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Ezhilarasan D, Mani U. Valproic acid induced liver injury: An insight into molecular toxicological mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103967. [PMID: 36058508 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is an anti-seizure drug that causes idiosyncratic liver injury. 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (Δ4VPA), a metabolite of VPA, has been implicated in VPA-induced hepatotoxicity. This review summarizes the pathogenesis involved in VPA-induced liver injury. The VPA induce liver injury mainly by i) liberation of Δ4VPA metabolites; ii) decrease in glutathione stores and antioxidants, resulting in oxidative stress; iii) inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation, inducing mitochondrial DNA depletion and hypermethylation; a decrease in proton leak; oxidative phosphorylation impairment and ATP synthesis decrease; iv) induction of fatty liver via inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, enhancing nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, and inducing long-chain fatty acid uptake and triglyceride synthesis. VPA administration aggravates liver injury in individuals with metabolic syndromes. Therapeutic drug monitoring, routine serum levels of transaminases, ammonia, and lipid parameters during VPA therapy may thus be beneficial in improving the safety profile or preventing the progression of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India.
| | - Uthirappan Mani
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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2
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in adolescents. Its high propensity to metastasize is the leading cause for treatment failure and poor prognosis. Although the research of osteosarcoma has greatly expanded in the past decades, the knowledge and new therapy strategies targeting metastatic progression remain sparse. The prognosis of patients with metastasis is still unsatisfactory. There is resonating urgency for a thorough and deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma to develop innovative therapies targeting metastasis. Toward the goal of elaborating the characteristics and biological behavior of metastatic osteosarcoma, it is essential to combine the diverse investigations that are performed at molecular, cellular, and animal levels from basic research to clinical translation spanning chemical, physical sciences, and biology. This review focuses on the metastatic process, regulatory networks involving key molecules and signaling pathways, the role of microenvironment, osteoclast, angiogenesis, metabolism, immunity, and noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma metastasis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current research advances, with the hope to discovery druggable targets and promising therapy strategies for osteosarcoma metastasis and thus to overcome this clinical impasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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3
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Torres HM, VanCleave AM, Vollmer M, Callahan DL, Smithback A, Conn JM, Rodezno-Antunes T, Gao Z, Cao Y, Afeworki Y, Tao J. Selective Targeting of Class I Histone Deacetylases in a Model of Human Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4199. [PMID: 34439353 PMCID: PMC8394112 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is associated with the pathogenesis of human osteosarcoma, which may present an epigenetic vulnerability as well as a therapeutic target. Domatinostat (4SC-202) is a next-generation class I HDAC inhibitor that is currently being used in clinical research for certain cancers, but its impact on human osteosarcoma has yet to be explored. In this study, we report that 4SC-202 inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. By analyzing cell function in vitro, we show that the anti-tumor effect of 4SC-202 involves the combined induction of cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptotic program, as well as a reduction in cell invasion and migration capabilities. We also found that 4SC-202 has little capacity to promote osteogenic differentiation. Remarkably, 4SC-202 revised the global transcriptome and induced distinct signatures of gene expression in vitro. Moreover, 4SC-202 decreased tumor growth of established human tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice in vivo. We further reveal key targets regulated by 4SC-202 that contribute to tumor cell growth and survival, and canonical signaling pathways associated with progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Our study suggests that 4SC-202 may be exploited as a valuable drug to promote more effective treatment of patients with osteosarcoma and provide molecular insights into the mechanism of action of class I HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydee M. Torres
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies Group at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (H.M.T.); (A.M.V.); (T.R.-A.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Ashley M. VanCleave
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies Group at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (H.M.T.); (A.M.V.); (T.R.-A.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mykayla Vollmer
- Medical Student Research Program, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;
| | - Dakota L. Callahan
- Sanford Program for Undergraduate Research, University of Sioux Falls, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Austyn Smithback
- Sanford PROMISE Scholar Program, Harrisburg High School, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Josephine M. Conn
- Sanford Program for Undergraduate Research, Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA;
| | - Tania Rodezno-Antunes
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies Group at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (H.M.T.); (A.M.V.); (T.R.-A.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zili Gao
- Flow Cytometry Core at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Yuxia Cao
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies Group at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (H.M.T.); (A.M.V.); (T.R.-A.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yohannes Afeworki
- Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Core Facility at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Jianning Tao
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies Group at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (H.M.T.); (A.M.V.); (T.R.-A.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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4
