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Wei L, Liu S, Xie Z, Tang G, Lei X, Yang X. The interaction between m6A modification and noncoding RNA in tumor microenvironment on cancer progression. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112824. [PMID: 39116490 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer development is thought to be closely related to aberrant epigenetic regulation, aberrant expression of specific non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and tumor microenvironment (TME). The m6A methylation is one of the most abundant RNA modifications found in eukaryotes, and it can determine the fate of RNA at the post-transcriptional level through a variety of mechanisms, which affects important biological processes in the organism. The m6A methylation modification is involved in RNA processing, regulation of RNA nuclear export or localisation, RNA degradation and RNA translation. This process affects the function of mRNAs and ncRNAs, thereby influencing the biological processes of cancer cells. TME accelerates and promotes cancer generation and progression during tumor development. The m6A methylation interacting with ncRNAs is closely linked to TME formation. Mutual regulation and interactions between m6A methylation and ncRNAs in TME create complex networks and mediate the progression of various cancers. In this review, we will focus on the interactions between m6A modifications and ncRNAs in TME, summarising the molecular mechanisms by which m6A interacts with ncRNAs to affect TME and their roles in the development of different cancers. This work will help to deepen our understanding of tumourigenesis and further explore new targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushan Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guotao Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhang L, Mao Z, Yin K, Wang S. Review of METTL3 in colorectal cancer: From mechanisms to the therapeutic potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134212. [PMID: 39069066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant modification in mRNAs, affects the fate of the modified RNAs at the post-transcriptional level and participants in various biological and pathological processes. Increasing evidence shows that m6A modification plays a role in the progression of many malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). As the only catalytic subunit in methyltransferase complex, methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is essential to the performance of m6A modification. It has been found that METTL3 is associated with the prognosis of CRC and significantly influences various aspects of CRC, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis, metabolism, tumor microcirculation, tumor microenvironment, and drug resistance. The relationship between METTL3 and gut-microbiota is also involved into the progression of CRC. Furthermore, METTL3 might be a viable target for CRC treatment to prolong survival. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the function of METTL3 in CRC and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We aim to deepen understanding and offer new ideas for diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhenwei Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, China.
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3
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Zhang H, Sun F, Jiang S, Yang F, Dong X, Liu G, Wang M, Li Y, Su M, Wen Z, Yu C, Fan C, Li X, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li B. METTL protein family: focusing on the occurrence, progression and treatment of cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:105. [PMID: 39289775 PMCID: PMC11409517 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like protein is a ubiquitous enzyme-like protein in the human body, with binding domains for nucleic acids, proteins and other small molecules, and plays an important role in a variety of biological behaviours in normal organisms and diseases, characterised by the presence of a methyltransferase-like structural domain and a structurally conserved SAM-binding domain formed by the seven-stranded β-fold structure in the center of the protein. With the deepening of research, the METTL protein family has been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor diseases, and the clarification of its relationship with tumor diseases can be used as a molecular therapeutic target and has an important role in the prognosis of tumors. In this paper, we review the structure, biological process, immunotherapy, drug-targeted therapy, and markers of the METTL protein family to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhu Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fulin Sun
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shuyao Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fanghao Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaolei Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151, Guangwen Streer, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mohan Su
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ziyuan Wen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chunjuan Yu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chenkai Fan
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Haici Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Zhang R, Chen P, Wang Y, Zeng Z, Yang H, Li M, Liu X, Yu W, Hou P. Targeting METTL3 enhances the chemosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells by decreasing ABCC2 expression in an m 6A-YTHDF1-dependent manner. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4750-4766. [PMID: 39309428 PMCID: PMC11414383 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.97425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are easily resistant to first-line chemotherapy with paclitaxel (PTX) or carboplatin (CBP). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) has crucial functions in m6A modification and tumorigenesis. However, its role in chemoresistance of NSCLC is still elusive. Here, we demonstrated that METTL3 inhibitor STM2457 significantly reduced the IC50 values of PTX or CBP in NSCLC cells, and they showed a synergistic effect. Comparing with monotherapy, a combination of STM2457 and PTX or CBP exhibited more potent in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. In addition, we found that ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 (ABCC2) was responsively elevated in cytomembrane after PTX or CBP treatment, and targeting METTL3 could reverse this effect. Mechanistically, targeting METTL3 decreased the m6A modification of ABCC2 mRNA and accelerated its mRNA degradation. Further studies revealed that YTHDF1 could bind and stabilize the m6A-modified mRNA of ABCC2, while YTHDF1 knockdown promoted it mRNA degradation. These results, taken together, demonstrate that targeting METTL3 enhances the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX or CBP by decreasing the cytomembrane-localized ABCC2 in an m6A-YTHDF1-dependent manner, and suggest that METTL3 may be a potential therapeutic target for acquired resistance to PTX or CBP in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pu Chen
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Wang
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zekun Zeng
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Huini Yang
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mengdan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hou
- International Joint Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
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Chen D, Gu X, Nurzat Y, Xu L, Li X, Wu L, Jiao H, Gao P, Zhu X, Yan D, Li S, Xue C. Writers, readers, and erasers RNA modifications and drug resistance in cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:178. [PMID: 39215288 PMCID: PMC11363509 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in cancer cells significantly diminishes treatment efficacy, leading to recurrence and metastasis. A critical factor contributing to this resistance is the epigenetic alteration of gene expression via RNA modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), 7-methylguanosine (m7G), pseudouridine (Ψ), and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing. These modifications are pivotal in regulating RNA splicing, translation, transport, degradation, and stability. Governed by "writers," "readers," and "erasers," RNA modifications impact numerous biological processes and cancer progression, including cell proliferation, stemness, autophagy, invasion, and apoptosis. Aberrant RNA modifications can lead to drug resistance and adverse outcomes in various cancers. Thus, targeting RNA modification regulators offers a promising strategy for overcoming drug resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy. This review consolidates recent research on the role of prevalent RNA modifications in cancer drug resistance, with a focus on m6A, m1A, m5C, m7G, Ψ, and A-to-I editing. Additionally, it examines the regulatory mechanisms of RNA modifications linked to drug resistance in cancer and underscores the existing limitations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yeltai Nurzat
