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Ma Y, Liu X, Zhou M, Sun W, Jiang B, Liu Q, Wang M, Zou Y, Liu Q, Gong Y, Sun G. CUL4B mutations impair human cortical neurogenesis through PP2A-dependent inhibition of AKT and ERK. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:121. [PMID: 38331954 PMCID: PMC10853546 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mutation in CUL4B gene is one of the most common causes for X-linked intellectual disability (XLID). CUL4B is the scaffold protein in CUL4B-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL4B) complex. While the roles of CUL4B in cancer progression and some developmental processes like adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and spermatogenesis have been studied, the mechanisms underlying the neurological disorders in patients with CUL4B mutations are poorly understood. Here, using 2D neuronal culture and cerebral organoids generated from the patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and their isogenic controls, we demonstrate that CUL4B is required to prevent premature cell cycle exit and precocious neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells. Moreover, loss-of-function mutations of CUL4B lead to increased synapse formation and enhanced neuronal excitability. Mechanistically, CRL4B complex represses transcription of PPP2R2B and PPP2R2C genes, which encode two isoforms of the regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) complex, through catalyzing monoubiquitination of H2AK119 in their promoter regions. CUL4B mutations result in upregulated PP2A activity, which causes inhibition of AKT and ERK, leading to premature cell cycle exit. Activation of AKT and ERK or inhibition of PP2A activity in CUL4B mutant organoids rescues the neurogenesis defect. Our work unveils an essential role of CUL4B in human cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Baichun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Molin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yongxin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Gongping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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2
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Finan JM, Sutton TL, Dixon DA, Brody JR. Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein HuR in Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3507-3516. [PMID: 37683260 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) is a well-established regulator of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various human diseases, particularly cancer. In cancer, HuR is considered "active" when it shows increased subcellular localization in the cytoplasm, in addition to its normal nuclear localization. Cytoplasmic HuR plays a crucial role in stabilizing and enhancing the translation of prosurvival mRNAs that are involved in stress responses relevant to cancer progression, such as hypoxia, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In general, due to HuR's abundance and function in cancer cells compared with normal cells, it is an appealing target for oncology research. Exploiting the principles underlying HuR's role in tumorigenesis and resistance to stressors, targeting HuR has the potential for synergy with existing and novel oncologic therapies. This review aims to explore HuR's role in homeostasis and cancer pathophysiology, as well as current targeting strategies, which include silencing HuR expression, preventing its translocation and dimerization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and inhibiting mRNA binding. Furthermore, this review will discuss recent studies investigating the potential synergy between HuR inhibition and traditional chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Finan
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Thomas L Sutton
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Dan A Dixon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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3
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Gu S, Lin C, Li Y, Wei Z, Cao B, Shen Z, Deng H. Neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 sensitizes head and neck squamous carcinoma cells to (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:326. [PMID: 37689760 PMCID: PMC10492332 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. Targeted therapeutic drugs for HNSCC are still being explored. Among them, (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT), a specific inhibitor of TOP1, functions by DNA double-strand breaks that can inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death subsequently. Previous studies have reported that MLN4924 exerts potent anti-tumor effects by inhibiting cullin-RING ligases and causing substrate accumulation in a variety of cancers. Here, we show that MLN4924 effectively causes dose-dependent accumulation of topoisomerase I (TOP1) and blocks TOP1 ubiquitination. Importantly, neddylation inhibition with MLN4924 acts synergistically with 10-HCPT to suppress cell growth, migration and apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing shows that the cytotoxic effects of the combination of MLN4924 and 10-HCPT may involve activation of the NFKB1 pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that combined treatment with MLN4924 and 10-HCPT may be an effective strategy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanguo Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhengyu Wei
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Liu YS, Song JW, Zhong WX, Yuan MH, Guo YR, Peng C, Guo L, Guo YP. Dual Drug-Loaded Nanoliposomes Encapsulating Curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil with Advanced Medicinal Applications: Self-Monitoring and Antitumor Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114353. [PMID: 37298829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the presence of physiological barriers, it is difficult to achieve the desired therapeutic efficacy of drugs; thus, it is necessary to develop an efficient drug delivery system that enables advanced functions such as self-monitoring. Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally functional polyphenol whose effectiveness is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability, and its natural fluorescent properties are often overlooked. Therefore, we aimed to improve the antitumor activity and drug uptake monitoring by simultaneously delivering CUR and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in the form of liposomes. In this study, dual drug-loaded liposomes (FC-DP-Lip) encapsulating CUR and 5-FU were prepared by the thin-film hydration method; their physicochemical properties were characterized; and their biosafety, drug uptake distribution in vivo, and tumor cell toxicity were evaluated. The results showed that the nanoliposome FC-DP-Lip showed good morphology, stability, and drug encapsulation efficiency. It showed good biocompatibility, with no side effects on zebrafish embryonic development. In vivo uptake in zebrafish showed that FC-DP-Lip has a long circulation time and presents gastrointestinal accumulation. In addition, FC-DP-Lip was cytotoxic against a variety of cancer cells. This work showed that FC-DP-Lip nanoliposomes can enhance the toxicity of 5-FU to cancer cells, demonstrating safety and efficiency, and enabling real-time self-monitoring functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jia-Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ming-Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Rou Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Liu Z, Xu Y, Guo L, Li X, Gao J, Xie W, Zhao L, Teng Y, Li X, Yu P. Development of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin-crizotinib conjugate based on the synergistic effect on lung cancer cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:1-11. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2132487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lvqian Guo
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Li
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Junling Gao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Weiran Xie
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lianbo Zhao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuou Teng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Central Laboratory, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Medical Key Laboratory of Hereditary Rare Diseases of Henan; Luoyang Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
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6
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Yang Q, Zhai X, Lv Y. A Bibliometric Analysis of Triptolide and the Recent Advances in Treating Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878726. [PMID: 35721205 PMCID: PMC9198653 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, natural products derived from plants and their derivatives have attracted great interest in the field of disease treatment. Triptolide is a tricyclic diterpene extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has shown excellent therapeutic potential in the fields of immune inflammation and cancer treatment. In this study, 1,106 Web-of-Science-indexed manuscripts and 1,160 Chinese-National-Knowledge-Infrastructure-indexed manuscripts regarding triptolide published between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed, mapping the co-occurrence networks of keywords and clusters using CiteSpace software. The research frontier and development trend were determined by keyword frequency and cluster analysis, which can be used to predict the future research development of triptolide. Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is most common in lung cancer patients, accounting for about 80% of all lung cancer patients. New evidence suggests that triptolide effectively inhibits the development and metastasis of NSCLC by the induction of apoptosis, reversion of EMT, and regulation of gene expression. Specifically, it acts on NF-κB, MAPKs, P53, Wnt/β-catenin, and microRNAs (miRNAs), signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms. Consequently, this article reviews the research progress of the anti-NSCLC effect of triptolide. In addition, attenuated studies on triptolide and the potential of tumor immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Lv
- *Correspondence: Xuejia Zhai, ; Yi Lv,
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7
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Yang D, Zhu L, Lin X, Zhu J, Qian Y, Liu W, Chen J, Zhou C, He J. Therapeutic Effects of Synthetic Triblock Amphiphilic Short Antimicrobial Peptides on Human Lung Adenocarcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050929. [PMID: 35631515 PMCID: PMC9143638 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their unique properties, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a potential reservoir of novel anticancer therapeutic agents. However, only a few AMPs can kill tumors with high efficiency, and obtaining inexpensive anticancer AMPs with strong activity is still a challenge. In our previous work, a series of original short amphiphilic triblock AMP (KnFmKn) analogues were developed which were demonstrated to exert excellent effects on bacterial infection, both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, the overall objectives were to assess the potent tumoricidal capacities of these analogues against human lung cancer cell line A549 and the underlying mechanism. The results of the CCK-8 assay revealed that the precise modification of the peptides’ primary sequences could modulate their tumoricidal potency. In the tumoricidal progress, positive charge and hydrophobicity were the key driving forces. Among these peptides, K4F6K4 displayed the most remarkable tumoricidal activity. Furthermore, the excellent anticancer capacity of K4F6K4 was proven by the live/dead cell staining, colony formation assay, and tumor growth observations on xenografted mice, which indicated that K4F6K4 might be a promising drug candidate for lung cancer, with no significant adverse effects in vitro or in vivo. In addition, the cell apoptosis assay using flow cytometry, the morphology observations using the optical microscope, confocal microscopy using CellMask™ Deep Red staining, and scanning electron microscope suggested that membrane disruption was the primary mechanism of its antitumor action. Through analyzing the structure–activity relationship, it was found that the amount of positive charge required for KnFmKn to exert its optimal tumoricidal effect was more than that needed for the antimicrobial activity, while the optimal proportion of hydrophobicity was less. Our findings suggest that further analysis of the structure–activity relationship of AMPs’ primary sequence variations will be beneficial. Hopefully, this work can provide guiding principles in designing peptide-based therapeutics for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjing Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Xiangyu Lin
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Yusheng Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Chuncai Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.Y.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (J.H.)