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Chen X, He Y, Fu W, Sahebkar A, Tan Y, Xu S, Li H. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Atherosclerosis: A Mechanistic and Pharmacological Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581015. [PMID: 33282862 PMCID: PMC7688915 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the most common underlying pathology for coronary artery disease, is a chronic inflammatory, proliferative disease in large- and medium-sized arteries. The vascular endothelium is important for maintaining vascular health. Endothelial dysfunction is a critical early event leading to AS, which is a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. Accumulating evidence has suggested the critical roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating vascular cell homeostasis and AS. The purpose of this review is to present an updated view on the roles of HDACs (Class I, Class II, Class IV) and HDAC inhibitors in vascular dysfunction and AS. We also elaborate on the novel therapeutic targets and agents in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong He
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - Yuhui Tan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Sodium Valproate-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:899-906. [PMID: 32880040 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Currently used chemotherapeutic drugs have several side effects. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme inhibitors possess potential anti-cancer effects. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic potential of sodium valproate, a HDAC inhibitor in human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. METHODS MTT assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of HT-29 cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction was evaluated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining. Dual staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide was used to investigate the morphology-related apoptotic cell death. Mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by rhodamine 123 staining. E-cadherin protein expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Sodium valproate at 2 and 4 mM/mL treatments significantly induced cytotoxicity. Increased intracellular ROS expression was observed in the cells treated with sodium valproate. This treatment also induced mitochondrial dissipation, apoptosis-related morphological damage, and E-cadherin expression in HT-29 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our present results suggest that sodium valproate is cytotoxic to HT-29 cells due to its pro-oxidative and apoptosis inducing potential. Sodium valproate can be used as an adjuvant along with standard chemotherapeutic agents in CRC patients after necessary in vivo and clinical studies.
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6
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McGuire JJ, Nerlakanti N, Lo CH, Tauro M, Utset-Ward TJ, Reed DR, Lynch CC. Histone deacetylase inhibition prevents the growth of primary and metastatic osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2811-2823. [PMID: 32599665 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Overall survival rates for patients with advanced osteosarcoma have remained static for over three decades. An in vitro analysis of osteosarcoma cell lines for sensitivity to an array of approved cancer therapies revealed that panobinostat, a broad spectrum histone deacetalyase (HDAC) inhibitor, is highly effective at triggering osteosarcoma cell death. Using in vivo models of orthotopic and metastatic osteosarcoma, here we report that panobinostat impairs the growth of primary osteosarcoma in bone and spontaneous metastasis to the lung, the most common site of metastasis for this disease. Further, pretreatment of mice with panobinostat prior to tail vein inoculation of osteosarcoma prevents the seeding and growth of lung metastases. Additionally, panobinostat impaired the growth of established lung metastases and improved overall survival, and these effects were also manifest in the lung metastatic SAOS2-LM7 model. Mechanistically, the efficacy of panobinostat was linked to high expression of HDAC1 and HDAC2 in osteosarcoma, and silencing of HDAC1 and 2 greatly reduced osteosarcoma growth in vitro. In accordance with these findings, treatment with the HDAC1/2 selective inhibitor romidepsin compromised the growth of osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of patient-derived xenograft osteosarcoma cell lines further demonstrated the sensitivity of the disease to panobinostat or romidepsin. Collectively, these studies provide rationale for clinical trials in osteosarcoma patients using the approved therapies panobinostat or romidepsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J McGuire
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Niveditha Nerlakanti
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chen Hao Lo
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Marilena Tauro
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas J Utset-Ward
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Sarcoma Department & Department of Interdisciplinary Cancer Management (DICaM), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Conor C Lynch
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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7
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Targeting the Cancer Epigenome with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Osteosarcoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:55-75. [PMID: 32767234 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic deregulation is an emerging hallmark of cancer that enables tumor cells to escape surveillance by tumor suppressors and ultimately progress. The structure of the epigenome consists of covalent modifications of chromatin components, including acetylation by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylation by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Targeting these enzymes with inhibitors to restore epigenetic homeostasis has been explored for many cancers. Osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults, is notable for widespread genetic and epigenetic instability. This may explain why therapy directed at unique molecular pathways has failed to substantially improve outcomes in osteosarcoma over the past four decades. In this review, we discuss the potential of targeting the cancer epigenome, with a focus on histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) for osteosarcoma. We additionally highlight the safety and tolerance of HDACi, combination chemotherapy with HDACi, and the ongoing challenges in the development of these agents.