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lixin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Henan Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xuqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Dongming Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Chen Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Ren H, Wang M, Ma X, An L, Guo Y, Ma H. METTL3 in cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived exosomes promotes the proliferation and metastasis and suppresses ferroptosis in colorectal cancer by eliciting ACSL3 m6A modification. Biol Direct 2024; 19:68. [PMID: 39160584 PMCID: PMC11331890 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been reported that can affect cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, ferroptosis, and immune escape. METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenine (m6A) modification is involved in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we investigated whether METTL3-dependent m6A in CAFs-derived exosomes (exo) affected CRC progression. METHODS qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses detected levels of mRNAs and proteins. Cell proliferation and metastasis were evaluated using MTT, colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays, respectively. Cell ferroptosis was assessed by detecting cell viability and the levels of Fe+, reactive oxygen species, and glutathione after erastin treatment. Exosomes were isolated from CAFs by ultracentrifugation. The m6A modification profile was determined by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation assay and the interaction between METTL3 and ACSL3 (acyl-CoA synthetase 3) was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal models were established for in vivo analysis. RESULTS CAFs promoted CRC cell proliferation and metastasis, and suppressed cell ferroptosis. METTL3 was enriched in CAFs and was packaged into exosomes. The m6A modification and METTL3 expression were increased in CRC samples. Knockdown of METTL3 in CAFs-exo suppressed CRC cell proliferation and metastasis, and induced cell ferroptosis. Mechanistically, METTL3 induced ACSL3 m6A modification and stabilized its expression. The anticancer effects mediated by METTL3-silenced CAFs-exo could be rescued by ACSL3 overexpression. Moreover, in vivo assay also showed that CAFs-exo with decreased METTL3 could hinder CRC growth and metastasis in mice models. CONCLUSION CAFs promoted the proliferation and metastasis, and restrained the ferroptosis in CRC by exosomal METTL3-elicited ACSL3 m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Mincong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Xiulong Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Lei An
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Yuyan Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Hongbing Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 57, Siwu Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
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Ren B, Li X, Zhang Z, Tai S, Yu S. Exosomes: a significant medium for regulating drug resistance through cargo delivery. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1379822. [PMID: 39135913 PMCID: PMC11317298 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1379822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small lipid nanovesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm. They are present in all body fluids and are actively secreted by the majority of cells through the process of exocytosis. Exosomes play an essential role in intercellular communication and act as significant molecular carriers in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, such as the emergence of drug resistance in tumors. Tumor-associated exosomes transfer drug resistance to other tumor cells by releasing substances such as multidrug resistance proteins and miRNAs through exosomes. These substances change the cell phenotype, making it resistant to drugs. Tumor-associated exosomes also play a role in impacting drug resistance in other cells, like immune cells and stromal cells. Exosomes alter the behavior and function of these cells to help tumor cells evade immune surveillance and form a tumor niche. In addition, exosomes also export substances such as tumoricidal drugs and neutralizing antibody drugs to help tumor cells resist drug therapy. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of exosomes in promoting drug resistance by delivering cargo in the context of the tumor microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixuan Ren
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Lyu P, Gu X, Wang F, Sun H, Zhou Q, Yang S, Yuan W. Advances in targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts through single-cell spatial transcriptomic sequencing. Biomark Res 2024; 12:73. [PMID: 39075612 PMCID: PMC11287900 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major components of the tumor microenvironment and are related to tumor proliferation, metastasis, relapse, and drug resistance. With the development of sequencing technologies, single-cell RNA sequencing has become a popular method for identifying CAFs in the tumor microenvironment. Whereas the drawbacks of CAFs, such as the lack of a spatial landscape, still exist, recent research has utilized spatial transcriptomics combined with single-cell RNA sequencing to address this issue. These multiomics analyses can resolve the single-cell resolution problem in spatial transcriptomics. In this review, we summarized the recent literature regarding the targeting of CAFs to address drug resistance, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming and metastasis in tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Lyu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoming Gu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Fuqi Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Shuaixi Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Barathan M, Zulpa AK, Ng SL, Lokanathan Y, Ng MH, Law JX. Innovative Strategies to Combat 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: The Role of Phytochemicals and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7470. [PMID: 39000577 PMCID: PMC11242358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health challenge, with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance being a major obstacle to effective treatment. Despite advancements, resistance to 5-FU remains formidable due to complex mechanisms such as alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, dysregulation of cell cycle dynamics, tumor microenvironment (TME) interactions, and extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated resistance pathways. Traditional chemotherapy often results in high toxicity, highlighting the need for alternative approaches with better efficacy and safety. Phytochemicals (PCs) and EVs offer promising CRC therapeutic strategies. PCs, derived from natural sources, often exhibit lower toxicity and can target multiple pathways involved in cancer progression and drug resistance. EVs can facilitate targeted drug delivery, modulate the immune response, and interact with the TME to sensitize cancer cells to treatment. However, the potential of PCs and engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance and reshaping the immunosuppressive TME in CRC remains underexplored. Addressing this gap is crucial for identifying innovative therapies with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicities. This review explores the multifaceted mechanisms of 5-FU resistance in CRC and evaluates the synergistic effects of combining PCs with 5-FU to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Additionally, it investigates engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance by serving as drug delivery vehicles and modulating the TME. By synthesizing the current knowledge and addressing research gaps, this review enhances the academic understanding of 5-FU resistance in CRC, highlighting the potential of interdisciplinary approaches involving PCs and EVs for revolutionizing CRC therapy. Further research and clinical validation are essential for translating these findings into improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttiah Barathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Khusairy Zulpa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sook Luan Ng
