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Verma PK, Singh RK, Kumar S, Shukla A, Kumar S, Gond MK, Bharty MK, Acharya A. Cobalt (III) complex exerts anti-cancer effects on T cell lymphoma through induction of cell cycle arrest and promotion of apoptosis. Daru 2022; 30:127-138. [PMID: 35296992 PMCID: PMC9114208 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cobalt-based compounds are emerging as a non-platinum-based anti-cancer effective therapeutic agent. However, there is a limited study regarding the therapeutic efficacy of Cobalt-based drugs against Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHLs) such as T cell lymphoma. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the anti-tumor role of cobalt(III) complex [Co(ptsm)NH3(o-phen)]·CH3OH on Dalton's Lymphoma (DL) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity of the cobalt complex was estimated by MTT assay. Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and Annexin V/PI staining was done by Flow cytometry, while AO/EtBr staining by fluorescence microscopy in cobalt complex treated DL cell. Expression of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein was analyzed by Western blotting. In addition, in vivo study of the cobalt complex was evaluated in well-established DL bearing mice by monitoring physiological parameters and mean survival time. RESULTS Our study showed that cobalt complex triggered apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in DL cells. Furthermore, this also decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased intracellular ROS generation in cancer cells. In addition, changed expression of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein was found with enhanced activity of caspase-3 and 9 in the treated cells. Additionally, administration of cobalt complex showed a significant increase in the survivability of tumor-bearing host, which was accomplished by decreasing physiological parameters. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data revealed anti-tumor potential of cobalt complex against DL cells through cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Henceforth, cobalt-based drugs could be a new generation therapeutic drug to treat hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Verma
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Rishi Kant Singh
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Alok Shukla
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Mannu Kumar Gond
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Bharty
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Arbind Acharya
- Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Singh RK, Verma PK, Kumar S, Shukla A, Kumar N, Kumar S, Acharya A. Evidence that PKCα inhibition in Dalton's Lymphoma cells augments cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Leuk Res 2022; 113:106772. [PMID: 35016128 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase Cα (PKCα), belonging to ser/thr protein kinase, perform various biological functions. Overexpression of PKCα has been observed in multiple human malignancies including lymphoma. However, the molecular pathogenesis and involvement of PKCα in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are not clearly understood. Hence, deciphering the role of PKCα in NHL management may provide a better therapeutic option. In the present study, we used selective pharmacological inhibitors Gö6976 and Ro320432 that potentially inhibit PKCα-mediated signaling in DL cells, resulting in the inhibition of cell growth and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. PKCα inhibition by these inhibitors also displays cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and causes growth retardation of DL cells. Our results extended the mechanism of PKCα in NHL, and provided potential implications for its therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kant Singh
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shukla
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arbind Acharya
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Singh RK, Verma PK, Kumar A, Kumar S, Acharya A. Achyranthes aspera L. leaf extract induced anticancer effects on Dalton's Lymphoma via regulation of PKCα signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114060. [PMID: 33771640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Epidemiological studies promote the inclusion of natural-products in diet due to their inhibitory effects on various types of cancer. Among them, Achyranthes aspera L. (Family Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant in Ayurvedic pharmacopeia, found in India, Southeast Asia, America, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It is endowed with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activities. However, its potential effect on Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), has not yet been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Achyranthes aspera L. leaf extracts on highly aggressive murine NHL called Dalton's Lymphoma (DL) in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS GC-HRMS analysis was carried out for the identification of compounds present in A. aspera leaf extract. The cytotoxicity of various A. aspera leaf extracts was evaluated on DL cells by MTT assay. Chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and morphological changes were observed by microscopy technique. Flow cytometry was used to measure the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and apoptosis. In addition, the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blotting. Meanwhile, the in vivo anti-tumor effect of leaf extract was tested in DL induced Balb/c mice. RESULT GC-HRMS analysis of A. aspera methanolic leaf extract (AAML) revealed the presence of ten pharmacologically active compounds. The results showed that AAML suppressed cell proliferation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, changed the morphological structure, and induced apoptosis. Moreover, AAML could promote the release of cytochrome c by regulating Bcl-2 family proteins and then activated caspase-9/ -3 to triggered cell apoptosis. At the same time in DL cells treated with AAML, the protein kinase Cα (PKCα) pathway was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Remarkably, in vivo, AAML mediated suppression of DL growth in Balb/c mice was accompanied by attenuation of the PKCα pathway and induction of apoptosis. Our result suggested that AAML promotes mitochondrial apoptotic cascade in DL cells by suppressing the PKCα signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The study suggests that AAML could potently suppress DL progression by promoting apoptosis via mitochondrial-cascade and attenuation of the PKCα signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kant Singh
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India
| | - Arbind Acharya
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P, India.
