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Repeated Occurrence and Recurrence of Secondary Oral Solid Cancers after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Leukaemia: Long-Term Follow-Up. Case Rep Dent 2022; 2022:9592077. [PMID: 36046849 PMCID: PMC9424045 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9592077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a common method for patients such as hematologic malignancies. However, HSCT generally has a higher risk of secondary solid cancer development. The aim of this study was to emphasize the need for lifelong follow-up of oral secondary solid cancer. The patient was a male who underwent HSCT for chronic myelogenous leukaemia at the age of 31 years. He underwent ten onsets on oral secondary solid cancers during his subsequent follow-up of more than 20 years. In conclusion, patients after HSCT require lifelong observation of oral secondary solid cancer, which may be accompanied by repeated new and recurrent occurrences.
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Diversity of the Origin of Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153588. [PMID: 35892847 PMCID: PMC9332248 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) histopathologically accounts for ≥90% of oral cancer. In this review article, we focus on the diversity of the origin of OSCC and also discuss cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subset of cancer cells that occupy a very small portion of the cancer mass and have characteristics of stem cells. When gene abnormalities accumulate in somatic stem cells, those cells transform into CSCs. CSCs as the origin of cancer then autonomously grow and develop into cancer. The histopathological phenotype of cancer cells is determined by the original characteristics of the somatic stem cells and/or surrounding environment. OSCC may be divided into the following three categories with different malignancy based on the origin of CSCs: cancer from oral epithelial stem cell-derived CSCs, cancer from stem cells in salivary gland-derived CSCs, and cancer from bone marrow-derived stem cell-derived CSCs. Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) histopathologically accounts for ≥90% of oral cancer. Many clinicopathological risk factors for OSCC have also been proposed, and postoperative therapy is recommended in guidelines based on cancer stage and other risk factors. However, even if the standard treatment is provided according to the guidelines, a few cases rapidly recur or show cervical and distant metastasis. In this review article, we focus on the diversity of the origin of OSCC. We also discuss cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a key player to explain the malignancy of OSCC. CSCs are a subset of cancer cells that occupy a very small portion of the cancer mass and have characteristics of stem cells. When gene abnormalities accumulate in somatic stem cells, those cells transform into CSCs. CSCs as the origin of cancer then autonomously grow and develop into cancer. The histopathological phenotype of cancer cells is determined by the original characteristics of the somatic stem cells and/or surrounding environment. OSCC may be divided into the following three categories with different malignancy based on the origin of CSCs: cancer from oral epithelial stem cell-derived CSCs, cancer from stem cells in salivary gland-derived CSCs, and cancer from bone marrow-derived stem cell-derived CSCs.
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Two Lip Carcinomas following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:6662381. [PMID: 34497645 PMCID: PMC8419498 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6662381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary solid cancers are severe complications in patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for malignant and nonmalignant lymphohematopoietic diseases. Objective The aim of this work was to report a case of two lip carcinomas following AHSCT and to warn doctors about the importance of regular check-ups of patients who have received HSCT. Observation. A 57-year-old man was referred by the dermatology department for the management of exophytic budding lesions on the lower lip evolving since 5 months. The patient was in complete remission following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia since five years. Clinical and histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the two lesions. Conclusion It is of paramount importance to seek an oral squamous cell carcinoma in the presence of persistent lesions in HSCT recipients.
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Zhao GJ, Wu Z, Ge L, Yang F, Hong K, Zhang S, Ma L. Ferroptosis-Related Gene-Based Prognostic Model and Immune Infiltration in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:650416. [PMID: 34178024 PMCID: PMC8220217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.650416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system. Ferroptosis plays a vital role in ccRCC development and progression. We did an update of ferroptosis-related multigene expression signature for individualized prognosis prediction in patients with ccRCC. Differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes in ccRCC and normal samples were screened using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and machine learning methods were employed to identify optimal prognosis-related genes. CARS1, CD44, FANCD2, HMGCR, NCOA4, SLC7A11, and ACACA were selected to establish a prognostic risk score model. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways; single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed several immune cells potentially related to ferroptosis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high-risk scores had significantly poor overall survival (log-rank P = 7.815 × 10-11). The ferroptosis signature was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Finally, a prognostic nomogram, including the ferroptosis signature, age, histological grade, and stage status, was constructed. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas-based calibration plots, C-index, and decision curve indicated the excellent predictive performance of the nomogram. The ferroptosis-related seven-gene risk score model is useful as a prognostic biomarker and suggests therapeutic targets for ccRCC. The prognostic nomogram may assist in individualized survival prediction and improve treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zonglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Ge
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feilong Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hong