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Liu S, Liu M, Li Y, Song Q. N6-methyladenosine-dependent signaling in colorectal cancer: Functions and clinical potential. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104360. [PMID: 38615872 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Despite the gradual expansion of therapeutic options for CRC, its clinical management remains a formidable challenge. And, because of the current dearth of technical means for early CRC screening, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools for this disease. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the predominant RNA modification in eukaryotes, can be recognized by m6A-specific methylated reading proteins to modulate gene expression. Studies have revealed that CRC disrupts m6A homeostasis through various mechanisms, thereby sustaining aberrant signal transduction and promoting its own progression. Consequently, m6A-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have garnered widespread attention. Although utilizing m6A as a biomarker and drug target has demonstrated promising feasibility, existing observations primarily stem from preclinical models; henceforth necessitating further investigation and resolution of numerous outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Gou Z, Li J, Liu J, Yang N. The hidden messengers: cancer associated fibroblasts-derived exosomal miRNAs as key regulators of cancer malignancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1378302. [PMID: 38694824 PMCID: PMC11061421 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1378302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a class of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), play a key role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to chemotherapy. CAFs mediate their activities by secreting soluble chemicals, releasing exosomes, and altering the extracellular matrix (ECM). Exosomes contain various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. microRNA (miRNA), a 22-26 nucleotide non-coding RNA, can regulate the cellular transcription processes. Studies have shown that miRNA-loaded exosomes secreted by CAFs engage in various regulatory communication networks with other TME constituents. This study focused on the roles of CAF-derived exosomal miRNAs in generating cancer malignant characteristics, including immune modulation, tumor growth, migration and invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and treatment resistance. This study thoroughly examines miRNA's dual regulatory roles in promoting and suppressing cancer. Thus, changes in the CAF-derived exosomal miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients, and their specificity can be used to develop newer therapies. This review also discusses the pressing problems that require immediate attention, aiming to inspire researchers to explore more novel avenues in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gou
- Bethune First Clinical School of Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Liu WW, Zheng SQ, Li T, Fei YF, Wang C, Zhang S, Wang F, Jiang GM, Wang H. RNA modifications in cellular metabolism: implications for metabolism-targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:70. [PMID: 38531882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is an intricate network satisfying bioenergetic and biosynthesis requirements of cells. Relevant studies have been constantly making inroads in our understanding of pathophysiology, and inspiring development of therapeutics. As a crucial component of epigenetics at post-transcription level, RNA modification significantly determines RNA fates, further affecting various biological processes and cellular phenotypes. To be noted, immunometabolism defines the metabolic alterations occur on immune cells in different stages and immunological contexts. In this review, we characterize the distribution features, modifying mechanisms and biological functions of 8 RNA modifications, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), Pseudouridine (Ψ), adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, which are relatively the most studied types. Then regulatory roles of these RNA modification on metabolism in diverse health and disease contexts are comprehensively described, categorized as glucose, lipid, amino acid, and mitochondrial metabolism. And we highlight the regulation of RNA modifications on immunometabolism, further influencing immune responses. Above all, we provide a thorough discussion about clinical implications of RNA modification in metabolism-targeted therapy and immunotherapy, progression of RNA modification-targeted agents, and its potential in RNA-targeted therapeutics. Eventually, we give legitimate perspectives for future researches in this field from methodological requirements, mechanistic insights, to therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Qing Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yun-Fei Fei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Guan-Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China.
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13
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Cheng S, Xu X, Wang R, Chen W, Qin K, Yan J. Chondroprotective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in osteoarthritis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024; 56:31-44. [PMID: 38012335 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09991-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocyte ferroptosis constitutes a major cause of the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) have a protective role against ferroptosis in various diseases. Hence, we aimed to determine whether BMSC-Exos alleviated chondrocyte ferroptosis and its effect on OA, and to dissect out the possible mechanisms. An OA rat chondrocyte model was established by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) exposure, and treated with BMSC-Exos/ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1. Cell viability/ferroptosis-related index levels [reactive oxygen species (ROS)/malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH)]/cell death/ACSL4 mRNA and protein levels and METTL3 levels were assessed by MTT/kits/immunohistochemical method and TUNEL staining/RT-qPCR and Western blot. METTL3/ACSL4 were overexpressed in rat chondrocytes to evaluate their role in BMSC-Exo-produced repression on chondrocyte ferroptosis. Bioinformatics website predicted the presence of m6A modification sites on ACSL4 mRNA, with the m6A level enriched on it assessed by MeRIP/RT-qPCR. ACSL4 mRNA stability was detected by actinomycin D assay. A surgical destabilized medial meniscus rat OA model was also established, followed by injection with BMSC-Exos to verify their function. IL-1β stimulation in rat chondrocytes inhibited cell viability, elevated Fe2+/ROS/MDA levels, declined GSH levels and increased TUNEL positive cell number and ACSL4 level, which were neutralized by BMSC-Exos. BMSC-Exos limited chondrocyte ferroptosis by down-regulating METTL3, with the effect abrogated by METTL3 overexpression. METTL3 regulated the m6A modification of ACSL4 mRNA, increasing ACSL4 mRNA stability and ACSL4 expression. BMSC-Exos reduced chondrocyte ferroptosis and prevented OA progression via disruption of the METTL3-m6A-ACSL4 axis. BMSC-Exos might exert a chondroprotective effect by attenuating chondrocyte ferroptosis and alleviate OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China
| | - Xiangning Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China
| | - Kunhan Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150010, China.