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8
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Sun R, Dai J, Ling M, Yu L, Yu Z, Tang L. Delivery of triptolide: a combination of traditional Chinese medicine and nanomedicine. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:194. [PMID: 35443712 PMCID: PMC9020428 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a natural product with various biological activities, triptolide (TP) has been reported in anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-autoimmune studies. However, the narrow therapeutic window, poor water solubility, and fast metabolism limit its wide clinical application. To reduce its adverse effects and enhance its efficacy, research and design of targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS) based on nanomaterials is one of the most viable strategies at present. This review summarizes the reports and studies of TDDS combined with TP in recent years, including passive and active targeting of drug delivery systems, and specific delivery system strategies such as polymeric micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and stimulus-responsive polymer nanoparticles. The reviewed literature presented herein indicates that TDDS is a multifunctional and efficient method for the delivery of TP. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of TDDS are sorted out, aiming to provide reference for the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and advanced nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingyue Dai
- Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingjian Ling
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Longguang Tang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, 525200, China.
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Idelfonso-García OG, Alarcón-Sánchez BR, Vásquez-Garzón VR, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R, Villa-Treviño S, Muriel P, Serrano H, Pérez-Carreón JI, Arellanes-Robledo J. Is Nucleoredoxin a Master Regulator of Cellular Redox Homeostasis? Its Implication in Different Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040670. [PMID: 35453355 PMCID: PMC9030443 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoredoxin (NXN), an oxidoreductase enzyme, contributes to cellular redox homeostasis by regulating different signaling pathways in a redox-dependent manner. By interacting with seven proteins so far, namely disheveled (DVL), protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), translocation protein SEC63 homolog (SEC63), myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88 (MYD88), flightless-I (FLII), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II type alpha (CAMK2A), NXN is involved in the regulation of several key cellular processes, including proliferation, organogenesis, cell cycle progression, glycolysis, innate immunity and inflammation, motility, contraction, protein transport into the endoplasmic reticulum, neuronal plasticity, among others; as a result, NXN has been implicated in different pathologies, such as cancer, alcoholic and polycystic liver disease, liver fibrogenesis, obesity, Robinow syndrome, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and retinitis pigmentosa. Together, this evidence places NXN as a strong candidate to be a master redox regulator of cell physiology and as the hub of different redox-sensitive signaling pathways and associated pathologies. This review summarizes and discusses the current insights on NXN-dependent redox regulation and its implication in different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osiris Germán Idelfonso-García
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Brisa Rodope Alarcón-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez-Garzón
- Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, ‘Benito Juárez’ Autonomous University of Oaxaca–UABJO, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (V.R.V.-G.); (R.B.-H.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, ‘Benito Juárez’ Autonomous University of Oaxaca–UABJO, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (V.R.V.-G.); (R.B.-H.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Saúl Villa-Treviño
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Serrano
- Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5350-1900 (ext. 1218)
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Gomez Rodriguez Y, Oliva Arguelles B, Riera-Romo M, Fernandez-De-Cossio J, Garay HE, Fernandez Masso J, Guerra Vallespi M. Synergic effect of anticancer peptide CIGB-552 and Cisplatin in lung cancer models. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3197-3212. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Yin S, Chen Y, Tong H, Li T, Qin Z, Zhu J, He W. PP2A promotes apoptosis and facilitates docetaxel sensitivity via the PP2A/p‑eIF4B/XIAP signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:101. [PMID: 35154432 PMCID: PMC8822497 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a protein that has a wide range of biological functions. As prostate cancer progresses from hormone-sensitive prostate cancer to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the expression level of PP2A has been found to decrease. The present study aimed to determine the roles that PP2A may play in prostate cancer and its association with the downstream factor, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). First, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PP2A in LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines were measured. Next, the population of PP2A heterodimers was increased using a PP2A agonist, DT061, in the DU145 and PC-3 cell lines. PP2A expression was then knocked down in the LNCaP cell line. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the association between PP2A, phosphorylated (p)-eukaryotic initiation factor 4B (eIF4B) and XIAP. The results revealed that following the increase in PP2A expression, the DU145 and PC-3 cell lines were more sensitive to docetaxel according to Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and had an increased apoptotic rate as assessed by flow cytometry. Conversely, following the transfection of small interfering (si)PP2A into the LNCaP cell line, the sensitivity to docetaxel decreased, as well as the apoptotic rate. In addition, following treatment with the PP2A agonist, DT061, PP2A expression was found to be significantly upregulated, while p-eIF4B and XIAP protein expression levels were significantly downregulated. By contrast, following the transfection of siPP2A into the LNCaP cell line, PP2A protein expression levels were found to be downregulated, while p-eIF4B and XIAP expression levels were significantly upregulated. In conclusion, by affecting the downstream factor XIAP, PP2A may play a key role in promoting apoptosis and facilitating docetaxel sensitivity in prostate cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hang Tong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tinghao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zijia Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Junlong Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Weiyang He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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12
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Savier E, Simon-Gracia L, Charlotte F, Tuffery P, Teesalu T, Scatton O, Rebollo A. Bi-Functional Peptides as a New Therapeutic Tool for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101631. [PMID: 34683924 PMCID: PMC8541685 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The interfering peptides that block protein–protein interactions have been receiving increasing attention as potential therapeutic tools. Methods: We measured the internalization and biological effect of four bi-functional tumor-penetrating and interfering peptides into primary hepatocytes isolated from three non-malignant and 11 hepatocellular carcinomas. Results: These peptides are internalized in malignant hepatocytes but not in non-malignant cells. Furthermore, the degree of peptide internalization correlated with receptor expression level and tumor aggressiveness levels. Importantly, penetration of the peptides iRGD-IP, LinTT1-IP, TT1-IP, and RPARPAR-IP induced apoptosis of the malignant hepatocytes without effect on non-malignant cells. Conclusion: Receptor expression levels correlated with the level of peptide internalization and aggressiveness of the tumor. This study highlights the potential to exploit the expression of tumor-penetrating peptide receptors as a predictive marker of liver tumor aggressiveness. These bi-functional peptides could be developed for personalized tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Savier
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, AP-HP, Pitié–Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (E.S.); (O.S.)
- Sant Antoine Research Center (CRSA), Institut Nationale de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Lorena Simon-Gracia
- Laboratory of Precision and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.-G.); (T.T.)
| | - Frederic Charlotte
- Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Pitié–Salpêtrière Hospital, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Pierre Tuffery
- Biologie Fontionelle Adaptative (BFA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8251, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ERL U1133, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Laboratory of Precision and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.-G.); (T.T.)
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Olivier Scatton
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, AP-HP, Pitié–Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (E.S.); (O.S.)
- Sant Antoine Research Center (CRSA), Institut Nationale de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Angelita Rebollo
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité des Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé (UTCBS), Inserm U1267, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR8258, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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ERK: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer. ERK-Dependent Apoptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102509. [PMID: 34685488 PMCID: PMC8533760 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes as exemplified by cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Activation of ERK1/2 generally promotes cell proliferation, and its deregulated activity is a hallmark of many cancers. Therefore, components and regulators of the ERK pathway are considered potential therapeutic targets for cancer, and inhibitors of this pathway, including some MEK and BRAF inhibitors, are already being used in the clinic. Notably, ERK1/2 kinases also have pro-apoptotic functions under certain conditions and enhanced ERK1/2 signaling can cause tumor cell death. Although the repertoire of the compounds which mediate ERK activation and apoptosis is expanding, and various anti-cancer compounds induce ERK activation while exerting their anti-proliferative effects, the mechanisms underlying ERK1/2-mediated cell death are still vague. Recent studies highlight the importance of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in determining the pro- versus anti-apoptotic function of ERK in cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent major findings in understanding the role of ERK in apoptosis, focusing on the major compounds mediating ERK-dependent apoptosis. Studies that further define the molecular targets of these compounds relevant to cell death will be essential to harnessing these compounds for developing effective cancer treatments.
