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Capaci V, Arrigoni G, Monasta L, Aloisio M, Rocca G, Di Lorenzo G, Licastro D, Romano F, Ricci G, Ura B. Phospho-DIGE Identified Phosphoproteins Involved in Pathways Related to Tumour Growth in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11987. [PMID: 37569364 PMCID: PMC10419128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy of the endometrium. This study focuses on EC and normal endometrium phosphoproteome to identify differentially phosphorylated proteins involved in tumorigenic signalling pathways which induce cancer growth. We obtained tissue samples from 8 types I EC at tumour stage 1 and 8 normal endometria. We analyzed the phosphoproteome by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), combined with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and mass spectrometry for protein and phosphopeptide identification. Quantities of 34 phosphoproteins enriched by the IMAC approach were significantly different in the EC compared to the endometrium. Validation using Western blotting analysis on 13 patients with type I EC at tumour stage 1 and 13 endometria samples confirmed the altered abundance of HBB, CKB, LDHB, and HSPB1. Three EC samples were used for in-depth identification of phosphoproteins by LC-MS/MS analysis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed several tumorigenic signalling pathways. Our study highlights the involvement of the phosphoproteome in EC tumour growth. Further studies are needed to understand the role of phosphorylation in EC. Our data shed light on mechanisms that still need to be ascertained but could open the path to a new class of drugs that could hinder EC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Capaci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (G.R.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giulia Rocca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (G.R.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | | | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (B.U.)
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Neagu AN, Whitham D, Seymour L, Haaker N, Pelkey I, Darie CC. Proteomics-Based Identification of Dysregulated Proteins and Biomarker Discovery in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, the Most Common Breast Cancer Subtype. Proteomes 2023; 11:proteomes11020013. [PMID: 37092454 PMCID: PMC10123686 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common histological subtype of malignant breast cancer (BC), and accounts for 70–80% of all invasive BCs. IDC demonstrates great heterogeneity in clinical and histopathological characteristics, prognoses, treatment strategies, gene expressions, and proteomic profiles. Significant proteomic determinants of the progression from intraductal pre-invasive malignant lesions of the breast, which characterize a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), to IDC, are still poorly identified, validated, and clinically applied. In the era of “6P” medicine, it remains a great challenge to determine which patients should be over-treated versus which need to be actively monitored without aggressive treatment. The major difficulties for designating DCIS to IDC progression may be solved by understanding the integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic bases of invasion. In this review, we showed that multiple proteomics-based techniques, such as LC–MS/MS, MALDI-ToF MS, SELDI-ToF-MS, MALDI-ToF/ToF MS, MALDI-MSI or MasSpec Pen, applied to in-tissue, off-tissue, BC cell lines and liquid biopsies, improve the diagnosis of IDC, as well as its prognosis and treatment monitoring. Classic proteomics strategies that allow the identification of dysregulated protein expressions, biological processes, and interrelated pathway analyses based on aberrant protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks have been improved to perform non-invasive/minimally invasive biomarker detection of early-stage IDC. Thus, in modern surgical oncology, highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate MS-based detection has been coupled with “proteome point sampling” methods that allow for proteomic profiling by in vivo “proteome point characterization”, or by minimal tissue removal, for ex vivo accurate differentiation and delimitation of IDC. For the detection of low-molecular-weight proteins and protein fragments in bodily fluids, LC–MS/MS and MALDI-MS techniques may be coupled to enrich and capture methods which allow for the identification of early-stage IDC protein biomarkers that were previously invisible for MS-based techniques. Moreover, the detection and characterization of protein isoforms, including posttranslational modifications of proteins (PTMs), is also essential to emphasize specific molecular mechanisms, and to assure the early-stage detection of IDC of the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I bvd. No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Logan Seymour
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Norman Haaker
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Isabella Pelkey
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Cavalloni G, Peraldo-Neia C, Massa A, Bergamini C, Trentini A, De Rosa G, Daniele L, Ciccosanti F, Cervellati C, Leone F, Aglietta M. Proteomic analysis identifies deregulated metabolic and oxidative-associated proteins in Italian intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:865. [PMID: 34320944 PMCID: PMC8317365 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. A molecular classification based on mutational, methylation and transcriptomic features could allow identifying tailored therapies to improve CCA patient outcome. Proteomic remains partially unexplored; here, we analyzed the proteomic profile of five intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) derived from Italian patients undergone surgery and one normal bile duct cell line. Methods Proteome profile was investigated by using 2D electrophoresis followed by Mass Spectrometry (MS). To validate proteomic data, the expression of four overexpressed proteins (CAT, SOD, PRDX6, DBI/ACBP) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in an independent cohort of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) ICC tissues. We also compared proteomic data with those obtained by transcriptomic profile evaluated by microarray analysis of the same tissues. Results We identified 19 differentially expressed protein spots, which were further characterized by MS; 13 of them were up- and 6 were down-regulated in ICC. These proteins are mainly involved in redox processes (CAT, SODM, PRDX2, PRDX6), in metabolism (ACBP, ACY1, UCRI, FTCD, HCMS2), and cell structure and organization (TUB2, ACTB). CAT is overexpressed in 86% of patients, PRDX6 in 73%, SODM in 100%, and DBI/ACBP in 81% compared to normal adjacent tissues. A concordance of 50% between proteomic and transcriptomic data was observed. Conclusions This study pointed out that the impairment of the metabolic and antioxidant systems, with a subsequent accumulation of free radicals, might be a key step in CCA development and progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08576-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Cavalloni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Annamaria Massa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Carlo Bergamini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabiola Ciccosanti
