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Ma X, Cao F, Cui J, Li X, Yin Z, Wu Y, Wang Q. Orexin B protects dopaminergic neurons from 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity associated with reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:669. [PMID: 38787465 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) is a major pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Orexin B (OXB) has been reported to promote the growth of DA neurons. However, the roles of OXB in the degeneration of DA neurons still remained not fully clear. METHODS An in vivo PD model was constructed by administrating 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in mice. Pole test was performed to investigate the motor function of mice and the number of DA neurons was detected by immunofluorescence (IF). A PD cell model was established by treating SH-SY5Y cells with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). OXB was added to the culture medium 2 h after MPP + treatment. Microscopic analysis was carried out to investigate the function of OXB in the cell model of PD 24 h after MPP + challenge. RNA-Seq analysis of the PD cell model was performed to explore the possible mechanisms. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). RESULTS OXB significantly decreased the DA neurons death caused by MPTP, alleviated MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, and robustly enhanced the weight and motor ability of PD mice. Besides, RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was involved in the pathology of PD. Furthermore, MPP + led to increased levels of phosphorylation of ERK (p-ERK), OXB treatment significantly decreased the levels of p-ERK in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that OXB exerts a neuroprotective role associated with reduced ERK phosphorylation in the PD model. This suggests that OXB may have therapeutic potential for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Ma
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Translational Medical of Digestive System Tumor, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Zuojuan Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Qinqin Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
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Isailă OM, Moroianu LA, Hostiuc S. Current Trends in Biohumoral Screening for the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:418. [PMID: 38541144 PMCID: PMC10972295 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) represents a challenge to health systems globally and is met with increased frequency in the population. Over time, multiple screening methods have been proposed, including the analysis of various plasma biomarkers. This article aims to analyze for illustrative purposes the specialized literature in terms of current biomarkers and testing trends, in the case of cardiovascular diseases and implicitly sudden cardiac death. Materials and Methods: In this regard, we searched the PubMed database from 2010 to the present time using the keywords "sudden cardiac death" and "biomarkers". The inclusion criteria were clinical trials that analyzed the effectiveness of screening methods in terms of biomarkers used in stratifying the risk of cardiac distress and/or sudden cardiac death. We excluded reviews, meta-analyses, and studies looking at the effectiveness of treatments. Results: An extended approach was found, through studies that brought to the forefront both classical markers analyzed by new, more performant methods, markers for other pathologies that also determined cardiovascular impact, non-specific molecules with effects on the cardiovascular system, and state-of-the-art markers, such as microRNA. Some molecules were analyzed simultaneously in certain groups of patients. Conclusion: The observed current trend revealed the tendency to define the clinical-biological particularities of the person to be screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Maria Isailă
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lavinia-Alexandra Moroianu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Metastasis: Focus on Laryngeal Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092148. [PMID: 36140250 PMCID: PMC9496235 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In epithelial neoplasms, such as laryngeal carcinoma, the survival indexes deteriorate abruptly when the tumor becomes metastatic. A molecular phenomenon that normally appears during embryogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is reactivated at the initial stage of metastasis when tumor cells invade the adjacent stroma. The hallmarks of this phenomenon are the abolishment of the epithelial and acquisition of mesenchymal traits by tumor cells which enhance their migratory capacity. EMT signaling is mediated by complex molecular pathways that regulate the expression of crucial molecules contributing to the tumor’s metastatic potential. Effectors of EMT include loss of adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, evasion of apoptosis and immune surveillance, upregulation of metalloproteinases, neovascularization, acquisition of stem-cell properties, and the activation of tumor stroma. However, the current approach to EMT involves a holistic model that incorporates the acquisition of potentials beyond mesenchymal transition. As EMT is inevitably associated with a reverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), a model of partial EMT is currently accepted, signifying the cell plasticity associated with invasion and metastasis. In this review, we identify the cumulative evidence which suggests that various aspects of EMT theory