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14
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Kumar C, Sharma R, Repaka KM, Pareri AU, Dash A. Camptothecin enhances 131I-rituximab-induced G1-arrest and apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma cells. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:943-950. [PMID: 34528546 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1012_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20. It is an established immunotherapeutic agent for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Even though rituximab has been used in clinics for decades, only 50% of the patients respond to rituximab therapy. To enhance the in vitro effect of rituximab, it was labeled with Iodine-131 (131I) and combined effect of 131I-rituximab and camptothecin (CPT) was studied on a tumor cell line expressing CD20. Objective The aim is to study the magnitude of cell killing and the underlying mechanism responsible for enhancing in vitro therapeutic efficacy. Materials and Methods Rituximab was labeled with 131I by the iodogen method. Raji cells were pretreated with CPT (250 nM) for an hour followed by 131I-rituximab (0.37 and 3.7 MBq) and incubated for 24 h in a humidified atmosphere of CO2 incubator at 37°C. Subsequently, Raji cells were harvested and thoroughly washed to carry out studies of cellular toxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Results Maximal inhibition of cell proliferation and enhancement of apoptotic cell death was observed in the cells treated with the combination of CPT and 131I-rituximab, compared to controls of CPT-treated and 131I-rituximab-treated cells. Raji cells undergo G1 arrest after 131I-rituximab treatment, which leads to apoptosis and was confirmed by the downregulation of bclxl protein. Expression of p38 was decreased while an increase in phosphorylation of p38 was observed in the combination treatment of CPT and 131I-rituximab. Conclusions It was concluded from the findings that CPT enhanced 131I-rituximab-induced apoptosis, G1 cell cycle arrest and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in Raji cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Repaka
- Radiopharmaceutical Quality Control Program, Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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15
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2-phenylethynesulfonamide inhibits growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by blocking the function of heat shock protein 70. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222262. [PMID: 32110810 PMCID: PMC7069914 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, which accounts for >90% of all diagnosed oral cancers. 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) was known as a selective heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) function inhibitor, which induced cytotoxic effects on various tumor cell types, but showed to be less toxic to normal cells. However, no associated evaluation of PES on OSCC was found. In the present study, the proliferation of OSCC cells treated with PES was analyzed using a CCK-8 assay. The effects of PES on the cell cycle and apoptosis of OSCC cells were determined by flow cytometric analyses. Expression of associated protein was determined by Western blot analysis. The results of the present study showed that PES inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cell lines in vivo and in vitro. PES induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle of OSCC cells. PES inhibited the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2 (c-IAP1), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). Additionally, knockdown of Hsp70 enhanced the effects of PES. By contrast, overexpression of Hsp70 attenuated the inhibitory effects of PES on cell viability. PES disrupted the interaction between Hsp70 and XIAP. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PES suppresses the growth of OSCC cells through Hsp70-dependent mechanism.
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16
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Wen T, Song L, Hua S. Perspectives and controversies regarding the use of natural products for the treatment of lung cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2396-2422. [PMID: 33650320 PMCID: PMC7982634 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality both in men and women and accounts for 18.4% of all cancer‐related deaths. Although advanced therapy methods have been developed, the prognosis of lung cancer patients remains extremely poor. Over the past few decades, clinicians and researchers have found that chemical compounds extracted from natural products may be useful for treating lung cancer. Drug formulations derived from natural compounds, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, have been successfully used as chemotherapeutics for lung cancer. In recent years, hundreds of new natural compounds that can be used to treat lung cancer have been found through basic and sub‐clinical research. However, there has not been a corresponding increase in the number of drugs that have been used in a clinical setting. The probable reasons may include low solubility, limited absorption, unfavorable metabolism, and severe side effects. In this review, we present a summary of the natural compounds that have been proven to be effective for the treatment of lung cancer, as well as an understanding of the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects. We have also highlighted current controversies and have attempted to provide solutions for the clinical translation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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17
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Abstract
Multiple research groups have demonstrated that the outcome of patients receiving liver grafts from brain death donors (DBD) is poorer when compared with patients receiving grafts from living donors. This might be due to an increased hepatocyte apoptosis induced after brain death (BD). In this work, we found that the activity of PP2A-Akt pathway is significantly increased in clinical donor ex vivo hepatocytes after BD by iTRAQ protein quantification analysis. The same results were confirmed in animal models. A time-dependent promotion of apoptosis was also found in DBD rabbit liver, as demonstrated by the increased levels of cleaved Caspase 3 and the decreased of Bcl-2. To further investigate the roles of PP2A and Akt in regulating apoptosis of hepatocytes after BD, we cultivated human liver cell line L02 with serum deprivation and hypoxia, to simulate the ischemic and hypoxic conditions of hepatocytes in DBD. Increased apoptosis and decreased viability were observed during the time in this model. Meanwhile PP2A activity and Akt activity were respectively increased and decreased. Notably, the proportion of Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 decreased, while other known targets of PP2A (p38, JNK and ERK) were not affected in terms of protein levels or phosphorylation. These results suggested that PP2A is involved in apoptotic induction of hepatocytes after brain death by specific suppression of Akt. This discovery was further confirmed with pharmaceutical and genetic methods. Our work implied potential targets for reducing liver cell apoptosis and improving organ donor quality after BD.
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18
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Philips BJ, Kumar A, Burki S, Ryan JP, Noda K, D'Cunha J. Triptolide-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer via a novel miR204-5p/Caveolin-1/Akt-mediated pathway. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2793-2806. [PMID: 32733649 PMCID: PMC7367654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies world-wide with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising nearly 80% of all cases. Unfortunately, many lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease with an associated poor prognosis. Recently, the Chinese herb root extract Triptolide/Minnelide (TL) has shown significant promise as a therapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of action regarding TL-induced cytotoxicity in NSCLC. We demonstrate that triptolide treatment of A549 and H460 NSCLC cells decreases Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) mRNA/protein expression, resulting in activation of the Akt/Bcl-2-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. CAV-1 down-regulation was triggered by Micro-RNA 204-5p (miR204-5p) up-regulation and could be significantly blocked by pre-treatment with both Sirt-1/Sirt-3 specific siRNA and SIRT-1/SIRT-3 enzyme inhibitors, EX-527 and nicotinamide. Overall, our results provide evidence for a novel mechanism by which TL exerts its cytotoxic effects on NSCLC via CAV-1 down-regulation. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate a pivotal role for TL induction of the Akt/Bax pathway in apoptosis of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Philips
- Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Burki
- Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John P Ryan
- Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Division of Lung Transplantation and Lung Failure, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan D'Cunha
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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19
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Wang J, Zhang ZQ, Li FQ, Chen JN, Gong X, Cao BB, Wang W. Triptolide interrupts rRNA synthesis and induces the RPL23‑MDM2‑p53 pathway to repress lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1863-1874. [PMID: 32236588 PMCID: PMC7160537 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has one of the highest mortalities of any cancer worldwide. Triptolide (TP) is a promising tumor suppressor extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii. Our previous proteomics analysis revealed that TP significantly interfered with the ribosome biogenesis pathway; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the molecular mechanism of TP's anticancer effect by investigating the association between ribosomal stress and p53 activation. It was found that TP induces nucleolar disintegration together with RNA polymerase I (Pol I) and upstream binding factor (UBF) translocation. TP interrupted ribosomal (r)RNA synthesis through inhibition of RNA Pol I and UBF transcriptional activation. TP treatment increased the binding of ribosomal protein L23 (RPL23) to mouse double minute 2 protein (MDM2), resulting in p53 being released from MDM2 and stabilized. Activation of p53 induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by enhancing the activation of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis, caspase 9 and caspase 3, and suppressing BCL2. In vivo experiments showed that TP significantly reduced xenograft tumor size and increased mouse body weight. Immunohistochemical assays confirmed that TP significantly increased the p53 level and induced nucleolus disintegration, during which nucleolin distribution moved from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm, and RPL23 clustered at the edge of the cell membrane. Therefore, it was proposed that TP induces ribosomal stress, which leads to nucleolus disintegration, and inhibition of rRNA transcription and synthesis, resulting in increased binding of RPL23 with MDM2. Consequently, p53 is activated, which induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qian Zhang
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Qiong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Bei Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Linan District People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
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20
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Li F, Cui H, Jin X, Gong X, Wang W, Wang J. Triptolide inhibits epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and induces apoptosis in gefitinib‑resistant lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1569-1579. [PMID: 32323848 PMCID: PMC7107945 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), gefitinib, is used widely to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-activating mutations. Unfortunately, the acquired drug resistance promoted by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markedly limits the clinical effects and remains a major barrier to a cure. Our previous isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomics analysis revealed that the E-cadherin protein level was markedly upregulated by triptolide (TP). The present study aimed to determine whether TP reverses the gefitinib resistance of human lung cancer cells by regulating EMT. It was revealed that TP combined with gefitinib synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549; the combination treatment had a significantly better outcome than that of TP and gefitinib alone. Moreover, TP effectively increased the sensitivity of drug resistant A549 cells to gefitinib by upregulating E-cadherin protein expression and downregulating the MMP9, SNAIL, and vimentin expression levels. The dysregulated E-cadherin expression of gefitinib-sensitive cells induced gefitinib resistance, which could be overcome by TP. Finally, TP combined with gefitinib significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors induced using gefitinib-resistant A549 cells, which was associated with EMT reversal and E-cadherin signaling activation in vivo. The present results indicated that the combination of TP and TKIs may be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat patients with NSCLCs harboring EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqiong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Huaizhong Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, XiXi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
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The Application of Nanotechnology in the Codelivery of Active Constituents of Plants and Chemotherapeutics for Overcoming Physiological Barriers during Antitumor Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9083068. [PMID: 31915707 PMCID: PMC6930735 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9083068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antitumor therapy using a combination of drugs has shown increased clinical efficacy. Active constituents derived from plants can offer several advantages, such as high efficiacy, low toxicity, extensive effects, and multiple targets. At present, the combination of plants' active constituents and chemotherapeutic drugs has attracted increased attention. Nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) have been widely used in tumor-targeted therapy because of their efficacy of delivering antitumor drugs. The in vivo process of tumor-targeted NDDSs has several steps. They include blood circulation, tumor accumulation and penetration, target cell internalization and uptake, and drug release and drug response. In each step, NDDSs encounter multiple barriers that prevent their effective delivery to target sites. Studies have been performed to find alternative strategies to overcome these barriers. We reviewed the recent progress of codelivery of active constituents of plants and chemotherapeutics using NDDSs. Progress into transversing the physiological barriers for more effective in vivo antitumor delivery will be discussed in this review.