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research, and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Leone
- Department of Oncology, ASL BI, Ospedale degli Infermi di Biella, Ponderano, BI, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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Ura B, Biffi S, Monasta L, Arrigoni G, Battisti I, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Aloisio M, Celsi F, Addobbati R, Valle F, Rampazzo E, Brucale M, Ridolfi A, Licastro D, Ricci G. Two Dimensional-Difference in Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) Proteomic Approach for the Identification of Biomarkers in Endometrial Cancer Serum. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143639. [PMID: 34298850 PMCID: PMC8305989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy arising from the endometrium. Identification of serum biomarkers could be beneficial for its early diagnosis. We have used 2D-Difference In Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS) procedures to investigate the serum proteome of 15 patients with endometrial cancer and 15 non-cancer subjects. We have identified 16 proteins with diagnostic potential, considering only spots with a fold change in %V ≥ 1.5 or ≤0.6 in intensity, which were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Western blotting data analysis confirmed the upregulation of CLU, ITIH4, SERPINC1, and C1RL in endometrial and exosome cancer sera compared to those of control subjects. The application of the logistic regression constructed based on the abundance of these four proteins separated the controls from the cancers with excellent levels of sensitivity and specificity. After a validation phase, our findings support the potential of using the proposed algorithm as a diagnostic tool in the clinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (I.B.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (I.B.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Riccardo Addobbati
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Francesco Valle
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Rampazzo
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Brucale
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Danilo Licastro
- ARGO Laboratorio Genomica ed Epigenomica, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Ura B, Monasta L, Arrigoni G, Licastro D, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Gaita B, Scrimin F, Ricci G. Leiomyoma phosphoproteins involved in inhibition of oxidative stress and synthesis of reactive oxygen species. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:2329-2335. [PMID: 31638170 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle cell tumors originating from the myometrium. The present study focused on leiomyoma and myometrium phosphoproteome enrichment by using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). The phosphoproteome was analyzed by two‑dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. Western blotting was used for data validation. The results from IMAC identified 26 proteins significantly differentially phosphorylated in leiomyomas compared with normal myometrium. Three upregulated proteins (peroxiredoxin 2, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 and peroxiredoxin 4) were further validated by western blotting. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that four phosphoproteins were involved in the inhibition of oxidative stress and synthesis of reactive oxygen species. The present results demonstated for the first time an association between oxidative stress and phosphorylation in leiomyoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, I‑35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Danilo Licastro
- Centro di Biomedicina Molecolare, Area Science Park, I‑34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bartolomea Gaita
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Scrimin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
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Bortot B, De Martino E, Tesser A, Ura B, Ruozi B, Aloisio M, Biffi S, Addobbati R, Tosi G, Dolcetta D, Severini GM. In vitro treatment of congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia using PLGA nanoparticles loaded with GDP‑Man. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:262-272. [PMID: 31115488 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) type Ia is a multisystem disorder that occurs due to mutations in the phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) gene, which encodes for an enzyme involved in the N‑glycosylation pathway. Mutated PMM2 leads to the reduced conversion of mannose‑6‑P to mannose‑1‑P, which results in low concentration levels of guanosine 5'‑diphospho‑D‑mannose (GDP‑Man), a nucleotide‑activated sugar essential for the construction of protein oligosaccharide chains. In the present study, an in vitro therapeutic approach was used, based on GDP‑Man‑loaded poly (D,L‑lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), which were used to treat CDG‑Ia fibroblast cultures, thus bypassing the glycosylation pathway reaction catalysed by PMM2. To assess the degree of hypoglycosylation in vitro, the present study examined the activities of α‑mannosidase, β‑glucoronidase and β‑galactosidase in defective and normal fibroblasts. GDP‑Man (30 µg/ml GDP‑Man PLGA NPs) was incubated for 48 h with the cells and the specific activities of α‑mannosidase and β‑galactosidase were estimated at 69 and 92% compared with healthy controls. The residual activity of β‑glucoronidase increased from 6.5 to 32.5% and was significantly higher compared with that noted in the untreated CDG‑Ia fibroblasts. The glycosylation process of fibroblasts was also analysed by two‑dimensional electrophoresis. The results demonstrated that treatment caused the reappearance of several glycosylated proteins. The data in vitro showed that GDP‑Man PLGA NPs have desirable efficacy and warrant further evaluation in a preclinical validation animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bortot
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora De Martino
- DSM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, I‑34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tesser
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Addobbati
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I‑34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Diego Dolcetta