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The Bispidinone Derivative 3,7-Bis-[2-( S)-amino-3-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one Dihydrochloride Induces an Apoptosis-Mediated Cytotoxic Effect on Pancreatic Cancer Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030524. [PMID: 30709047 PMCID: PMC6384835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a complex, heterogeneous disease with a dismal prognosis. Current therapies have failed to improve survival outcomes, urging the need for discovery of novel targeted treatments. Bispidinone derivatives have yet to be investigated as cytotoxic agents against PC cells. The cytotoxic effect of four bispidinone derivatives (BisP1: 1,5-diphenyl-3,7-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one; BisP2: 3,7-bis-(2-(S)-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutyryl)-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one dihydrochloride; BisP3: [2-{7-[2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-9-oxo-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl}-1-(S)-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]-carbamic acid tertbutyl ester; BisP4: 3,7-bis-[2-(S)-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one dihydrochloride) was assessed against PC cell lines (MiaPaca-2, CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3). Cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) colorimetric assay, while apoptotic cell death was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Initial viability screening revealed significant cytotoxic activity from BisP4 treatment (1 µM–100 µM) on all three cell lines, with IC50 values for MiaPaca-2, BxPC-3, and CFPAC-1 16.9 µM, 23.7 µM, and 36.3 µM, respectively. Cytotoxic treatment time-response (4 h, 24 h, and 48 h) revealed a 24 h treatment time was sufficient to produce a cytotoxic effect on all cell lines. Light microscopy evaluation (DAPI staining) of BisP4 treated MiaPaca-2 PC cells revealed dose-dependent characteristic apoptotic morphological changes. In addition, flow cytometry confirmed BisP4 induced apoptotic cell death induction of activated caspase-3/-7. The bispidinone derivative BisP4 induced an apoptosis-mediated cytotoxic effect on MiaPaca-2 cell lines and significant cytotoxicity on CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cell lines. Further investigations into the precise cellular mechanisms of action of this class of compounds are necessary for potential development into pre-clinical trials.
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Low-level laser irradiation at a high power intensity increased human endothelial cell exosome secretion via Wnt signaling. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1131-1145. [PMID: 29603107 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The distinct role of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on endothelial exosome biogenesis remains unclear. We hypothesize that laser irradiation of high dose in human endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to the modulation of exosome biogenesis via Wnt signaling pathway. When human ECs were treated with LLLI at a power density of 80 J/cm2, the survival rate reduced. The potential of irradiated cells to release exosomes was increased significantly by expressing genes CD63, Alix, Rab27a, and b. This occurrence coincided with an enhanced acetylcholine esterase activity, pseudopodia formation, and reduced zeta potential value 24 h post-irradiation. Western blotting showed the induction of LC3 and reduced level of P62, confirming autophagy response. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy analyses revealed the health status of the mitochondrial function indicated by normal ΔΨ activity without any changes in the transcription level of PINK1 and Optineurin. When cells exposed to high power laser irradiation, p-Akt/Akt ratio and in vitro tubulogenesis capacity were blunted. PCR array and bioinformatics analyses showed the induction of transcription factors promoting Wnt signaling pathways and GTPase activity. Thus, LLLI at high power intensity increased exosome biogenesis by the induction of autophagy and Wnt signaling. LLLI at high power intensity increases exosome biogenesis by engaging the transcription factors related to Wnt signaling and autophagy stimulate.
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Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Bartoszewski R, Bartoszewska S, Kochan K, Adamska A, Kosiński I, Ochocka JR. Pennogenyl Saponins from Paris quadrifolia L. Induce Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135993. [PMID: 26295969 PMCID: PMC4546673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pennogenyl saponins are the active compounds of large number of plant species and consequently many polyherbal formulations. Hence, great interest has been shown in their characterization and in the investigation of their pharmacological and biological properties, especially anticancer. This present study reports on the evaluation of cytotoxic effects and explanation of the molecular mechanisms of action of the two pennogenyl saponins (PS 1 and PS 2) isolated from Paris quadrifolia L. rhizomes on human cervical adenocarcinoma cell line HeLa. To determine the viability of the cells treated with the compounds we used real-time cell proliferation analysis and found that the pennogenyl saponins PS 1 and PS 2 strongly inhibited the tumor cells growth with IC50 values of 1.11 ± 0.04 μg/ml and 0.87 ± 0.05 μg/ml, respectively. The flow cytometry analysis indicated that the two compounds induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa cells in the early stage of apoptosis. Quantitative PCR and Western Blot analysis showed that the two saponins significantly increased mRNA expression of FADD and BID as well as induced caspase-8 via increased of procaspase-8 processing in the treated cells. The results of this study suggest that both the extrinsic death receptor and intrinsic mitochondrial pathways are involved in the programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Kochan
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Adamska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Igor Kosiński
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - J. Renata Ochocka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Lu K, Wang J, Song Y, Zhao S, Liu H, Tang D, Pan B, Zhao H, Zhang Q. miRNA-24-3p promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in human breast cancer by targeting p27Kip1. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:995-1002. [PMID: 26044523 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are often aberrantly expressed in breast cancer and are postulated to play a role in its initiation and progression. In the present study, we found that the expression level of miR-24-3p was upregulated in breast cancer in comparison with the level in adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of miR-24-3p was able to promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 cells. With the bioinformatic method, we further identified that p27Kip1 is a direct target of miR-24-3p, and its protein level was negatively regulated by miR-24-3p. Therefore, the data reported here demonstrate that miR-24-3p is an important regulator in breast cancer, and imply that the miR-24-3p/p27Kip1 axis has potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dabei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Wang L, Gao W, Hu F, Xu Z, Wang F. MicroRNA-874 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer by targeting CDK9. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4527-35. [PMID: 25281924 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that miR-874 plays important roles in many types of cancers. Nevertheless, its biological function in breast cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that the expression level of miR-874 is down-regulated in breast cancer in comparison with the adjacent normal tissues. The overexpression of miR-874 is able to inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Using a bioinformatics method, we further show that CDK9 is a direct target of miR-874 and that its protein level is negatively regulated by miR-874. Therefore, the data reported in this manuscript demonstrate that miR-874 is an important regulator in breast cancer and imply that the miR-874/CDK9 axis has potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zhiyang Xu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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