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22
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Qiang Y, Ma F, Wang Z, Nie Z, Xu L, Ding P, Ma X. LukS-PV induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through p38/ERK MAPK signaling pathway in NSCLC cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:846-852. [PMID: 31708104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for nearly 85% of lung cancer cases. LukS-PV, one of the two components of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), is produced by Staphylococcus aureus. The present study showed that LukS-PV can induce apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) lines (THP-1 and HL-60). However, the role of LukS-PV in NSCLC is unclear. In this study, we treated NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460 and a normal lung cell line, 16HBE, with LukS-PV and investigated the biological roles of LukS-PV in NSCLC. Cells were treated with varying concentrations of LukS-PV and cell viability was evaluated by CCK8 and EdU assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and analyze the cell cycle, and the expression of apoptosis and cell cycle-associated proteins and genes were identified by western blotting analysis and qRT-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. We found that LukS-PV inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells but had little cytotoxicity in normal lung cells. LukS-PV induced NSCLC cell apoptosis and increased the BAX/BCL-2 ratio, triggering S-phase arrest in A549 and H460 cells while increasing P21 expression and decreasing CDK2, cyclin D1, and cyclin A2 expression. We also observed increased P-p38 and P-ERK in NSCLC cells treated with LukS-PV. Treatment of NSCLC with LukS-PV combined with p38 and ERK inhibitors reversed the pro-apoptotic and pro-cell cycle arrest effects of LukS-PV. Overall, these findings indicate that LukS-PV has anti-tumor effects in NSCLC and may contribute to the development of anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Qiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziran Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengchao Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liangfei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pengsheng Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Luo H, Vong CT, Chen H, Gao Y, Lyu P, Qiu L, Zhao M, Liu Q, Cheng Z, Zou J, Yao P, Gao C, Wei J, Ung COL, Wang S, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Naturally occurring anti-cancer compounds: shining from Chinese herbal medicine. Chin Med 2019; 14:48. [PMID: 31719837 PMCID: PMC6836491 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous natural products originated from Chinese herbal medicine exhibit anti-cancer activities, including anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic effects, as well as regulate autophagy, reverse multidrug resistance, balance immunity, and enhance chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. To provide new insights into the critical path ahead, we systemically reviewed the most recent advances (reported since 2011) on the key compounds with anti-cancer effects derived from Chinese herbal medicine (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, berberine, artemisinin, ginsenoside Rg3, ursolic acid, silibinin, emodin, triptolide, cucurbitacin B, tanshinone I, oridonin, shikonin, gambogic acid, artesunate, wogonin, β-elemene, and cepharanthine) in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Clinical Trials). With a broader perspective, we focused on their recently discovered and/or investigated pharmacological effects, novel mechanism of action, relevant clinical studies, and their innovative applications in combined therapy and immunomodulation. In addition, the present review has extended to describe other promising compounds including dihydroartemisinin, ginsenoside Rh2, compound K, cucurbitacins D, E, I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in view of their potentials in cancer therapy. Up to now, the evidence about the immunomodulatory effects and clinical trials of natural anti-cancer compounds from Chinese herbal medicine is very limited, and further research is needed to monitor their immunoregulatory effects and explore their mechanisms of action as modulators of immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Luo
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peng Lyu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zehua Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Peifen Yao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jinchao Wei
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Skullcapflavone I suppresses proliferation of human lung cancer cells via down-regulating microRNA-21. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 110:104285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wei J, Yan Y, Chen X, Qian L, Zeng S, Li Z, Dai S, Gong Z, Xu Z. The Roles of Plant-Derived Triptolide on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncol Res 2019; 27:849-858. [PMID: 30982492 PMCID: PMC7848329 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15447833065047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, natural compounds have been proven to be effective against many human diseases, including cancers. Triptolide (TPL), a diterpenoid triepoxide from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has exhibited attractive cytotoxic activity on several cancer cells. An increasing number of studies have emphasized the antitumor effects of TPL on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we mainly focused on the key molecular signaling pathways that lead to the inhibitory effects of TPL on human NSCLC, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) modulation, inhibition of NF-κB activation, suppression of miRNA expression, etc. In addition, the effect of TIG on immune response in cancer patients is summarized for improved immune modulation utilization. However, the clinical use of TPL is often limited by its severe toxicity and water insolubility. Future clinical trials and drug delivery strategies that will evaluate the security and validate the underlying tumor-killing properties of TPL in human NSCLC are also to be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Long Qian
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- ‡Center for Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Dai
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- *Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- †National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- §Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Xu F, Lin D, Jiang W, Meng L, Xu Y, Wang C, Wang X, He H, Xu D, Zhu Y. HSP70 inhibitor VER155008 suppresses pheochromocytoma cell and xenograft growth by inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2585-2594. [PMID: 31934086 PMCID: PMC6949580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
According to the most recent World Health Organization classification, all pheochromocytomas have metastatic potential. Up until now there has been an absence of effective therapeutic methods to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, especially in metastatic foci. Therefore, the discovery of new and effective drugs is urgently needed. Because overexpression of HSP70 frequently occurs in a variety of tumor tissues, VER155008, a new inhibitor targeting HSP70, has shown an anti-tumor effect through inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways, both of which are closely connected with pheochromocytoma proliferation, migration, and biologic behaviors. In our research, we reveal that VER155008 can reduce proliferation of the pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 and induce apoptosis at a relatively low dose. Most importantly, VER155008 can effectively suppress cell migration and invasion. Subsequently, drug-effect mechanisms of VER155008 were further detected by western blot, and we found that VER155008 exhibited an anti-tumor effect through down-regulating phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Finally, the above phenomena were further confirmed in a mouse model in vivo, and the results showed that the drug significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth. In summary, VER155008 is a potential and promising effective drug for treating patients with pheochromocytoma, and furthermore, it could delay/inhibit tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Dengqiang Lin
- Department of Urology, Xiamen Hospital of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yunze Xu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Chenghe Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hongchao He
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Danfeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
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Interferon-inducible cytoplasmic lncLrrc55-AS promotes antiviral innate responses by strengthening IRF3 phosphorylation. Cell Res 2019; 29:641-654. [PMID: 31213650 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) production is efficiently induced to ensure a potent innate immune response to viral infection. How this response can be enhanced, however, remains to be explored. Here, we identify a new cytoplasmic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), lncLrrc55-AS, that drives a positive feedback loop to promote interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) signaling and IFN-I production. We show that lncLrrc55-AS is virus-induced in multiple cell types via the IFN-JAK-STAT pathway. LncLrrc55-AS-deficient mice display a weakened antiviral immune response and are more susceptible to viral challenge. Mechanistically, lncLrrc55-AS binds phosphatase methylesterase 1 (PME-1), and promotes the interaction between PME-1 and the phosphatase PP2A, an inhibitor of IRF3 signaling. LncLrrc55-AS supports PME-1-mediated demethylation and inactivation of PP2A, thereby enhancing IRF3 phosphorylation and signaling. Loss of PME-1 phenocopies lncLrrc55-AS deficiency, leading to diminished IRF3 phosphorylation and IFN-I production. We have identified an IFN-induced lncRNA as a positive regulator of IFN-I production, adding mechanistic insight into lncRNA-mediated regulation of signaling in innate immunity and inflammation.