apply to laryngeal carcinoma, a tumor of significant morbidity and mortality, introducing novel molecular targets with prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Kalaimani L, Devarajan B, Namperumalsamy VP, Veerappan M, Daniels JT, Chidambaranathan GP. Hsa-miR-143-3p inhibits Wnt-β-catenin and MAPK signaling in human corneal epithelial stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11432. [PMID: 35794158 PMCID: PMC9259643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated hsa-miR-143-3p as one of the highly expressed miRNAs in enriched corneal epithelial stem cells (CESCs). Hence this study aims to elucidate the regulatory role of hsa-miR-143-3p in the maintenance of stemness in CESCs. The target genes of hsa-miR-143-3p were predicted and subjected to pathway analysis to select the targets for functional studies. Primary cultured limbal epithelial cells were transfected with hsa-miR-143-3p mimic, inhibitor or scrambled sequence using Lipofectamine 3000. The transfected cells were analysed for (i) colony forming potential, (ii) expression of stem cell (SC) markers/ transcription factors (ABCG2, NANOG, OCT4, KLF4, ΔNp63), (iii) differentiation marker (Cx43), (iv) predicted five targets of hsa-miR-143-3p (DVL3, MAPK1, MAPK14, KRAS and KAT6A), (v) MAPK signaling regulators and (vi) Wnt-β-catenin signaling regulators by qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and/or Western blotting. High expression of hsa-miR-143-3p increased the colony forming potential (10.04 ± 1.35%, p < 0.001) with the ability to form holoclone-like colonies in comparison to control (3.33 ± 0.71%). The mimic treated cells had increased expression of SC markers but reduced expression of Cx43 and hsa-miR-143-3p targets involved in Wnt-β-catenin and MAPK signaling pathways. The expression of β-catenin, active β-catenin and ERK2 in hsa-miR-143-3p inhibitor transfected cells were higher than the control cells and the localized nuclear expression indicated the activation of Wnt and MAPK signaling. Thus, the probable association of hsa-miR-143-3p in the maintenance of CESCs through inhibition of Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways was thus indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Kalaimani
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625020, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation-Affiliated to Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.,Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bharanidharan Devarajan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthukkaruppan Veerappan
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625020, India
| | - Julie T Daniels
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gowri Priya Chidambaranathan
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625020, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation-Affiliated to Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Falco M, Tammaro C, Takeuchi T, Cossu AM, Scafuro G, Zappavigna S, Itro A, Addeo R, Scrima M, Lombardi A, Ricciardiello F, Irace C, Caraglia M, Misso G. Overview on Molecular Biomarkers for Laryngeal Cancer: Looking for New Answers to an Old Problem. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1716. [PMID: 35406495 PMCID: PMC8997012 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) accounts for almost 25-30% of all head and neck squamous cell cancers and is clustered according to the affected districts, as this determines distinct tendency to recur and metastasize. A major role for numerous genetic alterations in driving the onset and progression of this neoplasm is emerging. However, major efforts are still required for the identification of molecular markers useful for both early diagnosis and prognostic definition of LSCC that is still characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Non-coding RNAs appear the most promising as they circulate in all the biological fluids allowing liquid biopsy determination, as well as due to their quick and characteristic modulation useful for non-invasive detection and monitoring of cancer. Other critical aspects are related to recent progress in circulating tumor cells and DNA detection, in metastatic status and chemo-refractoriness prediction, and in the functional interaction of LSCC with chronic inflammation and innate immunity. We review all these aspects taking into account the progress of the technologies in the field of next generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Falco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Chiara Tammaro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Takashi Takeuchi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- Molecular Diagnostics Division, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Scafuro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Annalisa Itro
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Addeo
- Oncology Operative Unit, Hospital of Frattamaggiore, ASLNA-2NORD, 80020 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marianna Scrima
- Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | | | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (C.T.); (T.T.); (A.M.C.); (G.S.); (S.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