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14
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Lin YH. The effects of intracellular and exosomal ncRNAs on cancer progression. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1587-1597. [PMID: 37884579 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Altered gene expression as well as mislocalization of a gene's encoded product (proteins or noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs)) can lead to disease and cancer formation. Multiple studies have indicated that exosomes and their contents act as cell-to-cell communicators and play a key role in cancer progression. Moreover, exosomes contain several functional molecules, including ncRNAs. NcRNAs function as master regulators to coordinate cell growth, cell motility and drug resistance. However, intracellular ncRNAs, which can be transferred to recipient cells via exosomes (exosomal ncRNAs), mediate common/distinct downstream molecules, signaling pathways and functions that are less emphasized concepts in cancer development research. In this study, by using exosomes as a model, we comprehensively discuss the current knowledge regarding (1) the functional role of ncRNAs, both their intracellular and exosomal forms, in cancer progression, (2) the possible mechanism of ncRNA incorporation into exosomes and (3) the therapeutic applications and limitations of exosomes based on current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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15
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Wang M, Liu Z, Fang X, Cong X, Hu Y. The emerging role of m 6A modification of non-coding RNA in gastrointestinal cancers: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1264552. [PMID: 37965577 PMCID: PMC10642577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1264552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a series of malignant tumors with a high incidence globally. Although approaches for tumor diagnosis and therapy have advanced substantially, the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of GI cancer are still unclear. Increasing evidence supports an important role for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in many biological processes, including cancer-related processes via splicing, export, degradation, and translation of mRNAs. Under distinct cancer contexts, m6A regulators have different expression patterns and can regulate or be regulated by mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs. The roles of m6A in cancer development have attracted increasing attention in epigenetics research. In this review, we synthesize progress in our understanding of m6A and its roles in GI cancer, especially esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Furthermore, we clarify the mechanism by which m6A contributes to GI cancer, providing a basis for the development of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Biobank, the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Biobank, the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Jayasree PJ, Dutta S, Karemore P, Khandelia P. Crosstalk Between m6A RNA Methylation and miRNA Biogenesis in Cancer: An Unholy Nexus. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00921-w. [PMID: 37831403 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent internal reversible chemical modification of RNAs in eukaryotes, which has attracted widespread attention recently owing to its regulatory roles in a plethora of normal developmental processes and human diseases like cancer. Deposition of the m6A mark on RNAs is mediated by the dynamic interplay between m6A regulatory proteins such as m6A RNA methyltransferases (m6A writers), m6A RNA demethylases (m6A erasers) and m6A RNA binding proteins (m6A readers). m6A regulators are ectopically expressed in various cancer types, often leading to aberrant expression of tumor-suppressor and oncogenic mRNAs either directly or indirectly via regulating the biogenesis of non-coding RNAs like miRNAs. miRNAs are tiny regulators of gene expression, which often impact various hallmarks of cancer and thus influence tumorigenesis. It is becoming increasingly clear that m6A RNA modification impacts biogenesis and function of miRNAs, and recent studies have interestingly, uncovered many miRNAs whose biogenesis and function are regulated by m6A writers, erasers and readers. In this review, we discuss various mechanisms by which m6A RNA methylation regulates miRNA biogenesis, the functional crosstalk between m6A RNA methylation and miRNAs and how it modulates various aspects of tumorigenesis. The potential of m6A RNA methylation regulated miRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets to treat various cancers is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Jayasree
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Shalmoli Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Pragati Karemore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Piyush Khandelia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India.
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17
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Luo D, Liang Y, Wang Y, Ye F, Jin Y, Li Y, Han D, Wang Z, Chen B, Zhao W, Wang L, Chen X, Jiang L, Yang Q. Long non-coding RNA MIDEAS-AS1 inhibits growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via transcriptionally activating NCALD. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:109. [PMID: 37770991 PMCID: PMC10540452 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with higher aggressiveness and poorer outcomes. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become the crucial gene regulators in the progression of human cancers. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in TNBC remains unclear. METHODS Based on public databases and bioinformatics analyses, the low expression of lncRNA MIDEAS-AS1 in breast cancer tissues was detected and further validated in a cohort of TNBC tissues. The effects of MIDEAS-AS1 on proliferation, migration, invasion were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA pull-down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were carried out to reveal the interaction between MIDEAS-AS1 and MATR3. Luciferase reporter assay, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the regulatory effect of MIDEAS-AS1/MATR3 complex on NCALD. RESULTS LncRNA MIDEAS-AS1 was significantly downregulated in TNBC, which was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in TNBC patients. MIDEAS-AS1 overexpression remarkably inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MIDEAS-AS1 mainly located in the nucleus and interacted with the nuclear protein MATR3. Meanwhile, NCALD was selected as the downstream target, which was transcriptionally regulated by MIDEAS-AS1/MATR3 complex and further inactivated NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, rescue experiment showed that the suppression of cell malignant phenotype caused by MIDEAS-AS1 overexpression could be reversed by inhibition of NCALD. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results demonstrate that MIDEAS-AS1 serves as a tumor-suppressor in TNBC through modulating MATR3/NCALD axis, and MIDEAS-AS1 may function as a prognostic biomarker for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fangzhou Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhan Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dianwen Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zekun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Liyu Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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18
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Yao J, Song Y, Yu X, Lin Z. Interaction between N 6-methyladenosine modification and the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Mol Med 2023; 29:129. [PMID: 37737134 PMCID: PMC10515252 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are rapidly increasing worldwide. Recently, there has been significant attention given to N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most common mRNA modification, especially for its effects on CRC development. It is important to note that the progression of CRC would be greatly hindered without the tumor microenvironment (TME). The interaction between CRC cells and their surroundings can activate and influence complex signaling mechanisms of epigenetic changes to affect the survival of tumor cells with a malignant phenotype. Additionally, the TME is influenced by m6A regulatory factors, impacting the progression and prognosis of CRC. In this review, we describe the interactions and specific mechanisms between m6A modification and the metabolic, hypoxia, inflammatory, and immune microenvironments of CRC. Furthermore, we summarize the therapeutic role that m6A modification can play in the CRC microenvironment, and discuss the current status, limitations, and potential future directions in this field. This review aims to provide new insights into the molecular targets and theoretical foundations for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yao
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeke Song
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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19
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Hu X, Lu Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Zhang M, Mao Y, Chen Z. Progress of regulatory RNA in small extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1225965. [PMID: 37519298 PMCID: PMC10382209 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1225965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with the second highest mortality rate and the third highest incidence rate. Early diagnosis and treatment are important measures to reduce CRC mortality. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as key mediators that facilitate communication between tumor cells and various other cells, playing a significant role in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. Regulatory RNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, serving as crucial factors in promoting CRC cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immune cell differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the vital role of sEVs as biomarkers in CRC diagnosis and their potential application in CRC treatment, highlighting their importance as a promising avenue for further research and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Hu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yukang Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yiping Mao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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20
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Zhuang H, Yu B, Tao D, Xu X, Xu Y, Wang J, Jiao Y, Wang L. The role of m6A methylation in therapy resistance in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:91. [PMID: 37264402 PMCID: PMC10233906 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy resistance is the main cause of cancer treatment failure. The mechanism of therapy resistance is a hot topic in epigenetics. As one of the most common RNA modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is involved in various processes of RNA metabolism, such as stability, splicing, transcription, translation, and degradation. A large number of studies have shown that m6A RNA methylation regulates the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells, but the role of m6A in cancer therapy resistance is unclear. In this review, we summarized the research progress related to the role of m6A in regulating therapy resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhao Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 21500, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, 214400, China
| | - Dan Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 21500, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 21500, China
| | - Yijun Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 21500, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, 214400, China.