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Wang T, Ding Y, Yang Y, Wang Z, Gao W, Li D, Wei J, Sun Y. Synergistic antitumour effects of triptolide plus 10-hydroxycamptothecin onbladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108899. [PMID: 31063955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) is used as a clinical chemotherapy regimen to treat bladder cancer, but more efficacious novel combination treatments are needed. METHODS Cultured bladder cancer cell lines EJ and UMUC3 were treated with triptolide (TPL) and/or HCPT. A flow cytometry approach was used to detect cell cycle phase, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species. Western blotting was used to measure CDK4, CDK6, CyclinD1, catalase, Caspase8 and Bcl-xl protein levels in control, TPL treatment, HCPT treatment and TPL plus HCPT treatment bladder cancer cells. AKT pathway proteins, including AKT and p-AKT, were also detected by western blotting. UMUC3 cells treated with DMSO, HCPT, TPL and HCPT plus TPL were injected subcutaneously into mice (n = 3 per group). RESULTS The flow cytometry and western blot results indicated that compared to TPL or HCPT treatment alone, combination treatment of HCPT and TPL significantly induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase via suppressing CDK4, CDK6 and CyclinD1 in the EJ and UMUC3 bladder cancer cell lines. HCPT and TPL combination treatment also significantly increased the apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related protein levels (Caspase8 and Bcl-xl). Levels of the AKT pathway-related proteins AKT/p-AKT were significantly lower in EJ and UMUC3 cells treated with TPL and UMUC3 than in those cells treated with TPL or HCPT alone. TPL plus HCPT treatment significantly reduced bladder tumour sizes in vivo on the seventh and tenth days. CONCLUSIONS Compared to TPL or HCPT treatment alone, TPL plus HCPT combination treatment had significantly better anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianen Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Yanfeng Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China
| | - Wansheng Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China
| | - Jinxing Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affilited Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China
| | - Ya Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng Zhou City, Henan province, PR China.
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Afrin S, Giampieri F, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Amici A, Cianciosi D, Quiles JL, Battino M. Manuka honey synergistically enhances the chemopreventive effect of 5-fluorouracil on human colon cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis, altering metabolic phenotypes and suppressing metastasis ability. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:41-54. [PMID: 30056083 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of chemo-sensitizers is urgently needed to overcome 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapeutic resistance and adverse toxicity in colorectal cancer. This work aims to evaluate the synergic effects of 5-FU and Manuka honey (MH), a rich source of bioactive compounds, in enhancing the anticancer effects of this drug on human colon cancer HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Compared to 5-FU alone, MH synergistically enhanced the chemotherapeutic effects of 5-FU, by reducing cell proliferation through the suppression of EGFR, HER2, p-Akt and p-mTOR expression, and promoting apoptosis by the modulation pro-apoptotic (p53, Bax, Cyto c, FasL caspase-3, -8, -9 and cleave-PARP) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) markers. The activations of p-p38MAPK and p-Erk1/2 pathways and ROS production were also involved in this process. Downregulation of transcription factor (NF-κB and Nrf2) and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) and expression (SOD, catalase and HO-1) were more evident after the combined treatment, leading to more cell death by oxidative stress. Moreover, additive effects were also observed by increasing lipid and protein oxidation and arresting cell cycle. All the parameters of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis function decreased and both cells entered the quiescent stage after the combined treatments. MH also influenced the anti-metastasis effects of 5-FU by decreasing migration ability, suppressing the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and increasing N-cadherin and E-cadherin. In conclusion, MH could be a useful preventive or adjuvant agent in the treatment of colorectal cancer with 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Adolfo Amici
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Josè L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Liu J, Cheng H, Han L, Qiang Z, Zhang X, Gao W, Zhao K, Song Y. Synergistic combination therapy of lung cancer using paclitaxel- and triptolide-coloaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3199-3209. [PMID: 30288024 PMCID: PMC6161729 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s172199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer. Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) combine the advantages of both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes into a single delivery platform. In this study, we engineered LPNs as the co-delivery system of paclitaxel (PTX) and triptolide (TL) to achieve synergistic therapeutic effect and reduced drug resistance. Materials and methods In this study, PTX- and TL-coloaded LPNs (P/T-LPNs) were fabricated by nanoprecipitation method using lipid and polymeric materials. The P/T-LPNs combination effects on human lung cancer cells were studied. Therapeutic potentials of P/T-LPNs were further determined using lung cancer cells-bearing mice model. Results The average particle sizes of LPNs were around 160 nm, with narrow size distribution below 0.2. The zeta potential value of LPNs was about −30 mV. The encapsulating efficiency (EE) of PTX and TL loaded in LPNs was over 85%. The cytotoxicity of dual drug loaded LPNs was higher than single drug loaded LPNs. The combination therapy showed synergistic when PTX:TL weight ratio was 5:3, indicating the synergy effects of the LPNs. In vivo tumor growth curve of the experimental group was more gentle opposed to the control group, and tumor volumes of P/T-LPNs and control group were 392 and 1,737 mm3, respectively. The inhibition rate on day 20 was 77.4% in the P/T-LPNs group, which is higher than the free drugs solution. Conclusion The in vivo and in vitro results proved the synergetic effect of the two drugs coloaded in LPNs on the lung cancer xenografts, with the least systemic toxic side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Le Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhun Qiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yangrong Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China,
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Broad targeting of triptolide to resistance and sensitization for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:771-780. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Protein phosphatase 2A activation mechanism contributes to JS-K induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:142. [PMID: 29986744 PMCID: PMC6038275 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background JS-K is a nitric oxide (NO) donor and could generate intracellularly high levels of NO. The study explores PP2A as a tumor suppressor is a major determinant mediating JS-K-caused apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods The human HCC cell lines (PLC5, Huh-7, Bel-7402, SMMC-7721 and HepG2) were used to assess effects of JS-K on cell viability, apoptosis induction and PP2A activation. Effects of JS-K on cell morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis and NO levels were determined in HCC cells expressing PP2A. Simultaneously, the expression of PP2A family including PP2A-A(α/β), PP2A-B55, PP2A-C(α/β) and the substrates of PP2A, such as β-catenin, c-Myc and p-Bcl-2 (Ser70) were detected in sensitive HCC cells. Furthermore, the role of NO in mediating the expression of PP2A was further validated with Z-VAD-FMK (a caspase inhibitor), Carboxy-PTIO (a NO scavenger), okadaic acid (OA, a PP2A inhibitor) and FTY720 (a PP2A agonist) in JS-K treated cells. In addition, the genetic manuplation of PP2A including overexpression and knockdown have been also performed in JS-K treated cells. Moreover, the rat model of primary hepatic carcinoma was established with diethylnitrosamine for 16 weeks to verify the anti-tumor effects of JS-K in vivo. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis were used to determine the expression of proteins in rat primary hepatic carcinoma tissues. Results JS-K significantly inhibited cell proliferation, increased apoptosis rate and activated PP2A activity in five HCC cells viability, especially SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells. It was characterized by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, significant externalization of phosphatidylserine, nuclear morphological changes. Moreover, JS-K enhanced Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio, released cytochrome c (Cyt c) from mitochondria, activated cleaved-caspase-9/3 and the cleavage of PARP, and decreased the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Both Z-VAD-FMK and Carboxy-PTIO suppressed the activation of cleaved-caspase-9/3 and of cleaved-PARP in JS-K-treated sensitive HCC cells. Simultaneously, JS-K treatment could lead to the activation of protein phosphatase 2A-C (PP2A-C) but not PP2A-A and PP2A-B55, which subsequently inactivated and dephosphorylated the PP2A substrates including β-catenin, c-Myc, and p-Bcl-2 (Ser70). However, silencing PP2A-C could abolish both the activation of PP2A-C and down-regulation of β-catenin, c-Myc and p-Bcl-2 (Ser70) in sensitive HCC cells. Conversely, PP2A overexpression could enhance the effects of JS-K on activation of PP2A and down-regulation of β-catenin, c-Myc and p-Bcl-2 (Ser70). In addition, adding okadaic acid (OA), a PP2A inhibitor, abolished the effects of JS-K on apoptosis induction, PP2A activation and the substrates of PP2A dephosphorylation; FTY720, a PP2A agonist, enhanced the effects of JS-K including apoptosis induction, PP2A activation and the substrates of PP2A dephosphorylation. The mice exhibited a lower number and smaller tumor nodules in response to JS-K-treated group. A marked increase in the number of hepatocytes with PCNA-positive nuclei (proliferating cells) was evident in DEN group and tended to decrease with JS-K treatment. Furthermore, JS-K treatment could induce PP2A activation and the substrates of PP2A inactivation such as β-catenin, c-Myc and p-Bcl-2(Ser70) in DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Conclusions High levels of NO released from JS-K induces a caspase-dependent apoptosis through PP2A activation.