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Papanikolaou V, Chrysovergis A, Mastronikolis S, Tsiambas E, Ragos V, Peschos D, Spyropoulou D, Pantos P, Niotis A, Mastronikolis N, Kyrodimos E. Impact of K-Ras Over-expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In Vivo 2021; 35:1611-1615. [PMID: 33910843 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oncogene up-regulation combined with suppressor gene down-regulation is a crucial genetic combination that promotes cell neoplastic phenotype and progressively malignant transformation in solid malignancies, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Among oncogenes, the Kirsten ras oncogene homolog (K-Ras) is involved in LSCC onset and progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty (n=60) primary LSCC tissue sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Digital image analysis (DIA) was also implemented for measuring K-Ras protein expression levels. RESULTS High K-Ras protein expression levels were observed in 20/60 (33.3%) LSCC tissue sections, whereas the rest of the cases (n=40; 66.7%) demonstrated low expression. Overall K-Ras expression was borderline significantly associated to the grade of the examined malignancies (p=0.048), whereas no other strong statistical correlations were identified. A progressive K-Ras overexpression was observed in all grades of the examined cases. CONCLUSION K-Ras over expression is correlated to a progressive dedifferentiation in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1 ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Chang K, Wei Z, Cao H. miR-375-3p inhibits the progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:80. [PMID: 32863913 PMCID: PMC7436894 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed head and neck cancers worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) regulate the progression of tumorigenesis and the malignant behaviors of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of miR-375-3p in LSCC. The expression of miR-375-3p in LSCC tissues and cells was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The effects of miR-375-3p on the malignant phenotype of LSCC cells was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The targets of miR-375-3p were predicted using the miRDB database and confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-375-3p was downregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-375-3p significantly suppressed the proliferation and cell cycle progression of LSCC cells. Overexpression of miR-375-3p also increased LSCC cell apoptosis. Mechanistical analysis indicated that miR-375-3p bound the 3′-untranslated region of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) and decreased its expression in LSCC cells. Consistent with the role of HNF1β in glucose metabolism, overexpression of miR-375-3p significantly inhibited glucose consumption and lactate production in LSCC cells. Transfection with HNF1β notably reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-375-3p on the proliferation of LSCC cells. Collectively, these results indicate the tumor suppressive role of miR-375-3p in LSCC via HNF1β, suggesting that miR-375-3p may serve as a potential target in the treatment of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Yin CY, Zhang SS, Zhong JT, Zhou SH. Pepsin and Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 14:159-168. [PMID: 32734742 PMCID: PMC8111387 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2020.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas are common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and the incidence of both is increasing. Laryngopharyngeal reflux refers to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx, and/or nasopharynx. It remains controversial whether laryngopharyngeal reflux is a risk factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. The refluxing substances mainly include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and occasionally bile acids and bile salts, as well as bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Loss of epithelium in the mucous membrane of the larynx and hypopharynx is thought to be caused by pepsin. Here, we review the relationships between laryngopharyngeal reflux and both laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas, as well as the significance of pepsin, methods of clinical detection, and the mechanism of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha-Sha Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Tokumaru Y, Takabe K, Yoshida K, Akao Y. Effects of MIR143 on rat sarcoma signaling networks in solid tumors: A brief overview. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1076-1083. [PMID: 32077199 PMCID: PMC7156858 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat sarcoma (RAS) is a well-known oncogene that plays important roles in cancer proliferation, cell survival and cell invasion. RAS exists as three major isoforms, Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS), Harvey rat sarcoma (HRAS) and neuroblastoma rat sarcoma (NRAS). Mutations of these genes account for approximately 30% of all cancers. Among them, KRAS mutations are the most common, responsible for 85%, followed by NRAS (12%) and HRAS (3%). Although the development of RAS inhibitors has been explored for over the past decade, so far, no effective inhibitor has been found. MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of small non-coding RNA that control the gene expression of pleural target genes at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNA play critical roles in the physiological and pathological processes at work in cancers, such as cell proliferation, cell death, cell invasion and metastasis. MicroRNA-143 (MIR143) is known to function as a tumor suppressor in a variety of cancers. One of its known mechanisms is suppression of RAS expression and its effector signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK. Within the last five years, we developed a potent chemically modified MIR143-3p that enabled us to elucidate the details of the KRAS signaling networks at play in colon and other cancer cells. In this review, we will discuss the role of MIR143-3p in those RAS signaling networks that are related to various biological processes of cancer cells. In addition, we will discuss the possibility of the use of MIR143 as a therapeutic drug for targeting RAS signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Tokumaru
