1
|
Photoactivated [Mn(CO) 3Br(μ-bpcpd)] 2 induces apoptosis in cancer cells via intrinsic pathway. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 188:28-41. [PMID: 30195977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMs) are organometallic/organic compounds that release carbon monoxide (CO) spontaneously or upon activation. PhotoCORMs are capable of releasing CO on light based activation. This group of molecules is used in photodynamic therapy due to their ability to release CO in a controlled manner. In the present investigation, the release of CO from [Mn(CO)3Br(μ-bpcpd)]2 (MnCORM) upon irradiation at λmax 365 nm was assessed spectrophotometrically using myoglobin assay and confirmed by liquid FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. Further, the cytotoxic potential of MnCORM on normal cells (HEK 293) and cancer cell lines such as lung (A549), cervical (HeLa), breast (MDA MB-231) and colon (HCT-15) was evaluated. The IC50 values of MnCORM were found to be 21.37 ± 1.72, 24.12 ± 1.03, 21.89 ± 0.59 and 13.69 ± 0.91 μM on cervical (HeLa), lung (A549), colon (HCT-15) and breast (MDA MB-231) cancer cells respectively. An inquest into the nature of cell death was confirmed based on the nuclear and cytological examinations, flow cytometric analyses and protein expression studies. The AO/EB dual staining and cytological evaluation of the treated cells revealed that the cell death might be due to apoptosis. The flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide (PI) stained cells showed a significant amount of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells due to MnCORM treatment. The MnCORM-induced apoptosis was mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically superoxide radicals leading to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis was elucidated based on the expression studies of pro-apoptotic and apoptotic proteins such as bcl-2, bax, cyt c, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved PARP. Due to its innate potential to release CO upon photoactivation and its ability to induce apoptosis via intrinsic pathway, the MnCORM molecule could be exploited for controlled release and photodynamic cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sui H, Duan P, Guo P, Hao L, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhu H, Zhao M, Wang H, Li Q, Wang S. Zhi Zhen Fang formula reverses Hedgehog pathway mediated multidrug resistance in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2087-2095. [PMID: 28849164 PMCID: PMC5652964 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Zhi-Zhen-Fang (ZZR), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, has been clinically used in China to treat drug-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) patients as an adjuvant. In this study, the efficacy of ZZR in suppressing multidrug resistance (MDR) on CRC was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. We observed that ZZR enhanced the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent mannner in CRC MDR cells. Interestingly, signaling of Hedgehog pathway, particularly Gli1, was also inhibited by ZZR. This effect of ZZR in reversing drug resistance and suppressing Gli1 was attenuated by a Hedgehog activator (SAG). Furthermore, ZZR inhibited MDR CRC tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model as well as downregulated Gli1 levels. This study provided the first direct evidence demonstrating ZZR can attenuate MDR by repressing Hedgehog signaling in human CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sui
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Peiwen Duan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Piaoting Guo
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Lishuang Hao
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Huirong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Songpo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin J, Feng J, Yang H, Yan Z, Li Q, Wei L, Lai Z, Jin Y, Peng J. Scutellaria barbata D. Don inhibits 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2293-2300. [PMID: 28849113 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance or multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a major obstacle in clinical treatment of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Aberrant activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway may lead to unlimited growth and chemoresistance in CRC cells, which thus could be a promising therapeutic target. As a long-term used traditional Chinese folk-medicine, Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) processes specific anticancer activity, but its activity against cancer chemoresistance is less known. Therefore, using a 5-FU-resistant CRC cell line HCT-8/5-FU, in this study we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of the ethanol extracts of SB (EESB) against 5-FU resistance and explored the possible molecular mechanisms. We found that EESB significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis in HCT-8/5-FU cells. Additionally, EESB displayed remarkable effect enhancing the retention of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter substrate, rhodamine‑123 (Rh‑123) in HCT-8/5-FU cells. Furthermore, EESB obviously downregulated the expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and ABCG2, while upregulated p21 and Bax expression. Moreover, EESB showed a prominent suppressive effect on the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. The findings suggested that Scutellaria barbata D. Don was able to inhibit chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhaokun Yan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Lai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Jin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A polysaccharide from Trametes robiniophila Murrill induces apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in human osteosarcoma (U-2 OS) cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5255-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Wang Q, Niu S, Liu J, Zhang L. Pien Tze Huang induces apoptosis in multidrug‑resistant U2OS/ADM cells via downregulation of Bcl‑2, survivin and P-gp and upregulation of Bax. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:763-70. [PMID: 24337940 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pien Tze Huang (PZH) is a well-known traditional Chinese formula that was first prescribed by a royal physician in the Ming Dynasty. PZH has been used to treat various types of cancers including osteosarcoma. Previous studies have shown that PZH may effectively inhibit osteosarcoma cell growth in vivo and in vitro via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of migratory and invasive abilities. However, little is known regarding the effects of PZH on osteosarcomas that are resistant to chemotherapy, which has emerged as a major clinical problem. In the present study, the cellular effects of PZH on multidrug-resistant U2OS/ADM human osteosarcoma cells were investigated. Our results showed that PZH reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and arrested cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, suggesting that PZH inhibits the proliferation of U2OS/ADM cells. Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining revealed typical nuclear features of apoptosis, and treatment with PZH increased the proportion of apoptotic Annexin V-positive cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further experiments demonstrated that apoptosis induction by PZH was accompanied by downregulation of Bcl-2 and survivin and upregulation of Bax. In addition, following treatment with PZH, intracellular Rhodamine 123 accumulation was increased and the expression of P-gp was significantly suppressed. Taken together, these results provide a possible molecular mechanism for the anticancer effect of PZH on U2OS/ADM cells and suggest that PZH may be a potent therapeutic agent for drug-resistant osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Osteopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qihong Wang
- First Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Susheng Niu
- College of Osteopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Junning Liu
- College of Osteopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Osteopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|