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Zheng HY, Shen FJ, Tong YQ, Li Y. PP2A Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Migration by Dephosphorylation of p-JNK, p-p38 and the p-ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:115-123. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1854-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen SR, Dai Y, Zhao J, Lin L, Wang Y, Wang Y. A Mechanistic Overview of Triptolide and Celastrol, Natural Products from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:104. [PMID: 29491837 PMCID: PMC5817256 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide and celastrol are predominantly active natural products isolated from the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. These compounds exhibit similar pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic activities. Triptolide and celastrol also provide neuroprotection and prevent cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, toxicity restricts the further development of triptolide and celastrol. In this review, we comprehensively review therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action, and translational study of triptolide and celastrol. We systemically discuss the structure-activity-relationship of triptolide, celastrol, and their derivatives. Furthermore, we propose the use of structural derivatives, targeted therapy, and combination treatment as possible solutions to reduce toxicity and increase therapeutic window of these potent natural products from T. wilfordii Hook F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Gao H, Zhang Y, Dong L, Qu XY, Tao LN, Zhang YM, Zhai JH, Song YQ. Triptolide induces autophagy and apoptosis through ERK activation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3413-3419. [PMID: 29545863 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of triptolide (TPI) on proliferation, autophagy and death in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms, intracellular alterations were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry assays. The results of the MTT assay revealed that TPI significantly reduced the MCF-7 cell survival rate when the concentration was >10 nmol/l. TPI activated a caspase cascade reaction by regulating Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 expression, and promoted programmed cell death via the mitochondrial pathway. The results demonstrated that TPI significantly reduced the cell proliferation rate and viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which was confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. TPI induced autophagy and influenced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, which resulted in apoptosis. When cells were treated with a combination of TPI and the Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126, the downregulation of P62 and upregulation of Bax were inhibited, which demonstrated that the inhibition of Erk1/2 reversed the autophagy changes induced by TPI. The results indicated that Erk1/2 activation may be a novel mechanism by which TPI induces autophagy and apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In conclusion, TPI affects the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, potentially via autophagy and p38/Erk/mTOR phosphorylation. The present study offers a novel view of the mechanisms by which TPI regulates cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Hui Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Li XM, Liu J, Pan FF, Shi DD, Wen ZG, Yang PL. Quercetin and aconitine synergistically induces the human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191062. [PMID: 29324796 PMCID: PMC5764366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Up till now, studies have not been conducted on how the combination of Quercetin (Q), Aconitine (A) and apoptosis induction affects human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. The result of our findings shows that the combination of Q and A (QA) is capable of synergistically inhibiting the proliferation of HeLa cells in a number of concentrations. QA synergistically inhibits the proliferation of MDR1 gene in the HeLa cells. It is concluded based on our result that QA induces apoptosis and ER stress just as QA-induced ER stress pathway may mediate apoptosis by upregulating mRNA expression levels of eIF2α, ATF4, IRE1, XBP1, ATF6, PERK and CHOP in the HeLa cells. The up-regulating of mRNA expression level of GRP78 and activation of UPR are a molecular basis of QA-induced ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Fang Pan
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong-Dong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Wen
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen Z, Liu Z, Huang W, Li Z, Zou J, Wang J, Lin X, Li B, Chen D, Hu Y, Ji J, Gao J, Shen L. Gimatecan exerts potent antitumor activity against gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo via AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. J Transl Med 2017; 15:253. [PMID: 29237470 PMCID: PMC5729429 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of DNA topoisomerase I (TopI) inhibitor gimatecan and irinotecan in gastric cancer (GC) in vitro cell lines and in vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Methods GC cell lines SNU-1, HGC27, MGC803 and NCI-N87 were used to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis after gimatecan or irinotecan treatment, using a cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. DNA TopI expression and critical molecules of PI3K/AKT, MAPK and apoptosis signaling pathways were analyzed with western blot. For in vivo studies, five PDXs models were treated with gimatecan or irinotecan to assess its antitumor activity. Immunohistochemistry staining of Ki-67 was performed after mice were sacrificed. Results Gimatecan inhibited the proliferation of GC cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis, and gimatecan had greater inhibitory effects than irinotecan. In addition, both gimatecan and irinotecan demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition in in vivo PDX models. Gimatecan treatment significantly inhibited the expression of DNA TopI, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), phosphorylated MEK (pMEK) and phosphorylated ERK (pERK). Meanwhile, gimatecan could also activate the JNK2 and p38 MAPK pathway as indicated by upregulation of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38) and phosphorylated JNK2 (pJNK2). Conclusions For the first time, we have shown that the antitumor activity of gimatecan in GC via suppressing AKT and ERK pathway and activating JNK2 and p38 MAPK pathway, which indicated that gimatecan might be an alternative to irinotecan in the treatment of GC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-017-1360-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhua Chen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhentao Liu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Zou
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaoting Lin
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Beifang Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Dongshao Chen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yanting Hu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Lin Shen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Zanjirband M, Curtin N, Edmondson RJ, Lunec J. Combination treatment with rucaparib (Rubraca) and MDM2 inhibitors, Nutlin-3 and RG7388, has synergistic and dose reduction potential in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69779-69796. [PMID: 29050241 PMCID: PMC5642516 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide for females and the most lethal of all gynecological malignancies. The treatment of ovarian cancer remains a challenge in spite of advances in debulking surgery and changes in both chemotherapy schedules and routes of administration. Cancer treatment has recently been improving with the introduction of targeted therapies to achieve greater specificity and less cytotoxicity. Both PARP inhibitors and MDM2-p53 binding antagonists are targeted therapeutic agents entered into clinical trials. This preclinical study evaluated the effect of Nutlin-3/RG7388 and rucaparib as single agents and in combination together in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. Median-drug-effect analysis showed Nutlin-3/RG7388 combination with rucaparib was additive to, or synergistic in a cell type-dependent manner. Mechanism studies showed rucaparib alone had no effect on p53 stabilization or activity. Although treatment with Nutlin-3 or RG7388 induced stabilization of p53 and upregulation of p21WAF1 and MDM2, the addition of rucaparib did not enhance the p53 activation seen with the MDM2 inhibitors alone. These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect on growth inhibition observed in the combination between rucaparib and Nutlin-3/RG7388 is not the result of increased p53 molecular pathway activation. Nevertheless, combined treatment of Nutlin-3/RG7388 with rucaparib increased cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which was marked for A2780 and IGROV-1. These data indicate that combination treatment with MDM2 inhibitors and rucaparib has synergistic and dose reduction potential for the treatment of ovarian cancer, dependent on cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zanjirband
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Curtin
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Edmondson
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - John Lunec
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