- Breast SurgeryDepartment of Surgical OncologyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNew York
- Department of Surgical OncologyGraduate School of MedicineGifu UniversityGifuJapan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Breast SurgeryDepartment of Surgical OncologyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNew York
- Department of SurgeryUniversity at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew York
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Surgical OncologyGraduate School of MedicineGifu UniversityGifuJapan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug and Medical Information SciencesGifu UniversityGifuJapan
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10
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Silencing of miR-17-5p suppresses cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by directly targeting PIK3R1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:14. [PMID: 31938022 PMCID: PMC6954602 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as key post-transcriptional regulators in tumor progression. Previous studies have confirmed that miR-17-5p functions as an oncogene in multiple cancers and contributes to tumor progression. However, the role and biological functions of miR-17-5p in the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) still remain unknown. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect miRNA and mRNA expression levels in LSCC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell viability and flow cytometry was performed to evaluate cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein levels of BAX, BCL-2, cleaved Caspase-3, PIK3R1 and AKT. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the effect of miR-17-5p on PIK3R1 expression. Xenograft animal model was used to test the effect of miR-17-5p on LSCC cell in vivo. Results In the present study, we found that miR-17-5p expression level was upregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. Depletion of miR-17-5p in LSCC cells significantly reduced cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, knockdown of miR-17-5p in LSCC cells inhibited BCL-2 expression while enhanced BAX and cleaved Caspase-3 protein expression. Moreover, depletion of miR-17-5p in LSCC cells suppressed AKT phosphorylation but did not influence PTEN expression. Importantly, miR-17-5p positively regulated PIK3R1 expression by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region (UTR). Additionally, PIK3R1, which expression was downregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines, was involved in LSCC cell survival by modulating the activation of AKT signal pathway. Dysregulation of miR-17-5p/PIK3R1 axis was participated in LSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusions In conclusion, our study indicates that the miR-17-5p/PIK3R1 axis plays an essential role in the development of LSCC and provides a potential therapeutic target for LSCC treatment.
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Xu Q, Liu H, Yu B, Chen W, Zhai L, Li X, Fang Y. Long noncoding RNA ZEB2-AS1 facilitates laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression by miR-6840-3p/PLXNB1 axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7337-7345. [PMID: 31564916 PMCID: PMC6735660 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s212749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role of zinc finger E‑box‑binding homeobox 2 antisense RNA 1 (ZEB2-AS1) in regulating laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) progression. Patients and methods In this retrospective study, we included all patients who underwent a surgical operation at The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City for LSCC. Then, we compared the expression of ZEB2-AS1 in LSCC tissues and paired healthy tissues. Besides, we also performed a series of functional assays, CCK8 assays, colony formation assays, and transwell assays to examine the functions of LSCC cells after knockdown of ZEB2-AS1. Through bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that ZEB2-AS1 binds to miR-6840-3p and targets PLXNB1. Results We indicated that the expression of ZEB2-AS1 was higher in LSCC tissues compared to the paired adjacent tissues, and ZEB2-AS1 was also highly expressed in LSCC cell lines. Furthermore, we discovered that ZEB2-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and was associated with poor prognosis. To find the mechanism, we performed bioinformatics analysis. We identified that ZEB2-AS1 binds to miR-6840-3p and targets PLXNB1. Additionally, miR-6840-3p overexpression or knockdown of PLXNB1 decreased the abilities of cell migration and invasion. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that overexpression of ZEB2-AS1 promotes LSCC progression. Overexpression of miR-6840-3p or downregulation of PLXNB1 can abrogate ZEB2-AS1-mediated LSCC malignant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Xu
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhai
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - XueYing Li
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Fang
- Pathology Department, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, Guangzhou, Heilongjiang 161000, People's Republic of China
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