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 21500, China.
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21
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Sun S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wei L. Crosstalk between colorectal cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment mediated by exosomal noncoding RNAs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161628. [PMID: 37234178 PMCID: PMC10206140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its morbidity rates are increasing worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are not only closely linked to normal fibroblasts, but also can secrete a variety of substances (including exosomes) to participate in the regulation of the TME. Exosomes can play a key role in intercellular communication by delivering intracellular signaling substances (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, non-coding RNAs), and an increasing number of studies have shown that non-coding RNAs of exosomal origin from CAFs are not only closely associated with the formation of the CRC microenvironment, but also increase the ability of CRC to grow in metastasis, mediate tumor immunosuppression, and are involved in the mechanism of drug resistance in CRC patients receiving. It is also involved in the mechanism of drug resistance after radiotherapy in CRC patients. In this paper, we review the current status and progress of research on CAFs-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linlin Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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22
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Ponzetti M, Rucci N, Falone S. RNA methylation and cellular response to oxidative stress-promoting anticancer agents. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:870-905. [PMID: 36648057 PMCID: PMC10054233 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2165632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the complex network that regulates redox homeostasis often underlies resistant phenotypes, which hinder effective and long-lasting cancer eradication. In addition, the RNA methylome-dependent control of gene expression also critically affects traits of cellular resistance to anti-cancer agents. However, few investigations aimed at establishing whether the epitranscriptome-directed adaptations underlying acquired and/or innate resistance traits in cancer could be implemented through the involvement of redox-dependent or -responsive signaling pathways. This is unexpected mainly because: i) the effectiveness of many anti-cancer approaches relies on their capacity to promote oxidative stress (OS); ii) altered redox milieu and reprogramming of mitochondrial function have been acknowledged as critical mediators of the RNA methylome-mediated response to OS. Here we summarize the current state of understanding on this topic, as well as we offer new perspectives that might lead to original approaches and strategies to delay or prevent the problem of refractory cancer and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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23
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Hussen BM, Dong P, Zhai T, Taheri M, Samadian M. The significance of N6-methyladenosine-modified non-coding RNAs in different disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 946:175644. [PMID: 36921707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most widespread endogenous modification affecting the expression of eukaryotic mRNA transcripts. Recent studies have shown that the m6A marks within non-coding RNAs can affect their functions and expression in a manner similar to that of mRNA-coding genes. Since non-coding RNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders, identification of the role of m6A marks in the regulation of expression of non-coding RNAs can open a new era for identifying underlying mechanisms of several disorders and designing novel therapeutic modalities for a variety of disorders, particularly cancers. Moreover, a number of non-coding RNAs can affect m6A levels. In the current review, we discuss the impacts of m6A marks on the expression of non-coding RNAs in the context of different disorders, such as bone, gastrointestinal, neurologic, renal, pulmonary, hepatic and other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tianyue Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Samadian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Liang Q, Zhou XH. Role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:134-142. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i4.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that has a high incidence in all countries around the world. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a vital component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing an important role in the development of CRC. CAFs can release multiple cytokines and exosomes, activating a variety of related signaling pathways and boosting the processes of the invasion, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance, and immunosuppression in CRC. Thus, CAFs are a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC. Understanding the role and mechanism of CAFs can provide new insights for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liang
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xi-Han Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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25
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Liang Q, Zhou XH, Shen GF, Zhu F, Lian HF, Li X, Zheng JY, Li JP, Deng SM, Huang R. Role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:129-137. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i4.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that has a high incidence in all countries around the world. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a vital component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing an important role in the development of CRC. CAFs can release multiple cytokines and exosomes, activating a variety of related signaling pathways and boosting the processes of the invasion, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance, and immunosuppression in CRC. Thus, CAFs are a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC. Understanding the role and mechanism of CAFs can provide new insights for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liang
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xi-Han Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gao-Fei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Fen Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shui-Miao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
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26
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Liu WW, Zhang ZY, Wang F, Wang H. Emerging roles of m6A RNA modification in cancer therapeutic resistance. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:21. [PMID: 36810281 PMCID: PMC9942381 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Marvelous advancements have been made in cancer therapies to improve clinical outcomes over the years. However, therapeutic resistance has always been a major difficulty in cancer therapy, with extremely complicated mechanisms remain elusive. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification, a hotspot in epigenetics, has gained growing attention as a potential determinant of therapeutic resistance. As the most prevalent RNA modification, m6A is involved in every links of RNA metabolism, including RNA splicing, nuclear export, translation and stability. Three kinds of regulators, "writer" (methyltransferase), "eraser" (demethylase) and "reader" (m6A binding proteins), together orchestrate the dynamic and reversible process of m6A modification. Herein, we primarily reviewed the regulatory mechanisms of m6A in therapeutic resistance, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Then we discussed the clinical potential of m6A modification to overcome resistance and optimize cancer therapy. Additionally, we proposed existing problems in current research and prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Liu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Zhang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. .,Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hefei, China.
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27
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Circulating miRNA Expression Profiles and Machine Learning Models in Association with Response to Irinotecan-Based Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010046. [PMID: 36613487 PMCID: PMC9820223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Despite improvements, chemotherapy remains the backbone of colorectal cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the variation of circulating microRNA expression profiles and the response to irinotecan-based treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer and to identify relevant target genes and molecular functions. Serum samples from 95 metastatic colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. The microRNA expression was tested with a NucleoSpin miRNA kit (Machnery-Nagel, Germany), and a machine learning approach was subsequently applied for microRNA profiling. The top 10 upregulated microRNAs in the non-responders group were hsa-miR-181b-5p, hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-181d-5p, hsa-miR-301a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-30c-5p, and hsa-let-7i-5p. Similarly, the top 10 downregulated microRNAs were hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-215-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-10a-5p, hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-148a-3p, hsa-miR-122-5p, and hsa-miR-17-5p. The upregulation of microRNAs in the miR-181 family and the downregulation of those in the let-7 family appear to be mostly involved with non-responsiveness to irinotecan-based treatment.
