to treat cancer because of toxicity, it exerts antiproliferative effects through the inhibition of microtubule formation by blocking the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and triggering apoptosis. Colchicine can still be used as a lead compound for the generation of potential anticancer drugs. Thus, numerous analogues of colchicine have been synthesized in the hope of developing novel, useful drugs with more favourable pharmacological profiles. Several colchicine semisynthetics are less toxic than colchicine and research is being carried out on effective, less toxic colchicine semisynthetic formulations with potential drug-delivery strategies directly targeting multiple solid cancers. This review focuses on the anticancer role of some of colchicine-based derivatives and their therapeutic importance.
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Paranjpe R, Gundala SR, Lakshminarayana N, Sagwal A, Asif G, Pandey A, Aneja R. Piper betel leaf extract: anticancer benefits and bio-guided fractionation to identify active principles for prostate cancer management. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1558-66. [PMID: 23430955 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts, a concoction of bioactive non-nutrient phytochemicals, have long served as the most significant source of new leads for anticancer drug development. Explored for their unique medicinal properties, the leaves of Piper betel, an evergreen perennial vine, are a reservoir of phenolics with antimutagenic, antitumor and antioxidant activities. Here, we show that oral feeding of betel leaf extract (BLE) significantly inhibited the growth of human prostate xenografts implanted in nude mice compared with vehicle-fed controls. To gain insights into the 'active principles', we performed a bioactivity-guided fractionation of methanolic BLE employing solvents of different polarity strengths using classical column chromatography. This approach yielded 15 fractions, which were then pooled to 10 using similar retention factors on thin-layer chromatographs. Bioactivity assays demonstrated that one fraction in particular, F2, displayed a 3-fold better in vitro efficacy to inhibit proliferation of prostate cancer cells than the parent BLE. The presence of phenols, hydroxychavicol (HC) and chavibetol (CHV), was confirmed in F2 by nuclear magnetic resonance, high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Further, the HC containing F2 subfraction was found to be ~8-fold more potent than the F2 subfraction that contained CHV, in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells as evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Removing CHV from F2 remarkably decreased the IC50 of this fraction, indicating that HC is perhaps the major bioactive constituent, which is present to an extent of 26.59% in BLE. These data provide evidence that HC is a potential candidate for prostate cancer management and warrants further preclinical evaluation.
Collapse
|
18
|
In vitro inhibition of breast cancer spheroid-induced lymphendothelial defects resembling intravasation into the lymphatic vasculature by acetohexamide, isoxsuprine, nifedipin and proadifen. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:570-8. [PMID: 23299527 PMCID: PMC3593542 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As metastasis is the prime cause of death from malignancies, there is vibrant interest to discover options for the management of the different mechanistic steps of tumour spreading. Some approved pharmaceuticals exhibit activities against diseases they have not been developed for. In order to discover such activities that might attenuate lymph node metastasis, we investigated 225 drugs, which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Methods: A three-dimensional cell co-culture assay was utilised measuring tumour cell-induced disintegrations of the lymphendothelial wall through which tumour emboli can intravasate as a limiting step in lymph node metastasis of ductal breast cancer. The disintegrated areas in the lymphendothelial cell (LEC) monolayers were induced by 12(S)-HETE, which is secreted by MCF-7 tumour cell spheroids, and are called ‘circular chemorepellent induced defects' (CCIDs). The putative mechanisms by which active drugs prevented the formation of entry gates were investigated by western blotting, NF-κB activity assay and by the determination of 12(S)-HETE synthesis. Results: Acetohexamide, nifedipin, isoxsuprine and proadifen dose dependently inhibited the formation of CCIDs in LEC monolayers and inhibited markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition and migration. The migration of LECs is a prerequisite of CCID formation, and these drugs either repressed paxillin levels or the activities of myosin light chain 2, or myosin-binding subunit of myosin phosphatase. Isoxsuprine inhibited all three migration markers, and isoxsuprine and acetohexamide suppressed the synthesis of 12(S)-HETE, whereas proadifen and nifedipin inhibited NF-κB activation. Both the signalling pathways independently cause CCID formation. Conclusion: The targeting of different mechanisms was most likely the reason for synergistic effects of different drug combinations on the inhibition of CCID formation. Furthermore, the treatment with drug combinations allowed also a several-fold reduction in drug concentrations. These results encourage further screening of approved drugs and their in vivo testing.
Collapse
|