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Klebig C, Seitz S, Arnold W, Deutschmann N, Pacyna-Gengelbach M, Scherneck S, Petersen I. Characterization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor–Associated Protein, a Novel Tumor Suppressor, Showing Reduced Expression in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.394.65.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Frequent allelic loss of the chromosomal region 17p13 in breast cancer has suggested that more tumor suppressor genes, besides p53, are located in this region. By doing suppression subtractive hybridization to detect differentially expressed genes between the breast cancer cell line CAL51 and a nontumorigenic microcell hybrid CAL/17-1, we identified the gene for the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor associated protein (GABARAP), located on 17p13.1. GABARAP displayed high expression levels in the microcell hybrid CAL/17-1 but only weak expression in CAL51 and other breast cancer cell lines tested. Furthermore, we observed large vesicles in CAL/17-1 by immunofluorescence staining, whereas no signal could be detected in the tumor cell line. GABARAP mRNA expression and protein expression were significantly down-regulated in invasive ductal and invasive lobular carcinomas compared with normal breast tissue measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription–PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We assessed that neither mutations in the coding region of the gene nor hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region are responsible for loss of gene expression in CAL51; however, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment was effective in gene up-regulation, suggesting a methylation-dependent upstream effect. Stable transfection of GABARAP into CAL51 resulted in an increase of gene expression and remarkably influenced the ability of colony formation in soft agar and the growth rate in vitro and, moreover, suppressed the tumorigenicity of the cells in nude mice. In summary, our data suggest that GABARAP acts via a vesicle transport mechanism as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Seitz
- 2Department of Tumour Genetics, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine; and
| | | | | | | | - Siegfried Scherneck
- 2Department of Tumour Genetics, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine; and
| | - Iver Petersen
- 1Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Charité
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Janke J, Schlüter K, Jandrig B, Theile M, Kölble K, Arnold W, Grinstein E, Schwartz A, Estevéz-Schwarz L, Schlag PM, Jockusch BM, Scherneck S. Suppression of tumorigenicity in breast cancer cells by the microfilament protein profilin 1. J Exp Med 2000; 191:1675-86. [PMID: 10811861 PMCID: PMC2193149 DOI: 10.1084/jem.191.10.1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential display screening was used to reveal differential gene expression between the tumorigenic breast cancer cell line CAL51 and nontumorigenic microcell hybrids obtained after transfer of human chromosome 17 into CAL51. The human profilin 1 (PFN1) gene was found overexpressed in the microcell hybrid clones compared with the parental line, which displayed a low profilin 1 level. A comparison between several different tumorigenic breast cancer cell lines with nontumorigenic lines showed consistently lower profilin 1 levels in the tumor cells. Transfection of PFN1 cDNA into CAL51 cells raised the profilin 1 level, had a prominent effect on cell growth, cytoskeletal organization and spreading, and suppressed tumorigenicity of the stable, PFN1-overexpressing cell clones in nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed intermediate and low levels of profilin 1 in different human breast cancers. These results suggest profilin 1 as a suppressor of the tumorigenic phenotype of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Janke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schlüter
- Department of Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Burkhard Jandrig
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Michael Theile
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Konrad Kölble
- Institute of Pathology, Charité Hospital, Humboldt University, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Clinic of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Robert Roessle Hospital, 13122 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | | | - Edgar Grinstein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Arnfried Schwartz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Lope Estevéz-Schwarz
- Clinic of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Robert Roessle Hospital, 13122 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Peter M. Schlag
- Clinic of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Robert Roessle Hospital, 13122 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Brigitte M. Jockusch
- Department of Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Scherneck
- Department of Medical Genetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
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