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28
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Liu Z, Zou H, Dang Q, Xu H, Liu L, Zhang Y, Lv J, Li H, Zhou Z, Han X. Biological and pharmacological roles of m 6A modifications in cancer drug resistance. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:220. [PMID: 36517820 PMCID: PMC9749187 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance represents the main obstacle in cancer treatment. Drug-resistant cancers exhibit complex molecular mechanisms to hit back therapy under pharmacological pressure. As a reversible epigenetic modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification was regarded to be the most common epigenetic RNA modification. RNA methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6A-binding proteins (readers) are frequently disordered in several tumors, thus regulating the expression of oncoproteins, enhancing tumorigenesis, cancer proliferation, development, and metastasis. The review elucidated the underlying role of m6A in therapy resistance. Alteration of the m6A modification affected drug efficacy by restructuring multidrug efflux transporters, drug-metabolizing enzymes, and anticancer drug targets. Furthermore, the variation resulted in resistance by regulating DNA damage repair, downstream adaptive response (apoptosis, autophagy, and oncogenic bypass signaling), cell stemness, tumor immune microenvironment, and exosomal non-coding RNA. It is highlighted that several small molecules targeting m6A regulators have shown significant potential for overcoming drug resistance in different cancer categories. Further inhibitors and activators of RNA m6A-modified proteins are expected to provide novel anticancer drugs, delivering the therapeutic potential for addressing the challenge of resistance in clinical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoqu Liu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Haijiao Zou
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Qin Dang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Hui Xu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Long Liu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jinxiang Lv
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Huanyun Li
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Zhaokai Zhou
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Pediatric Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Xinwei Han
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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29
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Villanueva JW, Kwong L, Han T, Martinez SA, Shanahan MT, Kanke M, Dow LE, Danko CG, Sethupathy P. Comprehensive microRNA analysis across genome-edited colorectal cancer organoid models reveals miR-24 as a candidate regulator of cell survival. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:792. [DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSomatic mutations drive colorectal cancer (CRC) by disrupting gene regulatory mechanisms. Distinct combinations of mutations can result in unique changes to regulatory mechanisms leading to variability in the efficacy of therapeutics. MicroRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their activity can be altered by oncogenic mutations. However, it is unknown how distinct combinations of CRC-risk mutations differentially affect microRNAs. Here, using genetically-modified mouse intestinal organoid (enteroid) models, we identify 12 different modules of microRNA expression patterns across different combinations of mutations common in CRC. We also show that miR-24-3p is aberrantly upregulated in genetically-modified mouse enteroids irrespective of mutational context. Furthermore, we identify an enrichment of miR-24-3p predicted targets in downregulated gene lists from various mutational contexts compared to WT. In follow-up experiments, we demonstrate that miR-24-3p promotes CRC cell survival in multiple cell contexts. Our novel characterization of genotype-specific patterns of miRNA expression offer insight into the mechanisms that drive inter-tumor heterogeneity and highlight candidate microRNA therapeutic targets for the advancement of precision medicine for CRC.
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30
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Ma M, Ye T, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang S, Li P, Zhao G. N6-methyladenosine Modification of Noncoding RNAs: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122996. [PMID: 36553003 PMCID: PMC9776883 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification remains the most pivotal epigenetic modification on RNA. As we know, m6A not only affects physiological processes but is also involved in carcinoma. Noncoding RNAs play an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of carcinoma. However, a large amount of research is focused on mRNA currently. Insufficient research has been done on the relationship between noncoding RNA (ncRNA) methylation and cancer. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the theoretical knowledge of m6A modification in noncoding RNA, discuss its function in tumorigenesis and progression, and ultimately summarize its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peng Li
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (G.Z.)
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31
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Naito Y, Yoshioka Y, Ochiya T. Intercellular crosstalk between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts via extracellular vesicles. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:367. [PMID: 36424598 PMCID: PMC9686122 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression through direct contact and indirect interactions, such as via secretory molecules. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the principal components of such communication with cancer cells, modulating cancer metastasis and tumour mechanics and influencing angiogenesis, the immune system, and therapeutic resistance. Over the past few years, there has been a significant increase in research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as regulatory agents in intercellular communication. EVs enable the transfer of functional molecules, including proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs), to recipient cells. Cancer cells utilize EVs to dictate the specific characteristics of CAFs within the tumour microenvironment, thereby promoting cancer progression. In response to such "education" by cancer cells, CAFs contribute to cancer progression via EVs. In this review, we summarize experimental data indicating the pivotal roles of EVs in intercellular communication between cancer cells and CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Naito
- grid.410821.e0000 0001 2173 8328Department of Bioregulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602 Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
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32