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Tang F, Tang S, Guo X, Yang C, Jia K. CT45A1 siRNA silencing suppresses the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of lung cancer cells by downregulating the ERK/CREB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6708-6714. [PMID: 28901509 PMCID: PMC5865787 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the cancer-testis antigen family 45 member A1 (CT45A1) in the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells, and the associated molecular mechanisms. Western blotting determined that the expression of CT45A1 in normal lung cells was far lower than that observed in lung cancer cells. Following the transfection of CT45A1 small (or short) interfering (si)RNA and its negative control into A549 cells using Lipofectamine 2000, the CT45A1 protein and mRNA levels were determined further by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Following CT45A1 siRNA transfection, the levels of CT45A1 in lung cancer cells were markedly reduced (P<0.01). Then, cell viability and apoptosis were investigated with a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Transwell assays were employed to evaluate the migration and invasion of A549 cells. When compared with the negative control, the viability, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells treated with CT45A1 siRNA were suppressed and apoptosis was promoted (all P<0.01). In addition, the levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), survivin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and p-CREB were assessed by western blotting. Following CT45A1 silencing, the expressions of Bcl-2, survivin, MMP2, MMP9, p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB were downregulated and the expression of Bax was upregulated (all P<0.01). It was concluded that CT45A1 siRNA silencing suppressed the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of lung cancer cells by downregulating the ERK/CREB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Jia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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Punia R, Raina K, Agarwal R, Singh RP. Acacetin enhances the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182870. [PMID: 28859099 PMCID: PMC5578506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthracyclines are efficient and potent agents to treat broad range of cancers but cytotoxicity induced by them limits their use in therapeutics. Use of plant-derived agents help to prevent or delay the process of cancer progression and their combination increases the anti-cancer potential of mainstream compound. However, multidrug resistance is major cause of treatment failure in cancer patients. Purpose In this study, combination treatments of fisetin or acacetin with doxorubicin were explored for their potential synergistic effect on non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. Study design During this study, NSCLC model cell lines A549 and H1299 were used to determine the combinatorial effect of phytochemicals namly acacetin and fisetin with doxorubicin. Methods The effects of individual compounds and their combination on cell viability, clonogenic potential and cell cycle progression were studied. Efflux of doxorubicin was measured by spectrofluorophotometer, whereas accumulation inside the cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Expression of MDR1 was checked by semi-quantitative PCR. Results The results showed that the cell viability of A549 and H1299 cells were significantly decreased in time- and dose-dependent manner, although A549 cells showed more sensitivity toward doxorubicin than H1299 cells. Mostly, combination of doxorubicin showed good synergy with acacetin in both the cell lines whereas, fisetin exerted synergistic effect only at 72 h of treatment in H1299 cells. Acacetin with doxorubicin caused G2/M arrest by downregulating CDK-cyclin complex in A549 cells. Acacetin—doxorubicin combination decreased the clonogenic potential of A549 and H1299 cells upto 82% and 59%, respectively, as compared to control. Acacetin also decreased efflux of doxorubicin by 59% after 30 mins of exposure to A549 cells and further increased accumulation of doxorubicin inside the cells upto 55% in 2 h. The modulatory effect of acacetin-doxorubicin combination on doxorubicin influx and efflux was mediated through downregulation of MDR1 treansporter in NSCLC cells. Conclusion These findings suggested that acacetin augments the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin at lower concentrations in lung cancer cells. Their combination leads to more retention of doxorubicin in the cells by modulating drug trasporter and thus enhances its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reenu Punia
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Rana P. Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: ,
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Zhou D, Xie M, He B, Gao Y, Yu Q, He B, Chen Q. Microarray data re-annotation reveals specific lncRNAs and their potential functions in non-small cell lung cancer subtypes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5129-5136. [PMID: 28849055 PMCID: PMC5647101 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The most common subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to AC and SCC are still largely unknown, especially the roles of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The present study identified differentially expressed lncRNAs between lung AC and SCC by re‑annotation of NSCLC microarray data analysis profiling. The potential functions of lncRNAs were predicted by using coding‑non‑coding gene co‑expressing network. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was used to investigate lncRNA expression levels in AC cell lines (A549 and L78), SCC cell lines (H226 and H520) and normal cells (NL‑20). Western blotting analysis was used to investigate the protein expression levels in these cell lines. A total of 65 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between AC and SCC including 28 lncRNAs that were downregulated in SCC subtypes compared with those in AC ones, and 37 upregulated lncRNAs in SCC subtypes compared with AC subtypes. Three lncRNAs, sex determining region Y‑box 2 overlapping transcript (SOX2‑OT), NCBP2 antisense RNA 2 (NCBP2‑AS2) and ubiquitin like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1), were predicted to be associated with lung cancer; RT‑qPCR confirmed that SOX2‑OT and NCBP2‑AS2 were associated with lung cancer. Finally, western blot assays demonstrated that there was no difference in β‑catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‑3β) expression in cancer cells compared with NL‑20, but increased phosphorylated (p‑)β‑catenin and p‑GSK‑3β was detected in lung cancer cell lines compared with NL‑20, particularly in A549 cells. Although these results require further experimental verification, the analysis of lncRNA signatures between AC and SCC has provided insights into the regulatory mechanism of NSCLC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Mingxuan Xie
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Baimei He
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Bixiu He
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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Yan W, Bai Z, Wang J, Li X, Chi B, Chen X. ANP32A modulates cell growth by regulating p38 and Akt activity in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1605-1612. [PMID: 28731192 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A) possesses multiple biochemical activities, has been found to be decreased or absent in malignant tumors. However, new findings have shown that it is expressed in greater amounts in advanced cancers than in early-stage tumors. The role and clinical significance of ANP32A in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. In the present study, the expression of ANP32A was assessed in 68 CRC patients by IHC, and then the correlation of its expression with clinicopathological factors was investigated using the Allred, Klein and immune response scoring system analysis. Western blot and real-time PCR analyses were used to assess ANP32A expression and the activity of Akt and p38 in cancer and normal tissues. These data indicated a significant association between ANP32A expression and the activity of Akt and p38, besides the tumor differentiation status in CRC patients. IHC and western blotting data revealed that ANP32A was overexpressed in CRC patients, and ANP32A levels were higher in poorly differentiated tumors. Protein and mRNA analysis revealed that with a high expression of ANP32A, the activation of Akt was enhanced, while the p-38 phosphorylation level was decreased in CRC tissues. MTT assay and functional studies revealed that knockdown of ANP32A inhibited cell growth and induced p38 phosphorylation and Akt dephosphorylation. The present study indicated that ANP32A promoted CRC proliferation by inhibition of p38 and activation of Akt signaling pathways and suggested that ANP32A may play a potential role in CRC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zhun Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital XiangYa Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xumei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
| | - Bixia Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yueyang, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
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Hyodo T, Ito S, Asano-Inami E, Chen D, Senga T. A regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, PPP2R5E, regulates the abundance of microtubule crosslinking factor 1. FEBS J 2017; 283:3662-3671. [PMID: 27521566 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic changes in microtubule organization are regulated by numerous microtubule-associating proteins and their post-translational modification. Microtubule crosslinking factor 1 (MTCL1) is a recently identified protein that regulates microtubule organization. To obtain further insight into its functions, we searched for proteins that associate with it using mass spectrometry analysis. We found that PPP2R5E, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacted with MTCL1. Depletion of PPP2R5E reduced the abundance of MTCL1 abundance, whereas exogenous expression of PPP2R5E increased endogenous MTCL1. Furthermore, inhibition of phosphatase activity by okadaic acid reduced MTCL1, which was restored by the addition of the protease inhibitor MG132. Finally, we show that cells depleted of PPP2R5E and MTCL1 exhibited defects in microtubule organization. Our results suggest that the PPP2R5E phosphatase may contribute to microtubule organization by stabilizing MTCL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Hyodo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Satoko Ito
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Eri Asano-Inami
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Bell Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Dan Chen
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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44
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Lidocaine Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Tumor Growth in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and in a Xenograft Model In Vivo. Anesthesiology 2017; 126:868-881. [DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recent epidemiologic studies have focused on the potential beneficial effects of regional anesthetics, and the differences in cancer prognosis may be the result of anesthetics on cancer biologic behavior. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of lidocaine in hepatocellular carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo have been poorly studied.
Methods
Human HepG2 cells were treated with lidocaine. Cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed. The effects of lidocaine on apoptosis-related and mitogen-activated protein kinase protein expression were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The antitumor activity of lidocaine in hepatocellular carcinoma with or without cisplatin was investigated with in vitro experiments and also with animal experiments.
Results
Lidocaine inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The authors also found that lidocaine arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle (63.7 ± 1.7% vs. 72.4 ± 3.2%; P = 0.0143) and induced apoptosis (1.7 ± 0.3% vs. 5.0 ± 0.7%; P = 0.0009). Lidocaine may exert these functions by causing an increase in Bax protein and activated caspase-3 and a corresponding decrease in Bcl-2 protein through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 pathways. More importantly, for the first time, xenograft experiments (n = 8 per group) indicated that lidocaine suppressed tumor development (P < 0.0001; lidocaine vs. control) and enhanced the sensitivity of cisplatin (P = 0.0008; lidocaine plus cisplatin vs. cisplatin).