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Hasegawa T, Nakashiro KI, Fukumoto C, Hyodo T, Sawatani Y, Shimura M, Kamimura R, Kuribayashi N, Fujita A, Uchida D, Kawamata H. Oral squamous cell carcinoma may originate from bone marrow-derived stem cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:170. [PMID: 33552287 PMCID: PMC7798092 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecules that demonstrate a clear association with the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not yet been identified. The current study hypothesized that tumor cells in OSCC have three different origins: Epithelial stem cells, oral tissue stem cells from the salivary gland and bone marrow (BM) stem cells. It was also hypothesized that carcinomas derived from less-differentiated stem cells have a greater malignancy. In the present study, sex chromosome analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or microdissection PCR was performed in patients with OSCC that developed after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from the opposite sex. OSCC from 3 male patients among the 6 total transplanted patients were considered to originate from donor-derived BM cells. A total of 2/3 patients had distant metastasis, resulting in a poor prognosis. In a female patient with oral potentially malignant disorder who underwent HSCT, there were 10.7% Y-containing cells in epithelial cells, suggesting that some epithelial cells were from the donor. Subsequently, gene expression patterns in patients with possible BM stem cell-derived OSCC were compared with those in patients with normally developed OSCC by microarray analysis. A total of 3 patients with BM stem cell-derived OSCC exhibited a specific pattern of gene expression. Following cluster analysis by the probes identified on BM stem cell-derived OSCC, 2 patients with normally developed OSCC were included in the cluster of BM stem cell-derived OSCC. If the genes that could discriminate the origin of OSCC were identified, OSCCs were classified into the three aforementioned categories. If diagnosis can be performed based on the origin of the cancer cells, a more specific therapeutic strategy may be implemented to improve prognosis. This would be a paradigm shift in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichi Nakashiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Chonji Fukumoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hyodo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yuta Sawatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Michiko Shimura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Ryouta Kamimura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kuribayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Daisuke Uchida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kawamata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
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Castillo-Martin M, Gladoun N, Han D, Firpo-Betancourt A, Silva JM, Cordon-Cardo C. Transformed bone marrow cells generate neoplasms of distinct histogenesis. a murine model of cancer transplantation. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101637. [PMID: 31731181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The last several years have witnessed renewed interest regarding the contribution of cancer stem cells in tumorigenesis and neoplastic heterogeneity. It has been reported that patients who undergo bone marrow transplantation are more prone to develop a malignancy during their life time; usually hematological tumors, but solid neoplasms may also develop, which in certain instances are donor-derived. It has also been well documented that multipotent bone marrow derived cells can migrate to diverse organs, differentiating into various histological lineages. The present study reports an experimental syngeneic transplantation model, using fluorescently tagged bone marrow cells from p53 null male mice into female wild-type counterparts. We found that transplanted non-neoplastic mutant bone marrow cells can generate tumors of distinct histogenesis, including thymic lymphomas, sarcomas, and carcinomas after carcinogen induction, providing evidence that multipotent cancer-prone stem cells can reside in the bone marrow and are transplantable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Castillo-Martin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nataliya Gladoun
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jose M Silva
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Esophagectomy for the patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 25:82-88. [PMID: 31549271 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has increased recently. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma occurs at a particularly high incidence as a secondary cancer after HSCT. However, standard treatment for these patients has not been established yet. The objectives of this study were to investigate outcomes of esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma developed in HSCT patients, and to provide the appropriate perioperative management. METHODS Ten HSCT patients underwent esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma between December 2007 and September 2017 at the National Cancer Center Hospital. The surgical outcomes and long-term prognosis of these patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS In the former group, 5 of the 7 patients (71.4%) developed pneumonia after esophagectomy, with two of them requiring intubation because of respiratory failure. None of the three patients of the latter group, who received broad-spectrum antibiotics for more than 7 days after the surgery, developed any postoperative complications. The estimated survival probability of these patients at 5 years after the surgery was 53.3%. CONCLUSIONS HSCT patients have an extremely high risk of developing pneumonia after esophagectomy, and the condition can easily become serious. Therefore, broad-spectrum antibiotics should be administered prophylactically to prevent severe pneumonia during the perioperative period in these patients.
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Weng X, Xing Y, Cheng B. Multiple and Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity After Graft-Versus-Host Disease. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:1899-1905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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I T, Sumita Y, Minamizato T, Umebayashi M, Liu Y, Tran SD, Asahina I. Bone Marrow-derived Cell Therapy for Oral Mucosal Repair after Irradiation. J Dent Res 2014; 93:813-20. [PMID: 24980658 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514541124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (ulcer) is a serious and painful side effect for patients with head and neck cancer following radiation therapy. However, current clinical strategies cannot efficiently prevent the occurrence of oral mucositis. In this study, we investigated whether bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) prevented the occurrence and/or decreased the severity of radiation-induced oral mucositis. Fresh concentrated BMDCs from male C3H mice were transplanted intravenously into female mice after tongue irradiation. For 14 days postirradiation, the changes of body weight and the time courses of ulceration were observed. Until the ulcer reached maximum size (7 days postirradiation), macroscopic and histologic analyses of harvested tongues were performed to detect the behavior of donor BMDCs. Between 2 and 5 days postirradiation, BMDCs-transplanted mice showed more expression of stem cell markers (c-Kit, Sca-1) and EGFR and fewer apoptotic cells when compared with nontransplanted control mice (irradiation group). On day 7, there were fewer and smaller ulcers observed in the BMDCs-transplanted group. Tongues of these mice had preserved their epithelial thickness, and regenerative activities (blood vessels formation, cell proliferation) were higher than they were in the irradiation group. Fluorescently labeled BMDCs were not detected in tongue epithelium but rather in connective tissue (dermis) just below the basal cell layer. These findings suggest that exogenous BMDCs behave to reduce radiogenic oral mucositis in a paracrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- T I
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Y Sumita
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Minamizato
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Umebayashi
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Y Liu
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S D Tran
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - I Asahina
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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