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8
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor, a Cytokine of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family, is Associated With Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 26:727-733. [PMID: 28362712 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that the activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) endows metastatic properties upon cancer cells to promote invasion and migration. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis was performed in 50 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and paired normal kidney tissues. We detected the expression of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) and EMT markers (E-cadherin, fibronectin, and Slug) and recorded the clinical, pathologic, and follow-up (median follow-up: 79.0 mo) information. The expression of VEGI and E-cadherin was significantly lower in RCC tissues compared with normal kidney tissues (P<0.001). However, the expression of fibronectin and Slug was higher in RCC tissues (P<0.05). VEGI and EMT marker expression marginally differed in tumor size and stage. Significant differences were found in the pathologic grade (P<0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis suggested a positive correlation between VEGI and E-cadherin (r=0.451, P<0.01). A negative correlation was shown between VEGI and fibronectin (r=-0.465, P<0.01). There was also a negative correlation between VEGI and Slug (r=-0.758, P<0.01). During the 79.0 months (range, 7 to 119 mo) of follow-up, 6 patients died due to RCC, and the tumor-free survival rate was 88% (44/50). We did not find a significant correlation between VEGI/EMT markers (E-cadherin, fibronectin, and Slug) and overall survival (P>0.05). Our findings indicate that VEGI plays an important role in EMT in RCC. It suggests that VEGI may be investigated as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target in RCC.
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Kumanishi S, Yamanegi K, Nishiura H, Fujihara Y, Kobayashi K, Nakasho K, Futani H, Yoshiya S. Epigenetic modulators hydralazine and sodium valproate act synergistically in VEGI-mediated anti-angiogenesis and VEGF interference in human osteosarcoma and vascular endothelial cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:167-178. [PMID: 31180533 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI; also referred to as TNFSF15 or TL1A) is involved in the modulation of vascular homeostasis. VEGI is known to operate via two receptors: Death receptor‑3 (DR3) and decoy receptor‑3 (DcR3). DR3, which is thus far the only known functional receptor for VEGI, contains a death domain and induces cell apoptosis. DcR3 is secreted as a soluble protein and antagonizes VEGI/DR3 interaction. Overexpression of DcR3 and downregulation of VEGI have been detected in a number of cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of sodium valproate (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in combination with hydralazine hydrochloride (Hy), a DNA methylation inhibitor, on the expression of VEGI and its related receptors in human osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines and human microvascular endothelial (HMVE) cells. Combination treatment with Hy and VPA synergistically induced the expression of VEGI and DR3 in both OS and HMVE cells, without inducing DcR3 secretion. In addition, it was observed that the combination of VPA and Hy significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect on vascular tube formation by VEGI/DR3 autocrine and paracrine pathways. Furthermore, the VEGI/VEGF‑A immune complex was pulled down by immunoprecipitation. Taken together, these findings suggest that DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors not only have the potential to induce the re‑expression of tumor suppressor genes in cancer cells, but also exert anti‑angiogenic effects, via enhancement of the VEGI/DR3 pathway and VEGI/VEGF‑A interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kumanishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanegi
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakasho
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Futani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yoshiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Wu H, Ding J, Wang L, Lin J, Li S, Xiang G, Jiang L, Xu H, Gao W, Zhou K. Valproic acid enhances the viability of random pattern skin flaps: involvement of enhancing angiogenesis and inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3951-3960. [PMID: 30510403 PMCID: PMC6248271 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s186222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Random skin flaps are commonly applied during plastic surgery, but distal flap necrosis limits their clinical applications. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor and a traditional antiepileptic agent, may promote flap survival. Materials and methods Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into VPA-treated and control groups. All rats received VPA or saline by intraperitoneal injections once daily for 7 days after the modified McFarlane flap model was established. On postoperative day 7, flap survival, laser Doppler blood flow, and water content were examined for flap viability, hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analysis, and the status of angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were detected in the ischemic flaps. Results VPA increased the survival area, blood flow, and number of microvessels in skin flaps on postoperative day 7 and reduced edema. VPA promoted angiogenesis by enhancing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA transcription and upregulating VEGF and cadherin 5 expression, inhibited apoptosis via reduction of caspase 3 cleavage, and relieved oxidative stress by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels and reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Conclusion VPA promoted random skin flap survival by enhancing angiogenesis and inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Lei Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Jinti Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Shihen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Guangheng Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Liangfu Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Weiyang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China, ; .,The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, ;