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Yang Z, Zhang S, Xia T, Fan Y, Shan Y, Zhang K, Xiong J, Gu M, You B. RNA Modifications Meet Tumors. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:3223-3243. [PMID: 36444355 PMCID: PMC9700476 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s391067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications occur through the whole process of gene expression regulation, including transcription, translation, and post-translational processes. They are closely associated with gene expression, RNA stability, and cell cycle. RNA modifications in tumor cells play a vital role in tumor development and metastasis, changes in the tumor microenvironment, drug resistance in tumors, construction of tumor cell-cell "internet", etc. Several types of RNA modifications have been identified to date and have various effects on the biological characteristics of different tumors. In this review, we discussed the function of RNA modifications, including N 6-methyladenine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N 7-methyladenosine (m7G), N 1-methyladenosine (m1A), pseudouridine (Ψ), and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I), in the microenvironment and therapy of solid and liquid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Shan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Gu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo You
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
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Su Z, Xu L, Dai X, Zhu M, Chen X, Li Y, Li J, Ge R, Cheng B, Wang Y. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of m6A regulators in human cancers: a meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8818-8838. [DOI: 10.18632/aging.204371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangci Su
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Leyao Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinning Dai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Zhu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruihan Ge
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Hinder Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via METTL3 Mediated m6A Methylation of COL10A1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4320809. [PMID: 36246404 PMCID: PMC9560815 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4320809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment are key players in tumorigenesis and tumor development. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of CAFs on lung squamous cell carcinoma- (LUSC-) associated remain poorly elucidated. Methods. The microarray dataset GSE22874, containing 30 specimens of primary culture of normal fibroblasts (NFs) and 8 specimens of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) samples derived from LUSC, was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and then calculated by using the R language (limma package) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CAF-conditioned medium (CAF-CM) was collected and used to culture LUSC cells, followed by assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress levels by using CCK-8, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and ELISA assays. Subsequently, COL10A1 was knocked down in CAFs to assess the role of COL10A1 in CAF regulation of LUSC behavior. Bioinformatics online analysis and MeRIP were applied to predict and test the m6A modification of COL10A1 mRNA and the regulatory relationship with METTL3. Rescue experiments were next performed to explore the effects of METTL3 and COL10A1 in CAFs on LUSC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. LUSC tumor cells with or without (COL10A1-silenced) CAFs were subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice to evaluate the effect of COL10A1 in CAFs on LUSC tumor growth. Results. Elevated expression of COL10A1 was found in LUSC-derived CAFs by GSE22874 dataset analysis. We discovered that COL10A1 and METTL3 was expressed in both LUSC cells and matched CAFs, while COL10A1 expression was prominently higher in CAFs than in LUSC cells. CAF-CM memorably encouraged LUSC cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis-induced oxidative stress, which was reversed by interfering with COL10A1 expression in CAFs, suggesting that COL10A1 might be secreted by CAFs into the culture medium to exert its effects inside LUSC cells. Global m6A modification was decreased in METTL3 knocked down CAFs. M6A modification, expression levels, and stability of COL10A1 mRNA were impaired upon METTL3 knockdown in CAFs. Overexpression of COL10A1 in CAFs partially reversed the effect of METTL3 knockdown on the malignant behavior of LUSC cells. In vivo studies confirmed that CAFs accelerated LUSC tumor growth, and this effect was counteracted by COL10A1 silencing. Conclusions. COL10A1 secreted by CAFs could facilitate LUSC cell proliferation and repress apoptosis-induced oxidative stress, and the mechanism was due to elevated expression mediated by METTL3 promoting its mRNA m6A modification, thereby accelerating tumor growth.
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Yuan H, Chen B, Chai R, Gong W, Wan Z, Zheng B, Hu X, Guo Y, Gao S, Dai Q, Yu P, Tu S. Loss of exosomal micro-RNA-200b-3p from hypoxia cancer-associated fibroblasts reduces sensitivity to 5-flourouracil in colorectal cancer through targeting high-mobility group box 3. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920131. [PMID: 36276139 PMCID: PMC9581251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-mediated tumor progression is a major problem in colorectal cancer (CRC). MicroRNA (miR)-200b-3p can attenuate tumorigenesis in CRC, while exosomal miRNAs derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can promote cancer progression. Nevertheless, the function of exosomal miR-200b-3p derived from CAFs in CRC remains unclear. In this study, CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from CRC and adjacent normal tissues. Next, exosomes were isolated from the supernatants of CAFs cultured under normoxia and hypoxia. Cell viability was tested using the cell counting kit-8 assay, and flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated using the transwell assay. Dual-luciferase was used to investigate the relationship between miR-200b-3p and high-mobility group box 3 (HMBG3). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the miR-200b-3p and HMBG3 level. Our results found that the miR-200b-3p level was sharply reduced in CRC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Additionally, the miR-200b-3p level was reduced in exosomes derived from hypoxic CAFs compared to exosomes derived from CAFs under normoxia. Exosomes derived from hypoxic CAFs weakened the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) compared to hypoxic CAFs-derived exosomes. However, hypoxic CAFs-derived exosomes with upregulated miR-200b-3p increased the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) compared to hypoxic CAFs-derived exosomes. In addition, HMBG3 was identified as the downstream target of miR-200b-3p in CRC cells, and its overexpression partially reversed the anti-tumor effect of the miR-200b-3p agomir on CRC via the mediation of the β-catenin/c-Myc axis. Furthermore, compared to exosomes derived from normoxia CAFs, exosomes derived from hypoxic CAFs weakened the therapeutic effects of 5-FU on CRC in vivo via the upregulation of HMGB3 levels. Collectively, the loss of exosomal miR-200b-3p in hypoxia CAFs reduced the sensitivity to 5-FU in CRC by targeting HMGB3. Thus, our research outlines a novel method for the treatment of CRC.