Conclusions
The authors’ findings suggest that lidocaine may exert potent antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, combining lidocaine with cisplatin may be a novel treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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45
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Wu B, Lu ST, Zhang LJ, Zhuo RX, Xu HB, Huang SW. Codelivery of doxorubicin and triptolide with reduction-sensitive lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo synergistic cancer treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1853-1862. [PMID: 28331310 PMCID: PMC5352248 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s131235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Codelivery is a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of single chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment. Despite progress, codelivery of two or more different functional drugs to increase anticancer efficiency still remains a challenge. Here, reduction-sensitive lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNPs) drug delivery system composed of monomethoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-S-S-hexadecyl (mPEG-S-S-C16), soybean lecithin, and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) was used for codelivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and a Chinese herb extract triptolide (TPL). Hydrophobic DOX and TPL could be successfully loaded in LPNPs by self-assembly. More importantly, drug release and cellular uptake experiments demonstrated that the two drugs were reduction sensitive, released simultaneously from LPNPs, and taken up effectively by the tumor cells. DOX/TPL-coloaded LPNPs (DOX/TPL-LPNPs) exhibited a high level of synergistic activation with low combination index (CI) in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the highest synergistic therapeutic effect was achieved at the ratio of 1:0.2 DOX/TPL. Further experiments showed that TPL enhanced the uptake of DOX by human oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma cells (KB cells). Overall, DOX/TPL-coencapsulated reduction-sensitive nanoparticles will be a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ting Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Liu-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Xi Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Shi-Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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46
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Fang Y, Zhang C, Wu T, Wang Q, Liu J, Dai P. Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Key Pathways and Genes Associated with Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170609. [PMID: 28114404 PMCID: PMC5256872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy frequently occurs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a distinct gene expression pattern is associated with acquired resistance to cisplatin in human lung adenocarcinoma. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to compare the genome-wide gene expression patterns of the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cisplatin-resistant cell line A549/DDP with those of its progenitor cell line A549. A total of 1214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 656 of which were upregulated and 558 were downregulated. Functional annotation of the DEGs in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database revealed that most of the identified genes were enriched in the PI3K/AKT, mitogen-activated protein kinase, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and focal adhesion pathways in A549/DDP cells. These results support previous studies demonstrating that the pathways regulating cell proliferation and invasion confer resistance to chemotherapy. Furthermore, the results proved that cell adhesion and cytoskeleton regulation is associated with cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer. Our study provides new promising biomarkers for lung cancer prognosis and potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Fang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Tong Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shaanxi Lifegen Co. Ltd., Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Penggao Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, PR China
- * E-mail:
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47
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Peng P, Lv J, Cai C, Lin S, Zhuo E, Wang S. Cinobufagin, a bufadienolide, activates ROS-mediated pathways to trigger human lung cancer cell apoptosis in vivo. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01085k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, as the most common malignancy worldwide, is one of the most threatening diseases for human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panli Peng
- Department of Oncology
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Junhong Lv
- Thoracic Surgeons Department
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- Guangzhou 510317
- China
| | - Changqing Cai
- Oncology No. 2 Department
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- Guangzhou 510317
- China
| | - Shaohuan Lin
- Thoracic Surgeons Department
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- Guangzhou 510317
- China
| | - Enqing Zhuo
- Oncology No. 2 Department
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital
- Guangzhou 510317
- China
| | - Senming Wang
- Department of Oncology
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
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48
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Xia RY, Zhang RR, Jiang Z, Sun YJ, Liu J, Chen FH. K 9(C 4H 4FN 2O 2) 2Nd(PW 11O 39) 2·25H 2O induces apoptosis in human lung cancer A549 cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1348-1352. [PMID: 28454260 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of K9(C4H4FN2O2)2Nd(PW11O39)2·25H2O (FNdPW), a chemically synthesized polyoxometalate that contains rare earth elements, on lung cancer growth, and explored the mechanism underlying its actions. The effects of FNdPW on the cell viability and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells were measured using MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and electron microscopy. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins, including B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated death promoter (Bad), phosphorylated (p)-Bad, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2, was determined by western blotting. Caspase-3 activity was measured using a caspase-3 activity kit. After 72 h of incubation, FNdPW reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in A549 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. FNdPW upregulated the pro-apoptotic Bad and Bax proteins, and downregulated the anti-apoptotic p-Bad, Bcl-2 and XIAP proteins. Furthermore, FNdPW also enhanced caspase-3 activity and increased the protein level of AIF in A549 cells, which was independent of the caspase-3 pathway. These events were associated with the regulation exerted by FNdPW on multiple targets involved in A549 cell proliferation. Therefore, FNdPW may be a novel drug for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yao Xia
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ran-Ran Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Harbin First Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Jiao Sun
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Hui Chen
- Department of Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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49
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Zhou Y, Ma J, Zhang J, He L, Gong J, Long C. Pifithrin-μ is efficacious against non-small cell lung cancer via inhibition of heat shock protein 70. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:313-322. [PMID: 28004121 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein (Hsp) 70, known as a pro-survival protein, is aberrantly expressed in several malignancies. The small molecule 2-phenylethyenesulfonamide (PES), also referred to as pifithrin-μ, is known as an HSP70 inhibitor, which exhibits antitumor activities in a variety of cancer cell lines. However, little is known about its effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PES on human NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460, and explore the possible underlying mechanism of action. Cell viability assay by using CCK-8 kits was performed to demonstrate that PES dose- and time-dependently inhibited proliferation of A549 and H460 cells. Wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay results indicated that PES inhibited cell migration of A549 and H460 cells. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that PES resulted in G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis via a caspase-dependent manner in A549 and H460 cells. Western blotting results suggested that phosphorylation of AKT and ERK was inhibited by PES treatment. In addition, death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5 were increased by PES treatment. Overexpression of Hsp70 in A549 cells attenuated the growth inhibitory efficiency of PES. Knockdown of Hsp70 in A549 cells enhanced sensitivity of PES to cell growth inhibition, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of PES on cell proliferation is specifically through Hsp70-dependent mechanism. PES and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) exerts a potent synergistic effect on cell proliferation inhibition and induction of apoptosis in A549 and H460 cells. In a mouse xenograft model of lung cancer by A549 cells, PES treatment displayed significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth. All these findings suggest that PES shows antitumor activity against human NSCLC in vitro and in vivo, and therefore may be a promising agent for use to the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtz University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Jingping Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtz University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Jiahong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtz University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Li He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtz University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtz University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Cong Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou First People's Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, P.R. China
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50
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Li DZ, Zhang QZ, Wang CY, Zhang YL, Li XY, Huang JT, Liu HY, Fu ZD, Song HX, Lin JP, Ji TF, Pan XD. Synthesis and antitumor activity of novel substituted uracil-1'(N)-acetic acid ester derivatives of 20(S)-camptothecins. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:1235-1246. [PMID: 27871039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel substituted uracil-1'(N)-acetic acid esters (6-20) of camptothecins (CPTs) were synthesized by the acylation method. These new compounds were evaluated for in vitro antitumor activity against tumor cell lines, A549, Bel7402, BGC-823, HCT-8 and A2780. In vitro results showed that most of the derivatives exhibited comparable or superior cytotoxicity compare to CPT (1) and topotecan (TPT, 2), with 12 and 13 possessing the best efficacy. Four compounds, 9, 12, 13 and 16, were selected to be evaluated for in vivo antitumor activity against H22, BGC-823 and Bel-7402 in mice. In vivo testing results indicated that 12 and 13 had antitumor activity against mouse liver carcinoma H22 close to Paclitaxel and cyclophosphamide. 12 had similar antitumor activity against human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 in nude mice compared to irinotecan (3) and possessed better antitumor activity against human hepatocarcinoma Bel-7402 in nude mice than 2. It is also discovered that 12 showed a similar mechanism but better inhibitory activity on topoisomerase I (Topo I) compared to 2. These findings indicate that 20(S)-O-fluorouracil-1'(N)-acetic acid ester derivative of CPTs, 12, could be developed as an antitumor drug candidate for clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-Zao Li
- College of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Cun-Ying Wang
- Xu Zhou College of Industrial Technology, Xuzhou 221000, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, PR China
| | - Xing-Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Ji-Tao Huang
- College of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Zhao-Di Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hua-Xian Song
- Beijing Land Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101111, PR China
| | - Jin-Ping Lin
- Beijing Land Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101111, PR China
| | - Teng-Fei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Xian-Dao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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