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11
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Zhang N, Hong B, Lian W, Zhou C, Chen S, Du X, Deng X, Duoerkun S, Li Q, Yang Y, Gong K. Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 and its functional domains inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cell carcinoma cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:569-575. [PMID: 28656288 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 (VEGI174) and its functional domains (V7 and V8) on epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro. The RCC cell lines A498 and 786‑O were used in this study. Based on our preliminary study, we selected full‑length VEGI174 and its functional domains (V7 and V8) as the target genes in this study. Plasmids containing VEGI174, V7 or V8 transgenes were constructed and transfected into A498 and 786‑O cell lines. Cytological activity was tested during cell culture. Quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression levels of EMT markers (E‑cadherin, vimentin, β‑catenin and Slug). Overexpression of VEGI174, V7 or V8 did not have a significant influence on cell viability (P>0.05). The mRNA level of E‑cadherin was significantly upregulated, while that of vimentin was downregulated in A498VEGIexp, A498V7exp, A498V8exp, 786‑OVEGIexp, 786‑OV7exp and 786‑OV8exp cells compared with the cells containing the empty plasmid controls (P<0.05). The western blot results showed that changes in protein expression levels were consistent with the changes in mRNA expression. Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of β‑catenin and Slug were downregulated in the A498VEGIexp, A498V7exp, A498V8exp, 786‑OVEGIexp, 786‑OV7exp and 786‑OV8exp cells. In conclusion, overexpression of VEGI174, V7 or V8 inhibited EMT in A498 and 786‑O cells. Notably, V7 and V8 are two effective functional domains of VEGI174 that have the potential to be studied for peptide synthesis and the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Hong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Wenyong Lian
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps First Division Hospital, Aksu, Xinjiang 843000, P.R. China
| | - Changhua Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohu Deng
- Department of Urology, Karamay People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, P.R. China
| | - Shayiremu Duoerkun
- Department of Urology, Hami District Central Hospital, Hami, Xinjiang 839000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Kan Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
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12
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Wang D, Liu C, Li Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Wu X, Wang K, Miao W, Li L, Peng L. Regulation of Histone Acetylation on Expression Profiles of Potassium Channels During Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4460-4467. [PMID: 28464250 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cardiomyocyte differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is a dynamic and complex process that involved in the precision regulation of histone acetylation. The formation of action potential (AP) in mature cardiomyocytes is based on the expression pattern of Na+ , Ca2+ , and K+ ion channels, in which the slow delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs ), the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr ) and the inwardly rectifying Kir current (IK1 ) mainly contribute to repolarization for AP in different species. However, the expression status of potassium channels conducted IKs , IKr , and IK1 in cardiomyocyte differentiation are not fully defined. Here, we investigated the expression pattern of the slow delayed rectifier potassium channel and the rapid delayed rectifier potassium channel using a model of mouse cardiomyocyte differentiation under different conditions of histone acetylation. We found that expression levels of both the delayed rectifier potassium channel and the inwardly rectifying potassium channel were more sensitive to histone hyperacetylation during differentiation from mESCs into cardiomyocytes. Especially, histone H4 hyperacetylation induced by Class I HDACs inhibitors promoted the expression profiles of potassium channels (Kcnj2, Kcnj3, Kcnj5, Kcnj11, and Kcnh2) in the process. Our results provide a clue for expression status of potassium channels which may be essential to forming functional cardiomyocyte in the cardiac lineage commitment of mESC. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4460-4467, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Luying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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13
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Olivieri M, Amata E, Vinciguerra S, Fiorito J, Giurdanella G, Drago F, Caporarello N, Prezzavento O, Arena E, Salerno L, Rescifina A, Lupo G, Anfuso CD, Marrazzo A. Antiangiogenic Effect of (±)-Haloperidol Metabolite II Valproate Ester [(±)-MRJF22] in Human Microvascular Retinal Endothelial Cells. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9960-9966. [PMID: 27739690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