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Chen LJ, Wu L, Wang W, Zhai LL, Xiang F, Li WB, Tang ZG. Long non‑coding RNA 01614 hyperactivates WNT/β‑catenin signaling to promote pancreatic cancer progression by suppressing GSK‑3β. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:116. [PMID: 35929518 PMCID: PMC9387559 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal type of cancer for which effective therapies are limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a critical type of regulator category, mediating the tumorigenesis and development of various tumor types, including PC. However, the expression patterns and functions of numerous lncRNAs in PC remain poorly understood. In the present study, linc01614 was identified as a PC-related lncRNA. linc01614 was notably upregulated in PC tissues and cell lines and was associated with the poor disease-free survival of patients with PC according to the analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas-derived datasets. Functionally, linc01614 knockdown suppressed PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and inhibited tumor proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, linc01614 overexpression stabilized the level of β-catenin protein to hyperactivate the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in PC cells. Further analyses revealed that linc01614 bound to GSK-3β and perturbed the interaction between GSK-3β and AXIN1, thereby preventing the formation of the β-catenin degradation complex and reducing the degradation of β-catenin. In summary, the present findings reveal that linc01614 may function as an oncogene and promote the progression of PC and may thus be considered as a potential therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jiang Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lun Wu
- Department of Breast and Τhyroid Surgery, Experiment Center of Medicine, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhai
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xiang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Bo Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Konrad SM, Schwamborn K, Krüger A, Honert K, Schmitt M, Hellmann D, Schmalfeldt B, Meindl A, Kiechle M, Quante AS, Brambs C, Grill S, Ramser J. NCALD as a potential predictive biomarker for the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Biomark Med 2022; 16:1029-1041. [PMID: 36444691 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Since reliable response predictors to platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer (OC) are scarce, we characterize NCALD as a predictive biomarker. Materials & methods: NCALD mRNA (n = 100) and protein (n = 102) expression was analyzed in OC samples and associated with patient outcome. A stable OC cell line knockdown was generated and cellular response to platinum was explored. Results: High NCALD mRNA and protein expression was significantly associated with longer overall patient survival (p = 0.037/0.002). Knockdown experiments revealed a significant association between cisplatin sensitivity and NCALD expression. Conclusion: Low NCALD expression was associated with reduced sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. NCALD may be a new biomarker candidate to identify patients who might benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Konrad
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site München, & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Achim Krüger
- Institute of Experimental Oncology & Therapy Research, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Katja Honert
- Institute of Experimental Oncology & Therapy Research, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Daniela Hellmann
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Department of Gynecology & Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Anne S Quante
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Christine Brambs
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne, Lucerne, 6000, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Grill
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
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Wei S, Hu W, Feng J, Geng Y. Promotion or remission: a role of noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:150. [PMID: 36131281 PMCID: PMC9490904 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-epidermal-growth-factor-receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are of great significance for RAS and BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. However, the generation of primary and secondary resistance to anti-EGFR mAbs has become an important factor restricting its efficacy. Recent studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are implicated in anti-EGFR antibodies resistance, affecting the sensitivity of CRC cells to Cetuximab and Panitumumab. This paper briefly reviewed the research advance of the expression, signaling network and functional mechanism of ncRNAs related to anti-EGFR mAbs resistance in CRC, as well as their relationship with clinical prognosis and the possibility of therapeutic targets. In addition, some ncRNAs that are involved in the regulation of signaling pathways or genes related to anti-EGFR resistance, but need to be further verified by resistance experiments were also included in this review, thereby providing more ideas and basis for ncRNAs as CRC prognostic markers and anti-EGFR therapy sensitizers. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiting Geng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
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Fang Z, Ding Y, Xue Z, Li P, Li J, Li F. Roles of exosomes as drug delivery systems in cancer immunotherapy: a mini-review. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:74. [PMID: 35962862 PMCID: PMC9375799 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes can be released by a variety of cells and participate in intercellular communication in many physiological processes in the body. They can be used as carriers of cancer therapeutic drugs and have natural delivery capabilities. Some biologically active substances on exosomes, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), have been shown to be involved in exosome-mediated anticancer immune responses and have important regulatory effects on the immune system. Exosome-based drug delivery systems hold great promise in future cancer immunotherapy. However, there are still substantial challenges to be overcome in the clinical application of exosomes as drug carriers. This article reviews the biological characteristics of exosome drug delivery systems and their potential applications and challenges in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yixuan Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peijuan Li
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Zhang F, Liu H, Duan M, Wang G, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Qian Y, Yang Z, Jiang X. Crosstalk among m6A RNA methylation, hypoxia and metabolic reprogramming in TME: from immunosuppressive microenvironment to clinical application. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 35794625 PMCID: PMC9258089 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), which is regulated by intrinsic oncogenic mechanisms and epigenetic modifications, has become a research hotspot in recent years. Characteristic features of TME include hypoxia, metabolic dysregulation, and immunosuppression. One of the most common RNA modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, is widely involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes, including tumor development. Compelling evidence indicates that m6A methylation regulates transcription and protein expression through shearing, export, translation, and processing, thereby participating in the dynamic evolution of TME. Specifically, m6A methylation-mediated adaptation to hypoxia, metabolic dysregulation, and phenotypic shift of immune cells synergistically promote the formation of an immunosuppressive TME that supports tumor proliferation and metastasis. In this review, we have focused on the involvement of m6A methylation in the dynamic evolution of tumor-adaptive TME and described the detailed mechanisms linking m6A methylation to change in tumor cell biological functions. In view of the collective data, we advocate treating TME as a complete ecosystem in which components crosstalk with each other to synergistically achieve tumor adaptive changes. Finally, we describe the potential utility of m6A methylation-targeted therapies and tumor immunotherapy in clinical applications and the challenges faced, with the aim of advancing m6A methylation research.
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41
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Xia Z, Kong F, Wang K, Zhang X. Role of N6-Methyladenosine Methylation Regulators in the Drug Therapy of Digestive System Tumours. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908079. [PMID: 35754499 PMCID: PMC9218687 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system tumours, including stomach, colon, esophagus, liver and pancreatic tumours, are serious diseases affecting human health. Although surgical treatment and postoperative chemoradiotherapy effectively improve patient survival, current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for digestive system tumours lack sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the tumour's tolerance to drug therapy is enhanced owing to tumour cell heterogeneity. Thus, primary or acquired treatment resistance is currently the main hindrance to chemotherapy efficiency. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has various biological functions in RNA modification. m6A modification, a key regulator of transcription expression, regulates RNA metabolism and biological processes through the interaction of m6A methyltransferase ("writers") and demethylase ("erasers") with the binding protein decoding m6A methylation ("readers"). Additionally, m6A modification regulates the occurrence and development of tumours and is a potential driving factor of tumour drug resistance. This review systematically summarises the regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification in the drug therapy of digestive system malignancies. Furthermore, it clarifies the related mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of m6A modification in the resistence of digestive system malignancies to drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhelin Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Fanhua Kong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University, Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Chen X, Jia M, Ji J, Zhao Z, Zhao Y. Exosome-Derived Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer: Possible Functions, Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:887532. [PMID: 35646623 PMCID: PMC9133322 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.887532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death and the third most prevalent malignancy. Colorectal tumors exchange information with the surrounding environment and influence each other, which collectively constitutes the tumor microenvironment (TME) of CRC. Many studies have shown that exosome-derived non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in various pathophysiological processes by regulating the TME of CRC. This review summarizes recent findings on the fundamental roles of exosomal ncRNAs in angiogenesis, vascular permeability, tumor immunity, tumor metabolism and drug resistance. Certainly, the in-depth understanding of exosomal ncRNAs will provide comprehensive insights into the clinical application of these molecules against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Ji
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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