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Che Y, Zhang H, Li H, Wu X. CIP2A interacts with AKT1 to promote the malignant biological behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating the GSK‑3β/β‑catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:514. [PMID: 37840566 PMCID: PMC10570767 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, which is associated with a poor prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) in OSCC and its regulatory effect on AKT1. Firstly, CIP2A and AKT1 expression in OSCC cells was detected by western blotting. After silencing CIP2A, cell viability and cell proliferation were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was assessed using western blotting. Wound healing, Transwell and tube formation assays were performed to evaluate CAL-27 cell migration, invasion and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation. The interaction between CIP2A and AKT1 was identified by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP). In addition, AKT1 was overexpressed in CIP2A-silenced CAL-27 cells to perform rescue experiments to analyze the malignant biological functions of CAL-27 cells. Finally, the expression of proteins in the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β/β-catenin pathway was determined by western blot analysis. Markedly elevated CIP2A and AKT1 expression was observed in OSCC cells. CIP2A knockdown inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells. Concurrently, CIP2A loss-of-function attenuated tube formation. Results of Co-IP confirmed there was an interaction between CIP2A and AKT1. Rescue experiments suggested that AKT1 overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effects of CIP2A knockdown on the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of CAL-27 cells, as well as tube formation in HUVECs . Additionally, CIP2A silencing significantly downregulated phosphorylated-GSK-3β and β-catenin expression, which was reversed by AKT1 overexpression. In conclusion, CIP2A could interact with AKT1 to promote the malignant biological behaviors of OSCC cells by upregulating the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. These findings may provide a targeted therapy for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Che
- Department of Stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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2
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Chen B, Hu H, Chen X. From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: The Role of Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/p90 in Cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1110656. [PMID: 36911405 PMCID: PMC9998691 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), initially reported as a tumor-associated antigen (known as p90), is highly expressed in most solid and hematological tumors. The interaction of CIP2A/p90, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and c-Myc can hinder the function of PP2A toward c-Myc S62 induction, thus stabilizing c-Myc protein, which represents a potential role of CIP2A/p90 in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as cancer drug resistance. The signaling pathways and regulation networks of CIP2A/p90 are complex and not yet fully understood. Many previous studies have also demonstrated that CIP2A/p90 can be used as a potential therapeutic cancer target. In addition, the autoantibody against CIP2A/p90 in sera may be used as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of certain types of cancer. In this Review, we focus on recent advances relating to CIP2A/p90 and their implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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3
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Si Y, Wang J, Liu X, Zhou T, Xiang Y, Zhang T, Wang X, Feng T, Xu L, Yu Q, Zhao H, Liu Y. Ethoxysanguinarine, a Novel Direct Activator of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase, Induces Autophagy and Exhibits Therapeutic Potential in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1503. [PMID: 31969821 PMCID: PMC6960228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethoxysanguinarine (Eth) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. It possesses antibacterial and antiviral activities and offers therapeutic benefits for the treatment of respiratory syndrome virus-induced cytopathic effects. However, the effect of Eth on human tumors and its pharmacological effects remain to be elucidated, together with its cellular target. Here, we examined the effects of Eth on breast cancer (BC) cells. We found that at low doses, Eth strongly inhibited the viability of BC cell lines and induced autophagy. Mechanistic studies showed that Eth induced autophagy by upregulating the activity of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The AMPK inhibitor compound C significantly attenuated Eth-induced autophagy and inhibited proliferation. Meanwhile, the AMPK activator metformin significantly enhanced Eth-induced autophagy and inhibited proliferation. Computational docking and affinity assays showed that Eth directly interacted with the allosteric drug and metabolite site of AMPK to stabilize its activation. AMPK was less activated in tumor samples compared to normal breast tissues and was inversely associated with the prognosis of the patients. Moreover, Eth exhibited potent anti-BC activity in nude mice and favorable pharmacokinetics in rats. These characteristics render Eth as a promising candidate drug for further development and for designing new effective AMPK activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Si
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jiu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuewen Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yuchen Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Te Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xianhui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Huzi Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Liu P, Xiang Y, Liu X, Zhang T, Yang R, Chen S, Xu L, Yu Q, Zhao H, Zhang L, Liu Y, Si Y. Cucurbitacin B Induces the Lysosomal Degradation of EGFR and Suppresses the CIP2A/PP2A/Akt Signaling Axis in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030647. [PMID: 30759826 PMCID: PMC6384961 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carrying an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation are initially sensitive to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment, but soon develop an acquired resistance. The treatment effect of EGFR-TKIs-resistant NSCLC patients still faces challenges. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a triterpene hydrocarbon compound isolated from plants of various families and genera, elicits anticancer effects in a variety of cancer types. However, whether CuB is a viable treatment option for gefitinib-resistant (GR) NSCLC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of CuB. We report that CuB inhibited the growth and invasion of GR NSCLC cells and induced apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of CuB occurred through its promotion of the lysosomal degradation of EGFR and the downregulation of the cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A/protein phosphatase 2A/Akt (CIP2A/PP2A/Akt) signaling axis. CuB and cisplatin synergistically inhibited tumor growth. A xenograft tumor model indicated that CuB inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Immunohistochemistry results further demonstrated that CuB decreased EGFR and CIP2A levels in vivo. These findings suggested that CuB could suppress the growth and invasion of GR NSCLC cells by inducing the lysosomal degradation of EGFR and by downregulating the CIP2A/PP2A/Akt signaling axis. Thus, CuB may be a new drug candidate for the treatment of GR NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Yuchen Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Xuewen Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Te Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Sen Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Huzi Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Yuan Si
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
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miR-548b-3p Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Mitochondrial Function by Targeting CIP2A in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7385426. [PMID: 30671469 PMCID: PMC6323450 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7385426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The roles of miR-548b-3p in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain undiscovered. This study aims to explore the roles and mechanisms of miR-548b-3p in HCC. Using TCGA database, we found that miR-548b-3p expression was lower in HCC compared to the normal tissues, which was further confirmed by RT-qPCR of 20 cases of surgically resected HCC and corresponding normal tissues. miR-548b-3p mimic and inhibitor were transfected into Huh7 and SK-Hep-1 cells, respectively. MTT, colony formation, and cell cycle assays showed that miR-548b-3p mimic suppressed cell growth and G1/S cell cycle transition. In contrast, miR-548b-3p inhibitor facilitated cell growth and cell cycle transition. miR-548b-3p mimic also increased cisplatin sensitivity by upregulating apoptosis rate. JC-1 staining showed that miR-548b-3p mimic downregulated mitochondrial membrane potential, while miR-548b-3p inhibitor showed the opposite effects in SK-Hep-1 cells. Using prediction software, we found that CIP2A was on the target list of miR-548b-3p. miR-548b-3p mimic downregulated CIP2A and its downstream target protein c-Myc. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that CIP2A was as a direct target of miR-548b-3p. CIP2A depletion partly reduced the effect of miR-548b-3p mimic/inhibitor on c-Myc. CIP2A depletion also reduced the effect of miR-548b-3p mimic/inhibitor on proliferation. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that miR-548b-3p was downregulated in HCC. miR-548b-3p regulates proliferation, apoptosis and mitochondrial function by targeting CIP2A in HCC.
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