- UOSD SAFU, RiDAIT Department, The Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
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Ura B, Scrimin F, Arrigoni G, Aloisio M, Monasta L, Ricci G. Dysregulated chaperones associated with cell proliferation and negative apoptosis regulation in the uterine leiomyoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8005-8010. [PMID: 29731911 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle cell tumors that originate from the myometrium. In this study we focus on dysregulated chaperones associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. Paired tissue samples of 15 leiomyomas and adjacent myometria were obtained and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Mass spectrometry was used for protein identification and western blotting for 2-DE data validation. The values of 6 chaperones were found to be significantly different in the leiomyoma when compared with the myometrium. A total of 4 proteins were upregulated in the leiomyoma and 2 proteins were downregulated. Calreticulin and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein were further validated by western blotting because the first is considered a marker of cell proliferation, while the second protects against apoptotic cell death. In addition, we also validated the two downregulated proteins heat shock protein β-1 and heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A. Our study shows the existence of a dysregulation of chaperone proteins associated with leiomyoma development. Functional studies are needed to ascertain the role of these chaperones in the leiomyoma. This may be crucial for the further development of specific inhibitors against the activity of these proteins in order to block the growth of the leiomyoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Scrimin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, I-35122 Padua, Italy.,Proteomics Center, University of Padua, I-35129 Padua, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', I-34137 Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34128 Trieste, Italy
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A Proteomic Approach for the Identification of Up-Regulated Proteins Involved in the Metabolic Process of the Leiomyoma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:540. [PMID: 27070597 PMCID: PMC4848996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign smooth muscle cell tumor of the uterus. Proteomics is a powerful tool for the analysis of complex mixtures of proteins. In our study, we focused on proteins that were upregulated in the leiomyoma compared to the myometrium. Paired samples of eight leiomyomas and adjacent myometrium were obtained and submitted to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry for protein identification and to Western blotting for 2-DE data validation. The comparison between the patterns revealed 24 significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) protein spots, 12 of which were found to be associated with the metabolic processes of the leiomyoma and not with the normal myometrium. The overexpression of seven proteins involved in the metabolic processes of the leiomyoma was further validated by Western blotting and 2D Western blotting. Four of these proteins have never been associated with the leiomyoma before. The 2-DE approach coupled with mass spectrometry, which is among the methods of choice for comparative proteomic studies, identified a number of proteins overexpressed in the leiomyoma and involved in several biological processes, including metabolic processes. A better understanding of the mechanism underlying the overexpression of these proteins may be important for therapeutic purposes.
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Mischiati C, Ura B, Roncoroni L, Elli L, Cervellati C, Squerzanti M, Conte D, Doneda L, Polverino de Laureto P, de Franceschi G, Calza R, Barrero CA, Merali S, Ferrari C, Bergamini CM, Agostinelli E. Changes in protein expression in two cholangiocarcinoma cell lines undergoing formation of multicellular tumor spheroids in vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118906. [PMID: 25756965 PMCID: PMC4355290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is relevant in malignant growth and frequently correlates with worsening disease progression due to its implications in metastases and resistance to therapeutic interventions. Although EMT is known to occur in several types of solid tumors, the information concerning tumors arising from the epithelia of the bile tract is still limited. In order to approach the problem of EMT in cholangiocarcinoma, we decided to investigate the changes in protein expression occurring in two cell lines under conditions leading to growth as adherent monolayers or to formation of multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), which are considered culture models that better mimic the growth characteristics of in-vivo solid tumors. In our system, changes in phenotypes occur with only a decrease in transmembrane E-cadherin and vimentin expression, minor changes in the transglutaminase protein/activity but with significant differences in the proteome profiles, with declining and increasing expression in 6 and in 16 proteins identified by mass spectrometry. The arising protein patterns were analyzed based on canonical pathways and network analysis. These results suggest that significant metabolic rearrangements occur during the conversion of cholangiocarcinomas cells to the MCTS phenotype, which most likely affect the carbohydrate metabolism, protein folding, cytoskeletal activity, and tissue sensitivity to oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Mischiati
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofalo, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Leda Roncoroni
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease/Gastroenterology 2, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Elli
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease/Gastroenterology 2, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Squerzanti
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Conte
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease/Gastroenterology 2, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Luisa Doneda
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Calza
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlos A. Barrero
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Salim Merali
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carlo Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Le Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo M. Bergamini
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti and Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, La Sapienza University of Rome and CNR, Biology and Molecular Pathology Institutes, Rome, Italy
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