(±)-MRJF22 [(±)-2], a novel prodrug of haloperidol metabolite II (sigma-1 receptor antagonist/sigma-2 receptor agonist ligand) obtained by conjugation to valproic acid (histone deacetylase inhibitor) via an ester bond, exhibits antiangiogenic activity, being able to reduce human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) viability in a comparable manner to bevacizumab. Moreover, (±)-2 was able to significantly reduce viable cells count, endothelial cell migration, and tube formation in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) stimulated HREC cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Olivieri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Shila Vinciguerra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jole Fiorito
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giurdanella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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14
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Moore JB, Zhao J, Keith MCL, Amraotkar AR, Wysoczynski M, Hong KU, Bolli R. The Epigenetic Regulator HDAC1 Modulates Transcription of a Core Cardiogenic Program in Human Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Through a p53-Dependent Mechanism. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2916-2929. [PMID: 27501845 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) regulation is an essential process in myogenic differentiation. Inhibitors targeting the activity of specific HDAC family members have been shown to enhance the cardiogenic differentiation capacity of discrete progenitor cell types; a key property of donor cell populations contributing to their afforded benefits in cardiac cell therapy applications. The influence of HDAC inhibition on cardiac-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (CMC) transdifferentiation or the role of specific HDAC family members in dictating cardiovascular cell lineage specification has not been investigated. In the current study, the consequences of HDAC inhibition on patient-derived CMC proliferation, cardiogenic program activation, and cardiovascular differentiation/cell lineage specification were investigated using pharmacologic and genetic targeting approaches. Here, CMCs exposed to the pan-HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate exhibited induction of a cardiogenic transcriptional program and heightened expression of myocyte and endothelial lineage-specific markers when coaxed to differentiate in vitro. Further, shRNA knockdown screens revealed CMCs depleted of HDAC1 to promote the induction of a cardiogenic transcriptional program characterized by enhanced expression of cardiomyogenic- and vasculogenic-specific markers, a finding which depended on and correlated with enhanced acetylation and stabilization of p53. Cardiogenic gene activation and elevated p53 expression levels observed in HDAC1-depleted CMCs were associated with improved aptitude to assume a cardiomyogenic/vasculogenic cell-like fate in vitro. These results suggest that HDAC1 depletion-induced p53 expression alters CMC cell fate decisions and identify HDAC1 as a potential exploitable target to facilitate CMC-mediated myocardial repair in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Stem Cells 2016;34:2916-2929.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Moore
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - John Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Matthew C L Keith
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alok R Amraotkar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Marcin Wysoczynski
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kyung U Hong
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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15
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Vorinostat in refractory soft tissue sarcomas - Results of a multi-centre phase II trial of the German Soft Tissue Sarcoma and Bone Tumour Working Group (AIO). Eur J Cancer 2016; 64:74-82. [PMID: 27367154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New treatment options for patients with metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma are urgently needed. Preclinical studies suggested activity of vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. METHODS A multi-centre, open-label, non-randomised phase II trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of vorinostat in patients with locally advanced or metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma failing 1st-line anthracycline-based chemotherapy was initiated. Patients were treated with vorinostat 400 mg po qd for 28 d followed by a treatment-free period of 7 d, representing a treatment cycle of 5 weeks. Restaging was performed every three cycles or at clinical progression. RESULTS Between 06/10 and 09/13, 40 Soft Tissue Sarcoma patients were treated with vorinostat at seven participating centres. Patients had received 1 (n=8, 20%), 2 (n=10, 25%) or ≥3 (n=22, 55%) previous lines of chemotherapy. Best response after three cycles of treatment was stable disease (n=9, 23%). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.2 and 12.3 months, respectively. Six patients showed long-lasting disease stabilisation for up to ten cycles. Statistical analyses failed to identify baseline predictive markers in this subgroup. Major toxicities (grade ≥III) included haematological toxicity (n=6, 15%) gastrointestinal disorders (n=5, 13%), fatigue (n=4, 10%), musculoskeletal pain (n=4, 10%), and pneumonia (n=2, 5%). CONCLUSION In a heavily pre-treated patient population, objective response to vorinostat was low. However, a small subgroup of patients had long-lasting disease stabilisation. Further studies aiming to identify predictive markers for treatment response as well as exploration of combination regimens are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00918489 (ClinicalTrials.gov) EudraCT-number: 2008-008513-19.
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