Expression levels of BCL2 and MKI67 in endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women and their correlation with obesity

Identification of Sweetness Preference-Related Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Polygenic Risk Scores Associated with Obesity

Our study aimed to identify sweetness preference-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), characterize the related genetic loci, and develop SNP-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) to analyze their associations with obesity. For genotyping, we utilized a pooled genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset of 18,499 females and 10,878 males. We conducted genome-wide association analyses, functional annotation, and employed the weighted method to calculate the levels of PRS from 677 sweetness preference-related SNPs. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling with time-varying covariates to estimate age-adjusted and multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity incidence. We also tested the correlation between PRS and environmental factors, including smoking and dietary components, on obesity. Our results showed that in males, the TT genotype of rs4861982 significantly increased obesity risk compared to the GG genotype in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) cohort (HR = 1.565; 95% CI, 1.122-2.184; p = 0.008) and in the pooled analysis (HR = 1.259; 95% CI, 1.030-1.540; p = 0.025). Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) was identified as strongly associated with sweetness preference, indicating a positive correlation between sweetness preference and obesity risk. Moreover, each 10 pack-year increment in smoking was significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity in the HPFS cohort (HR = 1.024; 95% CI, 1.000-1.048) in males but not in females. In conclusion, significant associations between rs4861982, sweetness preference, and obesity were identified, particularly among males, where environmental factors like smoking are also correlated with obesity risk.

Preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels as a predictor of recurrence in early-stage endometrial cancer

OBJECTIVE

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries, with a majority of cases being low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancer. Identifying risk factors for disease recurrence and poor prognosis is critical. This study aimed to assess the correlation between preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels and disease recurrence in early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

METHODS

The study was a retrospective analysis of 217 patients diagnosed with endometrioid endometrial cancer who underwent surgical treatment at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on their preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels and compared with clinicopathological findings and disease recurrence. Disease-free survival rates were calculated, and logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent factors affecting disease-free survival.

RESULTS

The mean age of patients was 61.59±0.75 years, and the mean follow-up time was 36.95±1.18 months. The mean cancer antigen-125 level was 27.80±37.81 IU/mL. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the group with elevated cancer antigen-125 levels (p=0.025). Disease-free survival was lower in patients with elevated cancer antigen-125 compared with those with normal levels (p=0.005). Logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated cancer antigen-125 levels were associated with disease recurrence (OR: 3.43, 95%CI 1.13-10.37, p=0.029).

CONCLUSION

The findings of this study suggest that preoperative cancer antigen-125 levels can be used as a predictor of disease recurrence in early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer patients. cancer antigen-125 levels may be a useful tool for risk stratification and patient management in endometrial cancer.

MKI67 an potential oncogene of oral squamous cell carcinoma via the high throughput technology

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the oral cavity, with poor prognosis and easy recurrence. However, the relationship between MKI67 and oral squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear. The oral squamous cell carcinoma datasets GSE138206, GSE146483 and GSE184616 were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed and analyzed by search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes database and Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were used for functional enrichment analysis. GO and KEGG analyses were performed on the whole genome, as formulated by gene set enrichment analysis. comparative toxicogenomics database was used to identify the diseases most associated with the core genes. TargetScan was used to screen miRNA regulating central DEGs. A total of 1472 DEGs were identified. GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the tissues of extracellular matrix, type i interferon signaling pathway, human papillomavirus infection, adhesion spot, hepatitis C and ECM-receptor interaction. Enrichment items were similar to GO and KEGG enrichment items of differentially expressed genes. 10 core genes were obtained, and their expression was different between oral squamous cell carcinoma and normal tissue samples. MKI67 is highly expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and may be an oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Patterns of Immunohistochemical Expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu Tumor Markers in Specific Breast Cancer Lesions

Objective

This study aimed to associate the expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers in specific breast cancer lesions.

Methods

This study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers for 306 patients who presented with lesions. Tissue blocks and patients' identification data were retrieved from the department of pathology, AL Madinah Almonwarah hospital, Al Madinah, UAE.

Results

Of the 306 patients, 104 had benign lesions and 202 had malignancy (including 194 females and 6 males). Most females were presented with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), followed by infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), representing 70%, 23.2%, and 3.7%, respectively. Positive P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2 were identified in 20.8%, 11.9%, 91%, and 18.3%, respectively.

Conclusion

: The expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers among Saudi patients with breast cancer is relatively similar in many parts of the world.

Symptom-related Ki-67 expression in endometrial polyps

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to compare Ki-67 expression in endometrial polyps that present with different abnormal uterine bleeding patterns.

STUDY DESIGN

A total of 120 women diagnosed with endometrial polyps were included in the study. In this prospective study, tissue samples taken by hysteroscopic polypectomy method between September 2019 and September 2020 at Bursa City Hospital were examined. The main study groups were determined as premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. The patients' complaints at first admission to the hospital, demographic, histopathological and immunohistochemical features were recorded.

RESULTS

Ki-67 glandular and stromal expressions were higher in the premenopausal patient group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.005 respectively). Median Ki-67 gland and stroma measurements; was higher in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) than in patients with intermenstrual bleeding (IMB), patients with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB), and patients who were asymptomatic [(p = 0.012, p = 0.011 and p = 0.009 respectively); (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.004 respectively)]. The median Ki-67 stroma measurement was found to be higher in the patient group whose complaint persisted after polypectomy (p = 0.034). In the estimation of response to treatment, the cut-off value for Ki-67 stromal expression was determined as ≤ 6%.

CONCLUSION

High Ki-67 expression in endometrial polyps is associated with HMB and may predict the continuation of abnormal uterine bleeding after polypectomy.